Njengoko i-OMS isasazeka, ngaphezulu kwe-200 yokuvalwa okwaziwayo inokudluliselwa ngokutya. Ukwanda komngcipheko ngexesha lehlabathi kunye nokwanda kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kunye nomngeni wangempela wokwenza izinto ezintsha, emva kweenkulungwane zokulondolozwa kwendabuko (ukutshaya, ityuwa, ukuphiliswa, njl.) kunye nesiganeko esibalulekileyo, ngo-1864, ukufunyanwa kwe-pasteurization.
Ikhoyo ngoku idlulile ukwenzela ukuba usuku lokutsha luphunyezwe, njengoko kunjalo kwizicelo ze-ultraviolet pulse, i-encapsulation, i-ionizing radiation, i-ultrasound, njl. Kwaye ukusetyenziswa kweplasma ebandayo, ngokuthe ngqo kwimveliso, okanye 'nge-plasma esebenzayo yamanzi'.
Ngeli hlotyeni, igalelo elibalaseleyo lihambelana nokusetyenziswa koxinzelelo oluphezulu, njengoko uDaniel Martínez Maqueda, ugqirha-umphandi kwiSayensi yokutya kunye neTekhnoloji kwi-Imidra, iZiko leGastronomic Innovation yoLuntu lwaseMadrid, uthi: "Kuye kwaba ngaphezu kwe ishumi leminyaka, inzululwazi yokubonelela ngokutya okuzinzileyo yenza isiseko sonyango olutsha lokungagcini ukushisa (kunye nomthamo ophawulekayo wokulondoloza iimpawu zoluvo kunye nezondlo zeemveliso).
Ubuchule obufana nokusetyenziswa koxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-hydrostatic, i-irradiation, i-ultrasound okanye i-high intensity pulses yombane kufuneka igxininiswe ".
I-CNTA yenye yeziko kwisifundo soxinzelelo oluphezulu
Kunjengokuba uSilvia García de la Torre, intloko yeR&D Business Development kwiCNTA, esithi: “Obu bugcisa bunokunceda ekuphuculeni izigaba ezahlukeneyo zekhonkco lokutya, njengokulawula inkunkuma yokutya. Ukusukela ekulinyweni nasekukhuliseni izilwanyana ukuya ekutyeni ukutya, ukuya kwinkunkuma eninzi evela kwimveliso engahambelaniyo kunye/okanye eneempawu eziguqulwayo ngenxa yefuthe lezinto eziphilayo ezibangela izifo okanye ezonakalise umgangatho wazo (ukubola; ezimbi) amavumba , iincasa ezingaqhelekanga, njl.). Ingcali ibonisa ukuba "kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga ne-88 yezigidi zeetoni zenkunkuma yokutya ziveliswa ngonyaka kwi-EU, ilahleko yezoqoqosho ye-143.000 yezigidi ze-euro kwi-chain chain ... enokuncitshiswa ngokulondolozwa okwaneleyo."
Okokuqala, ukhuseleko
Esi senzo kukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko ngaphandle kokujongela phantsi umgangatho kunye nokwandisa ubomi beshelufu, ngokusekelwe ikakhulu, okwangoku, kukutya okuncinci, okubonakalayo, 'okungacacanga', njengoko abaphandi bebabiza. Kwaye kunye nenkqubela phambili ephawulekayo yokupakisha, njengoko kubonisiwe kwiziko lobuchwephesha be-Ainia: "Ukupakishwa okusebenzayo kunye ne-antimicrobials kunye ne-bacteriophages kuphucula ubomi beshelufu yeemveliso zenyama, indawo yokuzalela ukukhula kwee-microorganisms, ngakumbi kumphezulu wayo, njengebhaktheriya, igwele kunye ne-yeast. imingundo enokuba yi-pathogenic”.
I-Innovation, kulo mzekelo, ibandakanya ukufakwa kwezongezo zokukhusela kwi-package (endaweni yokusetyenziswa kukutya ngokwayo), kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo: "Izinto ezisebenzayo kunye neempawu ze-antimicrobial ezifana ne-ethanol, i-carbon dioxide, i-ion zesilivere okanye i-antibiotics, kunye nabanye. enemvelaphi yendalo efana neeoyile ezibalulekileyo, izicatshulwa zezityalo okanye ezinye izinongo”.
I-Ethyl Lauroyl Arginate (LAE), umzekelo, yenye yezinto zeenkwenkwezi, i-molecule ekwazi ukuhlanjululwa yi-hydrolyzed ngeendlela eziqhelekileyo ze-metabolic ezandisa ukhuseleko kwikhonkco lokutya. Kwaye ke kwenzeka enye impahla evavanyiweyo e-Ainia, i-salmonella bacteriophage, enye ukulwa nemingcipheko yempilo enokwenzeka, njengoko kunjalo ngophando kumxholo wokupakisha, ukunciphisa imiphumo yokukhanya kunye ne-oksijini.
Khu phiswano
Kule meko yoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-hydrostatic, njengoMartínez Maqueda, "iimveliso ezifana nejusi, 'i-smoothies' okanye i-gazpachos, ezithengiswa ngokubanda ngaphandle kokutyalwa kwe-pasteurizing, ezineempawu ze-organoleptic kunye nexabiso lesondlo elingenakuchazwa kokutsha. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwiimveliso zenyama esetyenzisiweyo yenye yeendlela ezikhulayo, ukuphumeza ukhuseleko olukhulu lwe-microbiological kunye nemixube ehlonitshwa ngakumbi”.
Le teknoloji, njengoko uCarole Tonello, uMlawuli woPhuhliso lweShishini e-Hiperbaric, ebonisa, yasungulwa kwiminyaka engama-30 eyadlulayo eJapan (enyanisweni, uTonello wabhala ithisisi yakhe yobugqirha kule nkqubela phambili), kodwa ngoku ukusetyenziswa kwayo kokutya kwezolimo kuyakhuthazwa. Enyanisweni, i-Hiperbaric izenzele njenge-reference yamazwe ngamazwe (isebenzisa i-95% yale teknoloji kunyango lokutya), kunye noqikelelo lokukhula kwe-75% kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo. Imodeli yeshishini ethi, njengoko igxininiswe yinkampani esekwe eBurgos, "iphendula kwiindlela ezintlanu eziphambili zabathengi ezifuna iimveliso 'ezilungele ukutyiwa', zigcinwe ngcono kwaye zihlala ixesha elide, zizinzile kwaye zikhuselekile".
Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwe-Hiperbaric, amashishini asebenzisa uxinzelelo olubandayo eSpain, ngaphezu kwayo yonke into, ijusi kunye neziselo (25%), iimveliso zeavokhado, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno (25%), iimveliso zenyama (19%), ukongeza, phakathi kwabanye. , intlanzi kunye ne-shellfish (8%), izitya ezilungiselelwe (6%) kunye neemveliso zobisi, ukutya kwabantwana kunye nezilwanyana (3%). I-Tonello igxininisa indlela "sithatha ithuba lokusebenzisa uxinzelelo kuqala kulwelo, kungekhona kwisitya esinolwelo, kwaye ngobuninzi", 'Ukubulawa kwabantu' kwiintsholongwane ezingafunekiyo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokusebenzisa ubushushu kunye nesiqinisekiso se-flavour, umbala. kunye nokhuseleko.
Ithekhnoloji enokuzithemba kwiiprojekthi zaseYurophu ezifana ne-Bevstream kwaye ijongene nomngeni wokuqhubela phambili ukulinganisa iindleko kwiindlela zendabuko, njengoko i-Tonello ichaza: "Iindleko ziya kulungelelaniswa, kodwa, nangayiphi na imeko, sithetha ngento esisiseko. impilo, ekubeni imingcipheko iyapheliswa kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwezongezo akuyimfuneko. Kwaye kungekuphela nje abantu, kodwa nakwizilwanyana zasekhaya, ezidla inxalenye enkulu yokutya kwazo ngokucokisekileyo, omisiweyo, iimveliso ezipakishweyo.
