Ngeli xesha, kumazwe ahlukeneyo aseNtshona Afrika, eCameroon, eBenin naseGuinea-Bissau, u-Emmanuel Macron wagxininisa kwaye wagxeka ubunzulu obusongelayo bobukho beRashiya obukhulayo entliziyweni yelizwekazi laseAfrika, ngokuhambelana nokubonakala kweendlela ezintsha zobunqolobi bamaSilamsi, ukuqikelela ukuba imingeni emitsha yomkhosi kunye nokungakhuseleki kokutya kuye kwavela kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ngokombono womongameli waseBrithani, ikamva lomkhosi kunye nokhuseleko lokutya eYurophu lixhomekeke, ubukhulu becala, ekuchaseni kunye nokulwa nokufakwa kweRashiya kunye neChina kwiindawo zangaphambili zaseYurophu.
Ekufikeni kwakhe eCameroon, apho waye wabamba iingxoxo noMongameli uPaul Biya, uMacron wade wayigxeka "i-hybrid expansionism" yaseRussia e-Afrika: "I-Kremlin ihambisa iipawn zayo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Ubukho obuthe ngqo bomkhosi bukhatshwa kukufakelwa kwemikhosi yabucala yaseWagner; kwangaxeshanye amaziko entengiso aseRashiya asasaza iindaba ezibubuxoki neziphelisa uzinzo.”
Isithethi esisemthethweni sikamongameli sacacisa ngale ndlela ukuqiqa kwentloko yelizwe: “I-ajenda yozakuzo yaseRashiya neyezomkhosi e-Afrika ayinanto yakwenza nokuphumelela kweAfrika. Le ajenda ibangela ukungazinzi, kangangokuba ibuhlungu, yenza kube nzima ukuqhekeka okuxhalabisayo. IMoscow izibophelela ngokwenkqubo, ibangela ukungazinzi ngokusisigxina. ” Imodeli 'ye-canonical' yemfazwe ye-hybrid yaseRussia, embindini welizwekazi lase-Afrika, yileyo yaseMali, apho, emva kobhukuqo-mbuso, i-putschists eyathatha amandla yamisela ukuphela kwentsebenziswano yasemkhosini kunye neFransi, endaweni yamajoni aseRashiya abucala. ilawulwa 'ngabaphathi' abahlobo bakaPutin. Iinkonzo zokhuseleko zaseBritane ziqikelela ukuba ubukho bomkhosi waseRussia bungakhula ukuba amahlakani aseYurophu awayithathi imigaqo-nkqubo esebenza ngamandla eAfrika.
E-Benin, uMacron uye wakhupha ngononophelo umhlaza wesizwe kunye nommandla we-jihadism: "IFransi ikulungele ukunyusa uncedo oluthe ngqo, kuzo zonke iinkalo, inkcubeko, uqoqosho, umkhosi, ukulwa nobunqolobi". I-rhetoric ye-elliptical ukukhumbula isilonda esibhubhisayo.
Ngokutsho koMphathiswa wezoKhuselo waseGhana, uDominic Nitiwul, amazwe alishumi elinesihlanu angamalungu e-Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) aye ahlaselwa ngamaphekula angama-5.300, kunye nokufa kwe-16.000, kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo: ngaphezu kwewaka lohlaselo lwabanqolobi ngonyaka, ngeendleko ezitshabalalisayo kubomi babantu.
Ubukho bemikhosi yaseFransi eMali, bafuduka ngokuyinxenye eNiger, njengeyona njongo iphambili yokulwa nokusasazeka kweYiddism yamaSilamsi. EBenin, iMacron ibonise "imodeli entsha" yesenzo sokulwa nobunqolobi: isenzo somkhosi wendabuko kunye namapolisa kufuneka songezwe yintsebenziswano yenkcubeko, yentlalo kunye nezoqoqosho.
umhlaba wokuzalela
IFransi ibuyele eBenin, emazantsi eFransi, ingqokelela yembali yezinto zobugcisa ezibiwe ngexesha lobukoloniyali. Esi senzo sikwanombono onzulu: ukwandisa intsebenziswano yamazwe amabini ukuzama ukunciphisa ukopha okubuhlungu kolutsha olutsalwa bubundlobongela obunqolobi.
Yintlekele embi uMaryse Quashia, unjingalwazi weYunivesithi yaseTogo, ayihlalutya ngolu hlobo: “Kunzima ukuqonda indlela azalwa ngayo amaqela abagrogrisi. Kodwa siyazazi iinjongo zayo kunye nesiseko sayo: intlupheko, intswela-ngqesho, intlupheko norhwaphilizo”.
ECameroon, eBenin naseGuinea-Bissau, uMacron ugxininise 'kwi-icing' njengokukhula kunye noloyiko lomkhosi, i-jihadist kunye nokungakhuseleki kokutya.
Imfazwe yaseUkraine nayo ineendleko ezibuhlungu eAfrika kumaxhoba endlala ngenxa yokunqongophala kokutya okuziinkozo. Ngokwembono yeMacronian, uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho luya kuvumela amanye amazwe ase-Afrika ukuba anciphise ukuxhomekeka ekutyeni ukuze aguqule, nokuba, kwiisheyi ze-Afrika neYurophu. "IRashiya yaqalisa imfazwe e-Ukraine ngokuchasene ne-Ukraine, ekukholelwa ukuba yanyamalala eYurophu, ihlasela ilizwe elikhululekile nelizimeleyo. Yaziphatha njengegunya lobukoloniyali. IAfrika mayingayilibali le ndlela yokuziphatha”, ubhale phantsi umongameli waseNgesi. Ngethuba lokhenketho lwakhe, wazama ukuphinda aqalise iMission for Food and Agricultural Resilience (MRAA), inyathelo laseYurophu, ngexesha likamongameli waseFransi, elijolise ukulwa nengxaki yokutya yehlabathi.
Ikamva eliqhelekileyo lenkcubeko
IsiNgesi lulwimi lwesihlanu oluthethwa kakhulu kwihlabathi, ulwimi oluthethwayo kunye nenkcubeko ye-4% yabemi behlabathi, malunga nama-300 ezigidi zamadoda.
Ngokwembali, iFransi izamile "ukwenza umjelo" wobunyani bayo nge-Organization Internationale de la Francophonie (OIF). Phakathi kuka-2050 no-2060, izigidi ezingama-700 zabantu ziya kuba sisiNgesi njengolwimi lwenkcubeko. Ukususela kuSenghor no-Aimé Cesaire, kumashumi eminyaka eyadlulayo, ababhali abantsundu, ngolwimi lwesiFrentshi, banendawo ehloniphekileyo kwinkcubeko yesizwe.
Uluntu lwe-francophone yenkcubeko yeRiphabhliki yaseCongo (i-84 yezigidi) kunye neYiputa (i-99 yezigidi) sele iphezulu kakhulu kwi-arithmetic, kumaFrentshi azalwe kwaye akhuliswe eFransi (i-68 yezigidi).
Urhulumente kunye nabatyali-zimali belizwe ngokubanzi baye bacinga le nyani yedemografi iminyaka. U-Emmanuel Macron "izenzo" zokudityaniswa kweenkcubeko ezininzi zehlabathi elithetha isiFrentshi, ukutyebisa inkcubeko yesiFrentshi ngemvelaphi eyahlukileyo, yaseAfrika, ixesha elininzi.
Kwintliziyo yaseParis, kwi-Bourse de Commerce, kwingqokelela yobuqu kaFrançois Pinault, enye yethamsanqa elikhulu lesizwe, kukho indawo ekhethekileyo yabaculi baseAfrika, apho bazinikele khona kwiindawo zomyalelo wokuqala. Luphawu olusemthethweni: olunye lwethamsanqa elikhulu lesizwe, elinemyuziyam yalo, ukubheja ngobugcisa nangemali kumtyali-mali kubugcisa base-Afrika.
