I-E-120 yenye yezongezo zokutya ezisetyenziswa kakhulu. Yiza namashwamshwam abomvu, iyogathi, iimbotyi zejeli, isoda, i-ayisikrimu okanye ijam. Kwakhona yinxalenye eqhelekileyo kwi-carmine lipsticks. Ukuba ufunda eli nqaku akunakwenzeka ukuba awuzange usebenzise i-E-120. Zama ukuyikhangela kwileyibhile yayo nayiphi na imveliso oyichithayo kwaye uya kuyibona ukuba ikhona.
Emva kokuba ukwenzile oku kuqinisekiswa, mhlawumbi ungathanda ukwazi - okanye ngcono hayi - ukuba emva kwesi sigama sobugcisa "kubomvu be-cochineal". Kwaye ewe, inani labo lichaza ngokupheleleyo kwaye lingashiyi indawo yokungabaza: ifunyenwe ngokutyumza iimazi ezomileyo zezi zinambuzane. ISpain ngumvelisi obalulekileyo, ngakumbi kwiiCanary Islands, yingakho ngumbala odibeneyo wehlabathi oqulethe i-Detected Designation of Origin.
Ukuba ubungekayazi yonke le nto, vuma ukuba utye izinambuzane, nokuba ubungaqondi. Kunokwenzeka ukuba ndiyayazi inzothe. Ungakhathazeki, iqhelekile. Ngokophononongo olwenziwa liqela lophando lweFoodLab ye-Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), i-86% yabantu baseSpain abazange batye inambuzane - okanye ngoko bakholelwa-kwaye kuphela i-13% evumayo ukuba baye bazama ngezinye izihlandlo.
Esona sizathu siphambili abasinika sona sokungatyi izinambuzane, njengakwimeko yabo, bayacekisa. I-38% yabo bavavanyiweyo baqinisekisile ukuba ukugxothwa kuyabasusa koku kutya, okuxhaphakileyo kwamanye amazwe. Ukunqongophala kwendawo yokuhlala (15%), ukuthandabuza malunga nokhuseleko (9%) okanye iindawo zenkcubeko (6%) zezinye izinto ezikhuthazayo. Kwaye ayikuko ukuba abantu baseSpain bathanda kakhulu ukubabandakanya kukutya kwabo okuqhelekileyo. “Yi-16% kuphela ethe ewe, ngelixa i-82% ithi ayizukuvuma,” lutshilo olu phando.
entomophagy
Umsebenzi, -ulungiswe nguMarta Ros-Baró, umfundi ogqirha kwizeMpilo kunye nePsychology kunye no-Anna Bach-Faig no-Alicia Aguilar, abaphandi beFoolab kunye noprofesa kwiSebe leSayensi yezeMpilo ye-UOC- ngaphezu kokwazi izizathu zolu galo, iinjongo. "ukuchonga iiparamitha ezifaka isandla ekuphuculeni ukwamkelwa kokusetyenziswa kwezinambuzane".
Kwaye kukuba i-entomophagy-ukusetyenziswa kwezinambuzane njengokutya-inabaxhasi abaninzi nangakumbi. Izifundo zonyango eziqinisekisa ukuba ukuqaliswa kwesondlo somntu "kuphucula impilo yamathumbu, kunciphisa ukudumba kwenkqubo kwaye kwandisa kakhulu ukuxinana kwegazi kwee-amino acids" ukutya (FAO), okubajonga njengenye indlela "yokuchithwa ngokukhawuleza kwemithombo yendalo, imozulu yemozulu kunye nokulahleka kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo”. Ewe, ukuba sithelekisa ukuveliswa kwe "izinambuzane kunye nenyama yenkomo, ukukhutshwa kwegesi eluhlaza yi-95% ephantsi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla ngama-62%," ngokutsho kwe-UOC isifundo.
Ezinye iingxabano ezithi, njengoko iyunivesiti yaseCatalan iye yafunda, iphelela ekuqinisekiseni abo bangazange badle inambuzane, okanye baceba ukwenza njalo, ukuba "banokuba yinto engenye kunye nomthombo ozinzileyo weprotheni." I-58% yabathathi-nxaxheba kuphononongo bacinga ukuba "ukudibanisa kwabo kwisidlo kunokuba yinyani", kodwa ngaphandle kokuba imilo yabo iguqulwe, ukuze ingabonakali. Oko kukuthi, njenge-E-120 esele siyisebenzisa.
Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, "i-70% yabantu ichaza ukuba ukulungiswa ukwenzela ukuba uhlobo lwendalo lwenambuzane lungabonakali luya kwenza ukusetyenziswa kwayo kube mnandi." Ke, ifomathi yomgubo iya kufumana ukwamkelwa okukhulu (23%), ilandelwa yicookies (6%) okanye imivalo (5,8%). Oko kukuthi, izinambuzane zinokuba 'luhlaza oluhlaza' lwefilimu ethi 'Xa i-destiny ifikelela kuthi'.
Ivenkile kuphela eSpain
Enyanisweni, ukusetyenziswa okunjalo sele kunokwenzeka. UAlberto Pérez uqhuba i-'Insectum', kwimarike yaseRuzafa eValencia, ekuphela kwenkampani ekhethekileyo kwizinambuzane ezityiwayo evulelekileyo eSpain. Kumboniso wayo singonwabela iikhilikithi, iintshulube, iilobster kunye nemibungu, kunye neemveliso ezicutshungulwayo eziphuma kuzo, ezifana neentlobo ngeentlobo zepasta, iicookies, iisnacks kunye nemivalo. Zonke zibandakanya ipesenteji encinci yomgubo wezinambuzane, ezinokuthi zithengwe ukupheka ekhaya.
Amava kaPérez achasene nalawo aboniswe kuphononongo. “Uninzi lweentengiso ngabathengi abafika befuna ukwazi kwaye bayifuna iphelele, ingafihlwa okanye ibekwe phantsi,” ucacise watsho u-ABC. Enyanisweni, imarike ye-Insectum iphakathi kwe-13% yabantu baseSpain abavumayo ukuba bazame inambuzane ngexesha elithile.
UPérez uvuma ngelithi: “ESpeyin asinamasiko namasiko yaye abantu badla ngokucekiswa yiyo, nangona sidla iinkumba ezinokuthi, ukuba uyacinga ngazo, zikoyike ngakumbi.” “Abathengi baphuma kukufuna ukwazi, bambalwa kakhulu abaye bacinga ukubabandakanya ekutyeni kwabo rhoqo,” uyongezelela.
Kodwa eyona nto ikhubekisayo ekuphunyezweni kolu setyenziso alukho kakhulu kumgama wenkcubeko, kodwa kwiingxaki ze-bureaucratic ezijongene necandelo. I-European Food Safety Authority (AFSA) kwiveki ephelileyo ivume inambuzane yesine ukuba isetyenziswe ngabantu, i-larva ye-bung beetle, edibanisa i-meatworm, inkumbi efudukayo kunye nekhilikithi yasekhaya njengenye kuphela egunyazisiweyo kwi-European Union.
Ngo-2018, xa uPérez eqala nge-Insectum, kwakungekho mgaqo kwaye eSpain kwakunokwenzeka ukuthengisa, ngokusekelwe kumgaqo wokuqaphela okufanayo, ezo zigunyazisiweyo kwamanye amazwe e-EU. Kodwa ngokuzama ukuzisa ucwangco, uninzi lwazo luye lwaba semthethweni.
'Tenebrio molitor'
Isidlo sentshulube
Yayingowokuqala ukugunyaziswa ukusetyenziswa kwabantu kwi-EU. Idla ngokutyiwa yomisiwe kwaye iphelele. I-crunchy kunye nencasa encinci yeetshiphusi zetapile.
'Locusta migratoria'
iinkumbi ezifudukayo
Yeyona inkulu kwezo zivunyelweyo kwaye ngoko ke iyaziwa kakhulu. Isihlobo seentethe, incasa yayo ikhumbuza amantongomane kwaye inamandla ngakumbi.
'Acheta domesticus'
indlu yeqakamba
Ngokufana nezo zihamba nathi ngobusuku behlobo, kodwa zikhule ezifama. Ityiwa iphelele okanye yenziwe ngomgubo wepasta okanye amashwamshwam.
'Alphitobius diaperinus'
umbungu webhungane lobulongwe
'Alphitobius diaperinus'. Iphelele, i-crunchy kunye ne-nutty in flavour, iphezulu kwiprotheyini kunye namafutha aphantsi. Ikwasetyenziswa kwimivalo okanye ngendlela yokuncamathisela.
Ingxaki kukuba inkqubo yokwenziwa kwayo ibe semthethweni, njengazo zonke iinkqubo zoluntu, isihogo esisemthethweni kwaye siyabiza. Kufuneka iqalwe yinkampani enomdla kwintengiso, ekufuneka ithathele ingqalelo, ukongeza kwimirhumo, zonke iingxelo kunye nezifundo ezithethelela ukufaneleka kwayo ukusetyenziswa komntu.
Oku kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni ugunyaziso luceliwe kuphela kwiintlobo ezilishumi elinesibini, apho i-EU nayo ivumela okwethutyana ukuthengiswa kwazo, de kube zixazululwe iifayile. Nangona kunjalo, akukho mntu ucele ukuqatshelwa kwezinambuzane ezithandwa kakhulu, ezifana nezo zivela eMexico, i-escamoles (amaqanda eembovane), i-chapulines (iintethe) kunye neentuthwane ze-culona. Ngale ndlela, ukusetyenziswa kwezi ntlobo, eziqhelekileyo kwiindawo zokutyela ezininzi zaseMexico, ngokusemthethweni, akukho mthethweni kwi-European Union.
Ngokungathi oko kwakunganelanga, kule ngxaki yongezwa ububhanxa bokuba iSpeyin ayinayo umthetho ocacileyo malunga nokulungiswa kokutya kunye nezinambuzane. Isiphumo kukuba zinokukhuliswa kwiifama zaseSpain, kodwa azinakwenziwa ukuba zithengiswe. Ingxaki ekhokelele ekungaphumeleliyo kwabatyali-mali abaninzi abaye bayizama.
Umzekelo omhle ngu-Entogourmet, isiqalo esizinze eLorca (Murcia) ngo-2019 ngenjongo yokunyusa i-barbecues yokusetyenziswa kwabantu. Ukongezwa kwiingxaki zecandelo eliphuhlisayo, elifuna umgudu omkhulu wotyalo-mali kunye nophando, ngumqobo wokuba, emva kokuba iikhilikithi ziphakanyiswe, kufuneka zithunyelwe kwelinye ilizwe kwi-EU ukuba ziqhutywe ukuze zisetyenziswe.
I-Entogourmet yayineqabane laseDatshi (apho unyango lwezinambuzane ezisetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa kwabantu lugunyazisiweyo), apho lwathumela amaqakamba afileyo kunye nomkhenkce, ukuba abuyiselwe ngendlela yomgubo kunye ne-pasta -fusilli kunye ne-penne- eyenziwe ngomxube wesidlo sezinambuzane. kunye necereal. Inkqubo enengqiqo ekufuneka beyenze nezinambuzane ezithengiswa ziphelele nezomisiweyo.
Ekubeni inabasebenzi abamalunga ne-15, yaba yeyona fama inkulu yezinambuzane eYurophu. Kodwa kwiminyaka emibini emva kokuba iqalile umsebenzi wayo, yayigwetyelwe ukutshona, ingakwazi ukubuyisela utyalo-mali, ixhatshazwa ziindleko zangoku kwaye kungekho nokwenzeka yokuthengisa isitokhwe sayo esikhulayo kuluntu olungekakulungeli oku kusetyenziswa. I-Entogourmet yiparadigm yeenkampani kwicandelo. Iziqalo eziza ngentshiseko enkulu kunye neengcinga ezintsha kodwa ziphela zintywila kwimiqobo yezomthetho, iindleko eziphezulu kunye nenzala encinci evela kubathengi.
Ukulandelelana kweengxaki ezinokuthi zenze izinambuzane zidume kwisikwere. Okokuqala, ngenxa yokuba izibonelelo ezibangwayo zokusingqongileyo aziyonyani. Ngokugqithiselwa kuyo yonke iManyano yaseYurophu kuya kunyuswa, kusetyenzwe kwaye kuthengiswe, i-carbon footprint yayo iyeka kumanqanaba okunye ukutya.
Kwaye ngenxa yokuba, ngolu luhlu lwemveliso lungaqhelekanga, ixabiso lento ekufuneka ibe yiprotheni ephantsi ibekwe kwindawo yokutya okunethezeka, ngaphezulu kwe-300 yee-euro ngekhilogram ukuba siyithenga kwiivenkile. Kwaye oko, ngaphandle kokuya kwindawo yodidi abanokuthi basinike yona, kuba - masijongane nayo - bambalwa kakhulu abasinika amava egastronomic afanele eli xabiso.
Ke, ukuba uzimisele ukuthwala ezo ndleko, ndiphinda ndizame ukukuthumela ngeendleko zakho ukuze ufune ukutya kwaye ndibeka ingozi kuqikelelo lokuba siya kufumana i-Kobe yenkomo yenkomo, i-elvers, okanye i-beluga caviar ngaphambi kokuba senze imibungu yobulongwe. .
