Iminyaka yaseyunivesithi lelinye lamaxesha apho ezona nkumbulo zibalaseleyo zigcinwa kubo bonke ubomi. Ukufika kweminyaka kuhambelana nokuqala kwenqanaba elitsha, izifundo kunye nabahlobo. Ukongeza kwinxalenye yezifundo, uhambo lweyunivesithi lubonelela ngamava ahlukeneyo axabisa umda wabafundi kwaye ahlala engaziwayo. Iiyunivesithi ngokwazo ziya zisebenza ngakumbi kulo mba. “KwiDyunivesithi yase-UC3M senza lukhulu ukubonelela ngobomi beyunivesithi obuphangaleleyo, sifuna ukuya ngaphaya kophuhliso lwezakhono zemfundo ukuze abafundi babe nezakhono ezongezelelweyo”, ucacise watsho uMónica Campos Gómez, iSekela-Rector yaBafundi kunye nokuLingana kwi-UC3M. .
Khumbula ukuba ukusebenzisana nokusingqongileyo okukungqongileyo kutyebisa abantu abatsha "abaseka amakhonkco amatsha, bathethe phambi kwabantu abangabaziyo, baxoxe ... kubanika amandla athile okubona kwangaphambili kwaye kubanika isiqinisekiso sehlabathi lobuchwephesha. " Ukongeza, kukho ukutyetyiswa okufanayo, "iyunivesiti ikhula, iguquke, ihambe", uCampos ucacisa.
Kwiminyaka yaseyunivesithi kuqhelekile kakhulu ukudala okanye ukuba yinxalenye yentsebenziswano ethi ngamanye amaxesha ithi shwaka xa izifundo ziphelile. Kwi-UC3M kukho malunga nama-70, ahluke kakhulu, “anamandla okwenza imisebenzi enomtsalane. Ezinye zisekwe kakhulu kwaye zigqithiswa ukusuka komnye umfundi ukuya komnye”, ubonisa oko usekela-rector. IYunivesithi ibanika inkxaso yokuhlanganisa nokwenza iinkqubo kunye nokuxhasa iiprojekthi ngonyaka. UCampos uyazi ukuba abafundi bayanda kwimfuno kwaye ukholelwa ukuba xa ukhetha iziko, yonke into enikezelwa yiyunivesithi inobunzima obuninzi, hayi nje isidanga esikhethiweyo.
Iindawo zokuhlala ziququzelela iindibano zocweyo, imisitho kunye noqeqesho lobuchwephesha oluhambelana nemfundo yaseyunivesithi
ULeonor Gallardo Guerrero, usekela-rector kuLungelelaniso, uNxibelelwano kunye nokuPhakanyiswa kweYunivesithi yaseCastilla-La Mancha (UCLM), ubonisa ukuzibophelela ekukhuleni kobuchwephesha kunye nobuqu bomzimba wabafundi kwaye ngenxa yoku "sizimisele ukuhamba ngamazwe ngamazwe, amavolontiya eyunivesithi, ukwazisa ngendalo esingqongileyo, ukutyebisa inkcubeko okanye ukuziqhelanisa nezemidlalo”. Ke ngoko, "senza ubomi ekhampasini buguquke ngakumbi ngamaphulo ekungekho mfundi kufuneka aphoswe kuwo," wongeza. Ukwabonisa ukuba ukufunda kwizixeko ezincinci kuneengenelo ezingenakuphikiswa. Kule meko ye-UCLM, "kukubheja kwindlela yokuphila efikelelekayo kunye nenempilo ngaphandle kokuyeka ukuqina kwezemfundo kunye nokugqwesa kwinkonzo yethu yezemfundo kunye neenkonzo."
Intatho-nxaxheba yeDemokhrasi
Kwabo bashiya usapho kunye nesixeko ukuze baqhubeke nezifundo zabo, amava aya kuba luncedo ngakumbi. Nokuba usebenzisa indlu, kwiholo yokuhlala okanye kwindawo yokuhlala yabafundi, ukwahlula kwindawo yakho entle kuya kuba lucelomngeni olutsha. Kodwa kwakhona ezinye zezi khetho zibandakanya ukudibanisa okongeziweyo. “Iiholo zokuhlala ziyunivesithi iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki. Singamaziko eyunivesiti kunye noqeqesho kwizikolo zethu ngokuthatha inxaxheba ngedemokhrasi kubomi besikolo kunye nenani lemisebenzi yangaphandle eyenziwa kulo nyaka wezifundo, "utshilo uJuan Muñoz, umongameli weBhunga leeHolo zeYunivesithi yaseSpain. Uninzi lwazo luvuleleke kuluntu lwaseyunivesithi luphela noluntu ngokubanzi: iinkomfa, iikhosi, iindibano zocweyo, iqonga lemidlalo yeqonga, iindibano, iikonsathi, imidlalo, njl. Ngomsebenzi wethu sibonelela ngexabiso elikhulu kubafundi baseyunivesithi, iikhampasi kunye noluntu”, wongezelela. Kukho into ephawula abantu abatsha abahamba ekholejini, "bagqibe ekubeni bahlale kwindawo enkulu, kunye nentsingiselo yaloo nto, kwaye bayenze ngaphandle kwekhaya labo, elibavumela ukuba bakhuthaze ukufunda, uqeqesho kunye nenkqubo yokuvuthwa. ngokuhlala nabantu abohlukeneyo”, ubalula uMuñoz. Ulutsha oluhamba ezikolweni, ukusuka kwi-18 ukuya kwi-22 leminyaka ubudala, "banomdla wokufunda, ukuhlala, ukwabelana, ukutya ihlabathi, ukushiya ikhaya labo, ukuvula kunye nokwabelana ngenqanaba labo eyunivesithi kunye noogxa babo abavela imvelaphi eyahluke kakhulu, ngoko badla ngokuba ngabantu abavulelekileyo nabanyamezelayo.” Ngombulelo kwimisebenzi yangaphandle kwesikolo abayenzayo apho, "abafundi bafumana izakhono ezinqamlezileyo ezifana nokucinga okuhlalutyayo, ubuchule bokuyila, uthethathethwano, ukusebenzisana, izakhono zonxibelelwano, njl., ezixatyiswe kakhulu kwihlabathi lomsebenzi."
Ukuba sithetha ngeendawo zokuhlala, “zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi ezomeleza uphuhliso lobomi baseyunivesithi kubafundi. Babonelela ngentuthuzelo, ukhuseleko kunye nokuzithemba, kunye nendawo ekhuthaza ukukhula kwabo bobuqu kunye nobuchwephesha, utshilo uCarmen Tena, umlawuli wendawo yokuhlala yaseyunivesithi yase-El Faro eMadrid. Izibonelelo zezi zithuba zenzelwe ukuphucula ukusebenza kwezemfundo, "kodwa nazo zineendawo ezinikezelwe kwimidlalo, umculo okanye inkcubeko ukuhlangabezana neemfuno kunye nokukhathazeka kwabafundi." Kuqhelekile ukuququzelela imisitho kunye noqeqesho lobuchwephesha oluhambelana nemfundo yaseyunivesithi kunye nokubonelela ngamava aqinisekisa ukukhula kwengqondo kunye nobuqu kwabafundi. "Iindibano zocweyo ezinomxholo oluncedo kwizihloko ezinomdla kwesi sizukulwana sabafundi, njengokuzinza okanye ukutya okunempilo," utshilo uTena. Kuxhaphake kakhulu ukuba abafundi bonyaka wokuqala bakhethe ukuhlala kwindawo yokuhlala. "Ezi zifumana kwindawo yethu yokuhlala intuthuzelo kunye nazo zonke izibonelelo abanokuba nazo ekhaya: ibhodi epheleleyo, imenyu eyahlukeneyo kunye nenempilo, kunye neqela leengcali ezizimisele ukusombulula nayiphi na ingxaki." Ukusuka kule ndawo yokuhlala bancedisa kwixesha lenguqu, "baququzelela ukuziqhelanisa nobomi baseyunivesithi kunye nesixeko esitsha ukuze baxhalabe kuphela ngomsebenzi wabo waseyunivesithi kwaye baphile kweli nqanaba".
Inzuzo yokuthelekisa umsebenzi kunye nezifundo
Ukusebenza ngexesha leyunivesithi kuxhaphake kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngamaxesha athile okanye ngexesha leeholide, ukufumana imali eyongezelelweyo, kunye nabanye ngaphandle kwemfuneko, ukukwazi ukuhlawula izifundo okanye iindleko, ngakumbi xa utshintsha izixeko. Kodwa ngaphaya kwecandelo lezoqoqosho, kuthetha ukuthatha uxanduva kunye nokufumana amava aya kuqwalaselwa kwikamva lomsebenzi. Kwiminyaka yokuqala yesidanga, ngokuqhelekileyo kunzima ukufumana umsebenzi onxulumene nezifundo, kodwa imarike inamathuba ahlukeneyo ahambelana neemfuno zabafundi baseyunivesithi. “Kuxhaphakile ukuba kubekho umsebenzi othile ozinzileyo oneeshifti ezivumela ukuba kwenziwe ingxelo ngezifundo okanye eminye imisebenzi. Kwimeko yase-Randstad, malunga ne-15% yonikezelo yeyexeshana”, utshilo uValentín Bote, umlawuli weRandstad Research.
Kuyinyani ukuba ingxaki yezempilo ibe nefuthe kuyo yonke imarike yabasebenzi kwaye "uninzi lwezi zikhundla zachaphazeleka ngakumbi kuba yayiyimisebenzi yoluntu," ukhumbula uBote. Nangona kunjalo, namhlanje, unikezelo luye lwachacha ngokumangalisayo, "nangaphezulu komndilili wezoqoqosho, enkosi ngokuyinxenye kunyuko olubonakalayo lwamacandelo apho olu hlobo lwesimo luhlala luhlala khona," wongeza.
Awona macandelo anokuhlalwa kuwo abafundi baseyunivesithi bafumene umsebenzi ngalawo anxulumene nokhenketho kunye nokwamkela iindwendwe, 'iziko loqhagamshelwano', ulawulo kunye nezikhundla kwicandelo lezoshishino. “Abasebenzi, ngaphaya kohlobo losuku, bakholisa ukukuthakazelela ukusebenza, ukuvuma kunye namandla okufunda abaviwa. Ukuba, ukongeza, sinikezela ngamava athile kwizikhundla ezifanayo, nokuba ngcono”, uphawule watsho umlawuli weRandstad Research.
Ukusebenza ngelixa ufunda kusoloko kuluncedo kwingqesho yabantu abatsha “kuba kuvelisa amava kwaye kukhuthaza ukuqesheka kwabo. Enyanisweni, sincoma ukuba izigaba zokusebenza kunye nezigaba zokufunda azihlukanga, kodwa zidibaniswe kuyo yonke indlela yabasebenzi ".
