TORA
Kusagutsikana kwakawanda munharaunda yeRussia ye "hondo inoparadza, ine ropa uye isina chikonzero" iyo Mutungamiriri Vladimir Putin akasimudzira nyika yakavakidzana, vachipokana neUkraine, iyo vagari vemo, semaRussia, maSlavs eEast uye anogara achitariswa. hama”, zvinopfuura kutaurika. Vanowedzera mabhizinesi, vanyori, vaimbova vakuru vakuru, vezvehupfumi uye masayendisiti vari kutiza Russia. Vanosiya zvinzvimbo zvavo, vanomisa mabhizinesi avo, vanosiya maprofessorship avo, vanosiya mitambo yavo yemitambo kana kudzima mashoo.
Kunyangwe pakati peavo vari padyo naPutin, pane kusawirirana. Gurukota rezvekudzivirirwa Sergei Shoigu, Mukuru Wemauto Valeri Gerasimov, FSB (aimbova KGB) Director Alexander Dvornikov, kana Black Sea Fleet Commander-in-Chief Admiral Igor Osipov vanoita sevasina kupenda chero chinhu.
Sezvinei anochengetedza zvinzvimbo zvake, asi Putin haachavimbi navo pakuita zvisirizvo izvo zvinogumbura, nekuda kwenhamba huru yevakakuvara uye nekunonoka kuri kuitika kwemauto.
Nyanzvi yezvematongerwo enyika Stanislav Belkovski anoramba achiti "Putin akatotanga kutungamira mauto muUkraine" nemirairo yakananga kuvakuru vari pasi. Mumashoko ake, "Operation Z inoramba iri pasi pekutonga kwaPutin. Hapana kana munhu mumwe chete anogona kupa mhinduro yaasingafarire”. Mutungamiri weRussia, mutongo weBelkovsky, "anobvuma kuti kutanga kwekugumbura hakuna kubudirira uye chaifanira kunge chiri blitzkrieg chakakundikana. Ndosaka akatora murairo, sezvakaitwa naTsar Nicholas II muHondo Yenyika Yokutanga. "
Huwandu hwepamusoro hwevakabatwa pakati pevagari vekuUkraine, hutsinye hwakaitwa muBucha, vakakuvara zvakanyanya kumativi ese, kuparadzwa kwemaguta ese, sezvakaitika kuMariupol, uye kusavapo kwenharo dzakasimba dzinopembedza hondo hadzina kurambidza Putin nezvekudiwa. kudududza. Simba rake rakazara rinomubvumira kufuratira zano ripi neripi rine musoro mukushayikwa kweanopikisa uye imwe nzira yekubatana.
Hapana munhu akanyanya kuisa simba rakawanda kudaro mumakore zana
Uye ndezvekuti hapana chero munhu muRussia mumakore anopfuura zana akaisa simba rakawanda kuti azvibvumire humbozha hwekuita ega. Akatozvibvumira kuratidza vaaibata navo vepedyo pachena, sezvakaitika muna Kukadzi 21, mazuva matatu mushure mekutanga kwehondo yeUkraine, apo pamusangano weSecurity Council, yakatepfenyurwa pachiteshi chikuru cheterevhizheni, akanyadzisa mutungamiriri we. Iyo Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR), Serguei Naryskin.
Munguva yetsarist, korona yeRussia yaive imwezve muenzaniso weabsolutism muEurope panguva iyoyo, asi simba remadzishe aya dzimwe nguva raigovaniswa mumaoko ehama nevanoda. Mumwe wevatambi vakanyanya kupesvedzera Nicholas II muzvisarudzo zvake aive mumongi Grigori Rasputin, aiziva kuona Alejandra se "chiedza".
Pashure peChimurenga chaOctober (1917), simba romutungamiriri waro, Vladimir Lenin, pasinei zvapo nokuva akasimba, rakanyudzwa neimwe nzira pasi pokudzora kweSoviet nePolitburo, dare rinodzora rakakwirira zvikuru uye pahwaro hwechigarire. Gare gare, naJoseph Stalin atova muKremlin, zvirongwa zvakarukwa pamwero weCentral Committee yeCommunist Party uye Politburo, dzimwe nhengo dzayo dzakaguma dzakacheneswa, dzakatumirwa kuGulag kana kupfurwa. Stalin akaisa hudzvinyiriri hune ropa, asi dzimwe nguva achitungamirirwa nePolitburo kana dzimwe nhengo dzayo, sezvakaita Lavrenti Beria.
Kudzora kweCentral Committee uye Politburo
Vese vanyori vakuru veCPSU vaive nehuremu hunopfuura huremu panguva yekuita sarudzo, asi pasina hutungamiriri hwebato kusavaona. Kusvika pakuti, sezvakaitika kuna Nikita Khrushchev, vanogona kudzingwa. Vamwe vese kubva ipapo zvichienda mberi (Leonid Brezhnev, Yuri Andropov, Konstantin Chernenko naMikhail Gorbachev) vakamanikidzwa kudzikamisa mukati mevatungamiriri vakuru kubva kuCongresses yeBato, Central Committee uye Politburo.
Mushure mekuparara kweUSSR, mutevedzeri waPutin, Borís Yeltsin, akafora paBumbiro idzva rine chimiro chemutungamiri wenyika. Vakaita izvi mushure mekurwisana neParamende, iyo yavakarwisa zvisina tsitsi. Asi Yeltsin, zvisinei, aive pasi pemasimba echokwadi akadai sebhizinesi, vezvenhau uye akadzorwa kune imwe nhanho neParamende. Airemekedzawo vatongi. Sarudzo, zvisinei nekukanganisa kwakawanda, dzakatsanangurwa se "democracy" neInternational Community. Mutungamiri wekutanga wepost-Soviet Russia aifanirawo kubata nemauto, kunyanya mushure mekutanga hondo ine njodzi muChechnya.
Mutungamiriri weRussia aripo, zvisinei, kubva panguva yekutanga, akatanga kubvisa hutongi husina kukwana hwakavakwa nemudzidzisi wake. Chekutanga, yakasimbisa masimba ayo anga atowanda kusvika yawana hutungamiriri hunofananidzwa chete neiyo yaivepo panguva yaStalin, kunyangwe nekuonekwa kwedemokrasi. Akabva aita kuti pfuma ichinje mawoko, kunyanya muchikamu chemagetsi, ichifarira vemabhizimisi veSone. Nekudaro, yakaita kuvharwa kwenyika kwezvikamu zvikuru zvehupfumi.
Mushure mokunge atora nepepanhau rakazvimirira. Nhepfenyuro dzeterevhizheni, zviteshi zveredhiyo uye mapepanhau makuru zvakatorwa nemakambani ehurumende, akadai seGazprom energy monopoly, kana nemakambani anotungamirwa nemaoligarchs akavimbika kumutungamiri wenyika.
kupfuura Stalin
Danho rakatevera raive rekusimudza iro rainzi "vertical power", izvo zvinozoita kuti sarudzo dzemagavhuna wematunhu dzibviswe, mutemo webato unodzvinyirira uye unopokana, kuongororwa kusati kwamboitika kwemasangano asiri ehurumende uye kubvumidzwa kwemutemo unopikisa mhirizhonga iyo. anopa mhosva chero munhu asingagoverane maonero epamutemo.
Matare maviri eParamende, akatorwa nebato reKremlin «United Russia», ichokwadi maappendages eHutungamiri uye Ruramisiro ibhande rekutapurirana zvido zvavo zvezvematongerwo enyika sezvakaratidzwa mukubiridzira kwakajeka, kusanganisira iyo yavanochengeta mutirongo. mutungamiri mukuru anopikisa, Alexei Navalni.
Sezvo Navalni ave achishora, muRussia kupatsanurwa kwemasimba hakupo, kana sarudzo dzechokwadi dzedemocracy, sezvo, maererano nekubvunza kwake, kunyengera kwemhedzisiro yekuvhota kwakajairika. Putin akamuita kuti achinje Bumbiro muna 2020 kuti akwanise kuunza mamwe matemu maviri, ayo aizoramba ari pamusoro wenyika kusvika 2036.
Kuti abvise hutongi hwejekerere hwaakavakira pane akatangira, Putin agara achishandisa masevhisi ehungwaru. Kudiwa kwe "simba rakasimba" kwaigara kuchiva naye. Mumugwagwa iwoyo, vakawanda vakapedzisira vava mujeri. Vamwe vakapfurwa kana kuisirwa muchetura pasina, kazhinji, kukwanisa kujekesa kuti ndiani akapa mhosva. Huwandu hwevakatapwa vezvematongerwo enyika huri kuwedzera uye ikozvino, mushure mekupinda kweUkraine, yakawedzera kusvika pakuti mutungamiri weRussia akakwanisa kubvisa nyika yevanopikisa.
Mhedzisiro yeiyi hutsinye mutemo ndeyekuti Putin abvisa chero counterweight. Ane simba rakafanana neraStalin uye zvakatowanda, nekuti haafanire kupindura kune chero "central committee". Iye pachake anosimbisa kuti chete "vanhu" vanogona kubvunza zvisarudzo zvake, kumuisa murairo kana kumubvisa. Uye izvo zvinoyerwa nesarudzo idzo vanomupikisa vakagara vachifunga kuti dzakabirirwa. Saka mutungamiri ega ndiye chete nzvimbo yesarudzo muRussia, iye ega anopa mirairo maererano nekupindira kwezvombo muUkraine.
