+ infoKurudziro yemumiriri mutsva weRussia ari kusiya Royal Palace munguva dzaAlfonso XIII.César Cervera@C_Cervera_MUpdated: 04/07/2022 01:54h
Hukama pakati peRussia neSpain hwakamisikidzwa nechinhambwe, geography uye tsika. Nyika mbiri idzi dzakasangana munzvimbo dziri kure seAlaska kana California, vakagovana vanhu venhoroondo vakaita saJosé de Ribas, muvambi weOdessa, kana mainjiniya Agustín de Betancourt, uye vanototakura ngano nhema pamapfudzi avo kubva kuAnglo-Saxon. nyika nemaGerman haavakweveri senzvimbo dzehutsinye, asi hukama hwavo hwakatetepa nanhasi. Hondo muUkraine uye kutya kwenyika dzakavakidzana dze bellicose muvakidzani weRussia chinhu icho kune veSpanish, kusiyana nenyika zhinji dzeEU, inonzwika kure.
Pasina kuyanana kwezvido zvehupfumi kana zvematongerwo enyika pakati peOrthodox Russia neCatholic Spain, kudyidzana pakati penyika mbiri idzi dzaive nyaya kusvika Zera razvino.
Muna 1519, Mambo Charles V akazivisa Grand Duke Basil III weMoscow nezvokupinda kwake pachigaro choUmambo Hutsvene hweRoma, uye makore mana gare gare akashanyirwa nomumiririri aishingaira.
+ infoNicolas II, akarindwa nemasoja akati wandei.
Munguva yekutonga kwaCharles II, wekupedzisira Habsburg, Fedor II weRussia akatumira ane simba Pedro Ivanowitz Potemkin kuMadrid, uyo aizopa iyo yakakurumbira yehondo nhamba, ichitungamirira vanhu makumi maviri. Potemkin, uyo akadzokorora kushanya makore gare gare, achave asingafi mune pendi yakachengetedzwa nhasi muPrado Museum uye inoratidza exoticism yemumiriri wekutanga uyu kuSpain. Chinangwa chemishoni iyi yaive yekuwana tsigiro yeHispanic Monarchy yeRussia nhaurirano dzerunyararo nePoland uye kutarisana kwayo neHumambo hweOttoman, kunyangwe izvi zvisina kuitika mune chero chinhu chakasimba.
kutsvaga shamwari
VaSpain vakapinda mukurwisana kwenharaunda nevaRussia pamusoro peAlaska munguva yaCarlos III. Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos akatumirwa kuMoscow semumiriri weplenipotentiary kuti adzikise kusawirirana uye kuvhara chibvumirano chekuti, ne13 Colonies kugadzira ramangwana USA, inogona kuvandudzwa kune ese masimba. Kutanga kwezana ramakore idzva kwakatambura nzira, mune iyi nyaya kubva kuSpain yaFernando VII, yakanangana naTsar Alexander I, uyo semukundi wehondo dzeNapoleon akaramba ari padanho reEurope sechiratidzo chikuru chemadzimambo makuru.
Vasingadiwi Vasingadiwe havana kungotendeukira kuRussia kuti vavakezve mauto ake, izvo zvakaguma nenjodzi yakaipisisa, asi akatarisa kuTsar semhinduro kumatambudziko ake makuru nevakasununguka. Asati atendeukira kuhama dzake dzeChirungu kuti amise Liberal Triennium, Mambo weSpain akakumbira Tsar iri kure yeRussia kuti itumire mauto kupeninsula. Alejandro, asingadi kudzorwa nezvinetso zvake zvomukati, akaramba noruremekedzo kokero yacho.
Vasingadiwi Vasingadiwe havana kungotendeukira kuRussia kuti vavakezve mauto ake egungwa, izvo zvakaguma nenjodzi yakaipisisa, asi akafunga nezveTsar semhinduro kumatambudziko ake nevakasununguka.
Pachiitiko chekugadzwa kuchigaro cheTsar Alexander II weRussia (1856) akadzoreredza mabatiro, akatyoka kubva paFirst Carlist War, pakati penyika mbiri idzi. Mutongi weOsuna aishamisira akaita basa iri somumiriri kuSt. Petersburg, kwaakakunda kudiwa nedare uye akaita basa guru renzanga, rezvematongerwo enyika, uye rezvematongerwo enyika. Kunyange zvazvo kwakanga kusati kwasvika muna July 1858 kuti akagadzwa se "nhume isingawanzoitiki uye gurukota replenipotentiary pedyo naMambo weRussia", Tsar pachake akanga ambomupa rubatsiro rwakanyanya chete shure kwemumiriri weFrance. Saizvozvo, akaisa Grand Cross yeImperial Order yeSan Alejandro Nerki.
+ infoSpanish yeBlue Division.
Mazuva iwayo akabatana nekufarira kuri kuwedzera kwevazivi veSpanish muRussia. Muna 1857, Juan Valera akanyora 'Tsamba Dzinobva kuRussia' Munguva yake somumiriri muMoscow uye muzana rose iroro rose, mabhuku aTolstoy naDostoevsky akakwanisa kusvika kuSpain kuburikidza, kupfuura zvose, shanduro dzechiFrench. Mumwe mumiriri weSpain, Julián Juderías, mutsigiri mukuru wepfungwa ye "black legend" yakabatana neSpain, aive mumwe wekutanga kuziva rusaruro rwusina musoro rwakatenderedza Russia uye kuti vane zvakawanda zvakafanana nenyika yavo.
Pakuvamba kwezana remakore rapfuura, nzvimbo dzevaJudha, vaitaura chiRussian, vakashora mu 'Rusia contemporary' (Madrid: Imp. Fortanet, 1904), rimwe remabhuku ake ekutanga, chiono chakamonyana icho Europe yaive nacho chenyika ino nekuda kwesimba. yeparaganda kubva kuGermany, France neGreat Britain. Nguva gare gare akaita zvimwe chetezvo nenhau yeSpain. Izvo zvinodiwawo kutaura nezvebasa raSofía Casanova (1862-1958) muABC achiburitsa nebvudzi nezviratidzo zvaiitika muRussia.
Chengetedza Tsar segungwa
Hukama hwemhuri pakati peAlfonso XIII (mudzimai wake Victoria Eugenia wekuBattenberg aive mukoma wekutanga weTsarina uye vakagovana naye nhamo yekuva nevana vane haemophiliac) uye mhuri yaTsar Nicholas II yakasimbisa hukama pakati pematare ese ari maviri pakutanga kwemakumi maviri. zana remakore, apo hondo yehondo yaidiwa neHondo Huru yakarova vaRomanovs vakafa muna 1917, vachimutsa simba rinoparadza secommunism.
SaAlfonso XIII, the Tsar, mupengo anobva kuSpanish sherry, aisaziva kuverenga nguva yake, uye haana kuteerera kukomba kwechimurenga chakazopedzisira chamubvisa chigaro chake chekutanga, tevere rusununguko rwake uye pakupedzisira rusununguko rwake. hupenyu. Pasina kuziva kuguma kwemhuri yakaurayiwa nevaBolsheviks, Alfonso XIII nehurumende yake yakapa hutiziro kuna Tsar, kunyanya kuitira kuti agare muLa Toja, chitsuwa cheGalician icho nhasi chinogara spa.
VaBolshevik vakazoziva mutongo werufu waTsar Nicholas II, uyo akaonekwa nehurumende yemakominisiti "ane mhosva pamberi pevanhu vemhosva dzisingaverengeki dzeropa". Pamusoro pezvakaitika kuhama dzake dzose vakaramba vakanyarara, izvo zvakapa Alfonso tariro yokukwanisa kuvaponesa. Lenin nevamwe vake vakashandisa nhaurirano kuti vabudise kubva kuSpain kucherechedzwa kwekodzero yehurumende yavo mukutsinhana nerusununguko rwemhuri, chimwe chinhu chavaive vasingakwanise kutevedzera. Alfonso XIII akarasa tariro, asi akatadza kusimbisa nhau dzinosiririsa.
+ infoYeltsin naFélix Pons Vanokwazisana Maoko.
Mafungiro ese pamusoro peRussia akachinja neRevolution. Kutya kweimwe communism uye kufarira kwevamwe kune iyi pfungwa kwakawedzera padanho repaganda izvo muSpain zvaive zvisina kukosha zvakakurumbira. Pasina kana panguva yeRepublic Yechipiri hapana mauto emakomunisti akawana rutsigiro rwakakura rwesarudzo, muchikamu chePSOE, nevamiriri veMarxist pachena, havana kufukidza iyi ideological spectrum pakati peruzhinji. Mukusarudzwa kwe1933, PCE yakangokunda chigaro chimwe chete, uye muna 1936 ndiyo yaiva yechitanhatu yakavhota yakawanda mumamiriro ezvinhu apo mashizha ose akakura. Kana communism yakawana kukosha kwaive, pamusoro pezvose, nekuda kwesarudzo yaLargo Caballero yezvematongerwo enyika yekubatanidza vechidiki vesocialist uye communist muJSU (kwaive Santiago Carrillo).
Slate uye account nyowani
Pakatanga Hondo Yenyika, chiono cheRussia chakawedzera kupararira. Stalin's USSR yakatsigira mari yakawanda yegoridhe kuRepublic Yechipiri uye yakaedza kupindira mune zvematongerwo enyika. Mashoko anoparadzirwa echiFrancost akakurudzira kutya vaSoviet kuti, ‘VaRussia vari kuuya!’ MuHondo Yenyika II, akatsigira kutumirwa kwevazvipiri veSpain kunorwa munzvimbo inonzi Blue Division munharaunda yeRussia. Muhondo imwe chete iyi, kwakanga kune vaichimbova verepublic vakawanda avo, pakati pavapoteri veSpain 6.000 XNUMX muSoviet Union, vakarwa muuto ravo.
+ infoFinal yeEuropean Championship yakapokana pakati peSpain neRussia.
Zvibvumirano pakati penyika mbiri idzi zvakadzorerwa zvishoma nezvishoma kubva 1963 zvichienda mberi uye zvakadzorerwa zvakakwana muna 1977. Franco aigara akafukunura fungidziro yeU.SSR pamusoro penyika yose kuti apembedze basa rake renyika dzakawanda semubatsiri weU. Mafainari eEuropean Championship muna 1964, akatambwa muna Chikumi 21, 1964 muSantiago Bernabéu Stadium, akatarisana neSpain neSoviet Union nemhedzisiro yakanaka yerojigualda. Zviitiko zvemitambo seizvi ndidzo dzainyanya kusangana nenyika mbiri idzi mukati memakumi emakore iwayo.
Nekuparara kweUSSR, Spain yakagadzirisa zvizere hukama hwekudyidzana neRussian Federation yakazvimirira muna Zvita 9, 1991. kuSpain. Nokuda kwake, Mambo Juan Carlos I akashanyira Russia mumakore akatevera achiedza kuvandudza kurukurirano dzezvemari netsika.
Kubva muna 2014, hukama neSpain, sezvakaita EU, hwakabvumirana nekunetsana kweRussia neUkraine uye nekupindira kunonzi kweRussia muCatalonia Process. Vakatarisana nekutaura kuti Russia iri kutyisidzira neimwe pfungwa kuSpain, Vladimir Putin akavadana "chinhu chitsva chisina maturo" uye akasimbisa kuti maRussia anoda Spain. Zvinoenderana ne2021 data, 79.485 vanhu vane nyika yeRussia vanogara muSpain, inomiririra yakaderera nhamba kupfuura 112.034 Ukrainians.
