Zaka makumi atatu sizinali zabwino kudziwonetsera okha motsutsana ndi utsogoleri wa ndale wa USSR. Mpaka nthawi ya nkhondo, kukwera kwa chipani cha Nazi komanso mkangano waukulu waku Europe ku kontinenti yakale, Chimbalangondo chachikulu cha ku Russia chinawonjezera kupondereza kwakukulu kwa a Stalinist komwe kwatsika m'mbiri monga Kuyeretsa Kwakukulu. Kapena Great Terror, monga wolemba mbiri waku Britain Robert Conquest ndikumenya nkhondo yolimbana ndi mizukwa yotsutsana ndi wolamulira wankhanza wamagazi Iósif Stalin. Ziwerengerozi zimadziwonetsera okha: anthu oposa milioni ndi theka anamangidwa ndikuthamangitsidwa ku Gulags ambiri ndi NKVD, People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs. Ndipo mwa iwo, 750.000 anaphedwa. Pali zochepa zotsimikizira za Great Purge yokonzedwa ndi Comrade Supreme. Ndipo, ngakhale zili choncho, zipsera zikupitiriza kuwoneka zomwe zimatsimikizira kutengeka kwa Stalin poyeretsa otsutsa a USSR. Umboni waposachedwa wapezedwa ndi gulu lapadziko lonse la akatswiri odziwa za majini ochokera ku Pomeranian Medical University. Akatswiri atsimikizira, ndi kugunda kwa DNA kusanthula, chizindikiritso cha anthu atatu aku Georgia omwe adapezeka pafupi ndi nyumba ya amonke ku Batumi, kumwera chakumadzulo kwa dera. Onsewa, ozunzidwa ndi Kuopsa Kwakukulu kwa zaka makumi atatu. Umboni wachisanu ndi chiwiri wa misala ya Politburo, koma chofunikira kwambiri pazasayansi ndi mbiri yakale. Stalin, pamndandanda wa zokamba zake za ABC Phunziroli, lochitidwa ndi gulu lalikulu la asayansi ochokera ku mayunivesite osiyanasiyana, adayamba ndikupeza mabwinja a anthu 27 omwe adazunzidwa ndi Great Purge mu nyumba ya amonke yomwe tatchulayi. Akatswiriwa adzalangiza za kupeza DNA ya wakufayo kuchokera ku mafupa awo ndipo adzalimbikitsidwa kuti akonzenso mbiri yawo. Ntchito yovuta, koma yosatheka. Cholinga chachikulu chinali kudziwa kuti iye ndi ndani kuti abwezeretse mtendere kwa mbadwa zake. "Gulu la anthu omwe mwina anaikidwa m'manda kumeneko linasankhidwa pogwiritsa ntchito deta ya mbiri yakale ya Georgian ndi America ndi kafukufuku wa anthropological monga maziko," adatero Andrzej Ossowski, mkulu wa Dipatimenti ya Forensic Medicine ku Pomeranian Medical University. "Malesitilanti omwe adapezeka adasungidwa bwino ndipo zitsanzo sizinatilole kupeza mbiri yabwino kwambiri," Ossowski adauza 'Sayansi ku Poland'. Gawo loyambali likutsatiridwa ndi njira yotolera ma genetic ofananiza kuchokera kwa mabanja omwe akuti akhudzidwa. Kuwonjezera pa mawu, iwo anali ndi mzere wachindunji ndi osawerengeka ofuna. Ndipo panali njira imodzi yokha yochotsera zosadziwika: kutengera mayeso ndi mayeso ambiri. Ntchitoyo inapindula ndipo pamapeto pake anaulula za anthu amene anaphedwawo n’kupeza achibale awo. Ntchito yomwe yachitika bwino yomwe ikuwonetsa, kwa nthawi yakhumi, momwe misala ya Comrade Stalin idapita. Kuyeretsa Kwakukulu Monga madzi oundana, nsonga ya kuponderezedwa kwa a Stalinist inali chakudya chochepa chabe cha anthu onse omwe anamwalira. Kuchokera mu 1930 zomwe zimatchedwa Great Purge kapena Great Terror of Stalin zikuchitika. Mazana a mamembala a chipani cha Soviet Communist Party, socialists, anarchists ndi otsutsa adazunzidwa, kuyesedwa ndipo potsirizira pake kuthamangitsidwa, kutsekeredwa m'ndende kapena kuphedwa m'misasa yachibalo ya gulag. Zonsezi zimatchedwa Stalin kuti aphatikize mphamvu zake ndi kuyeretsa Trotskyist ndi Leninist kusagwirizana ndi ziwalo zonse Soviet. Mwa mamembala asanu ndi limodzi a Politburo yoyambirira (bungwe lolamulira lapamwamba), Stalin yekha ndiye adapulumuka, pomwe anayi adaphedwa ndipo Trotsky, yemwe adathamangitsidwa, adaphedwa ku Mexico mu 1940. Monga mukudziwira, mwa nthumwi 1.966 za Msonkhano wa 1934 wa Chipani cha Komyunizimu umene unachitikira mu 1.108, XNUMX anamangidwa ndi kutsekeredwa m’ndende chifukwa cha kuphedwa nthaŵi zambiri. Anzake awiri a October Revolution, Stalin ndi Lenin mu 1917 ABC Ndondomeko ya gulag iyi inakhudzanso Red Army. Atatu mwa magawo asanu; 13 mwa akazembe ankhondo 15; 8 mwa 9 admirals; 50 mwa akazembe 57 a magulu ankhondo; 154 mwa akuluakulu akuluakulu 186; ma commissars onse ankhondo ndi 25 mwa 28 ankhondo a commissars mu Soviet Union anazengedwa mlandu ndikuweruzidwa pazifukwa zandale. Chotsatira chake chinali kuchepetsedwa kwa mphamvu zogwirira ntchito za asilikali kuti awonjezere kukhulupirika kwa malingaliro pamaso pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse yomwe yayandikira. Atsogoleri otengeka koma osadziwa zambiri. Pogwirizana ndi Kuyeretsa Kwakukulu, Stalin anayamba ndondomeko yake yosintha dziko la Russia kuchoka ku dziko laulimi kupita ku dziko lotukuka, lotha kulimbana ndi zofunikira zaumisiri pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse komanso pambuyo pa Cold War. Zolinga zazaka zisanu za chuma cha dziko la USSR zinapangitsa kuti makampani apite patsogolo, makamaka peso, pamtengo wa nsembe yaikulu ya Moyo. Kusakhazikika kwaulimi kunayambitsa, m'gawo lake loyamba, njala yayikulu m'gawo lonse la Soviet pakati pa 1932 ndi 1933. kukhala ambiri mwa akufa ochokera ku Ukraine. Osati pachabe, wolemba mbiri waku Britain Robert Conquest anachenjeza, m'buku lake 'Kukolola zowawa: Soviet collectivization and the famine of terror', kuti, ngati chitsanzocho chiwonjezeke kuchokera ku 1930 mpaka 1937, alimi akufa amauka ku Ukraine miliyoni khumi ndi imodzi. Anthu a ku Kazakh miliyoni imodzi adzadutsa mu njala imeneyi chifukwa anakakamizika kukhala pansi ndi kulandidwa ng'ombe zawo; panthawiyi, malire ndi Ukraine adataya chakudya. Pofuna kukakamiza kusonkhanitsa ulimi m'derali, Stalin anayamba nkhondo yeniyeni yolimbana ndi 'kulaks', eni ake achuma, kotero kuti njalayo inawononga anthu akumidzi ndikufalikira kumizinda. Apolisi achinsinsi amayang'ana mwachisawawa ndikugawira chakudya chobisika kwa anthu wamba. Anthu zikwi mazana ambiri a ku Ukraine anathamangitsidwa m’mapologalamu olamulira atsamunda ku Siberia, pamene anali kukumana ndi mikhalidwe ya kudya anthu pakati pa awo amene anaumirira kukhala m’dziko la makolo awo. “Usiku uliwonse amabweretsa mitembo pafupifupi 250, yomwe ambiri mwa iwo alibe ziwindi. The wachotsedwa mwa kudula kwambiri. Apolisi adayang'anira ena 'odula ziwalo' omwe amavomereza kuti ndi nyama imeneyo adapanga pirozki (zidumplings) zomwe zimagulitsidwa nthawi yomweyo pamsika", kazembe wina wakunja yemwe adalembapo kale zithunzi za zoopsa zomwe zidachitika ku Kharkov. Pamene 'Holodomor' inafika pachimake, pafupifupi anthu 25.000 anali kufa tsiku lililonse ku Ukraine. Standard Related News Ayi Pomaliza awulula zomwe asitikali aku Spain Tercios anali: "Panalinso pikemen wakuda" Manuel P. Villatoro Juan Víctor Carboneras akuwulula pa ABC chithunzi cha loboti cha omenyera a Golden Age kudzera mu chikalata chopezeka mu General Archive of Simancas Kwa imfa zonse zomwe zidachitika mwachindunji ndi malamulo a Stalin, ovulala omwe adachokera ku Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse akhoza kuonjezedwa. Pankhondo imeneyi, Stalin anagonjetsa mgwirizano ndi Nazi Germany kumayambiriro kwa nkhondo mpaka nkhondo yamagazi yolimbana ndi asilikali a Germany omwe, mpaka pamene Soviet analanda Berlin, anapha asilikali 8,5 miliyoni ndi anthu wamba 17 miliyoni, komanso kutayika. 30% ya chuma chachilengedwe chonse cha USSR. Wolamulira wankhanzayo adapanga zida zosauka komanso maphunziro a amuna ake potengera omenyera nkhondo ambiri: unyinji wosalekeza wa asitikali ndiwo zida zake zabwino kwambiri pankhondo. Koma Stalinism inakhala ndi kupha anthu aku Russia okha. Pakati pa 1940 ndi 1941, anthu 170.000 a mayiko a Baltic anathawira kumisasa ya Soviet Union. Ndipo, m'zaka zotsatira, kuthamangitsidwako kunabwerezedwa mpaka kufika 10% ya anthu omwe kale anali maiko a Baltic, anthu pafupifupi 250.000, kuphatikizapo akuluakulu ndi aluntha. Momwemonso, kuphedwa kwa Katyn mu 1940 kunayambitsa kugwetsedwa kwa dziko lonse la Poland.
