Anthu a ku Valencian adayambitsa ndondomekoyi ndi mlandu wa kachilombo ka Marburg mwa bambo wazaka 34 yemwe adapereka ma syndromes ogwirizana ndi kutsekeredwa m'ndende, mofanana ndi Ebola komanso kupha 50%.
Wodwalayo anali ku Equatorial Guinea kwa nthawi yomwe ingagwirizane ndi makulitsidwe ndi kukula kwa kachilomboka komwe kunayambitsa malungo aakulu otaya magazi.
Mayeso awo achilengedwe amaperekedwa ku labotale yowunikira ya Carlos III Health Institute ku Madrid kuti atsimikizire komwe matendawa amathetsedwa, monga momwe Unduna wa Zaumoyo wanena m'mawu ake, omwe adzakhala oyamba kupezeka ku Spain.
Mwamunayo wasamutsidwa kuchokera kuchipatala chapadera ndipo amaloledwa ku High Level Isolation Unit ya La Fe Hospital ku Valencia. Mwanjira imeneyi, Health yawonetsa, idzatsimikizira chitetezo cha chisamaliro chake komanso chitetezo cha akatswiri azaumoyo omwe amamuchitira.
Pa February 13, akuluakulu a zaumoyo ku Equatorial Guinea ndi WHO adanena za kuphulika kwa nthawi yoyamba m'dzikoli atazindikira anthu asanu ndi anayi omwe amwalira ndi zizindikiro za hemorrhagic m'madera a Kie Ntem ndi Wele Nzas. Pachifukwa ichi, milandu 16 yomwe akuwakayikira idalembetsedwa ndipo anthu opitilira 4.300 adakhala kwaokha, ndikuletsa kuyenda kumalire ndi Cameroon ndi Gabon.
Matenda a Marburg amafalikira kwa anthu kudzera m'makoma a chipatsocho ndipo amafalikira pakati pa anthu pokhudzana mwachindunji ndi madzi a m'thupi kuchokera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo, malo ndi zipangizo.
Malinga ndi WHO, kupha kwake kumafika 88% ngati wodwalayo sakusamalidwa bwino. Matendawa adadziwika koyamba mu 1967 mumzinda wa Germany ngati chiwerengero. Kwa zaka zambiri, pakhala pali malipoti a milandu ku Germany, Serbia, Angola, Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Africa ndi Uganda. Zambiri mwaziphuphuzi, matenda a anthu amakhudzana ndi kukhala nthawi yayitali m'migodi kapena m'mapanga omwe amakhala ndi mileme ya Rousettus ndi omwe amalumikizana nawo.
Ndendende, Bungwe la Public Health Commission la Unduna wa Zaumoyo, ndi Lipoti la Zidziwitso, Mapulani Okonzekera ndi Kuvomerezeka Iwo adayankha Lachisanu lino ku 'Protocol of action for the early discovering and management of cases of Marburg virus disease', ndi malangizo operekedwa ku. Akatswiri azaumoyo.
Chikalatacho chimakumbukira kuti dziko la Spain limakhalabe ndi ubale wapamtima ndi Equatorial Guinea, pazachuma komanso pazachitukuko. M'malo mwake, ili ndi maulendo apaulendo olunjika ndi dziko la Africa, ngakhale ikuwonetsanso njira yapanyanja.
zizindikiro ndi mankhwala
Kachilombo ali ndi makulitsidwe nthawi pakati pa masiku asanu ndi khumi - imene si opatsirana- ndipo anachititsa febrile hemorrhagic matenda amene amayamba mwadzidzidzi ndi malungo, kupweteka kwa minofu, kufooka, mutu ndi odynophagia. Kenako, mu 50-80 peresenti ya odwala, kuwonongeka mwachangu limodzi ndi matenda am'mimba, kusapeza bwino m'mimba, nseru, kusanza, ndi kutsekula m'mimba kumachitika mkati mwa masiku awiri mpaka asanu.
Kukula kwa matenda kumawonjezeka 5-7 masiku ndi maculopapular zidzolo ndi hemorrhagic syndromes monga petechiae, mucosal magazi ndi m`mimba thirakiti. Kuonjezera apo, ndipo monga momwe lipotilo likusonyezera, zizindikiro za mitsempha (kusokonezeka, kugwidwa ndi kukomoka) zikhoza kuchitika pambuyo pake.
Kumayambiriro kwa kufalikira kumakhudzana ndi viraemia ndi maonekedwe a zizindikiro zoyamba, bwino panthawi ya makulitsidwe, pazochitika za anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka ndi asymptomatic, palibe kachilombo komwe kamapezeka m'magazi kapena m'madzi am'thupi, choncho palibe kachilombo koyambitsa matenda. Choncho, kuyambukizana kumayamba pamene zizindikiro zayamba ndi kupitilirabe malinga ngati muli kachilombo m'magazi.
Pakalipano palibe chithandizo chapadera kapena katemera wovomerezeka, kupatulapo kuti chithandizo chothandizira (madzi a m'mitsempha, mpweya wowonjezera, electrolytes, ndi zina zotero) zingathandize kwambiri zotsatira zachipatala. Komabe, mankhwala ena monga immunotherapeutics, interferon kapena antiviral akupangidwa kuti athetse matendawa.
