He ʻāina ʻo Kazakhstan ʻaʻole hiki i ke Komohana ke loaʻa nui, akā ʻo kona kūlana ma waena o ka Hikina a me ke Komohana a me kāna mau waiwai e hōʻike iā ia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana me ka paona hoʻolālā mua. A hoʻi kā lākou mau hana i ka hoʻonohonoho honua. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he kāleka hihiu paha ia i kēia pilikia a hōʻike ʻia i ke Komohana ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoikaika ikaika no Russia. Wahi a Mira Milosevic, he mea noiʻi ma ka Elcano Royal Institute, "ka mea kālaihonua ʻo Halford J. Manaʻo ʻo Mackinder ʻo Central Asia, a ʻo Kazakhstan hoʻi, ʻo ia ka 'honua honua' a ʻo ka mana e lanakila ai e paʻa i ke kī o ka honua. ʻO ka palapala kūlana o Kazakhstan ʻO nā kamaʻilio ʻana o Kazakhstan me ka EU e hilinaʻi ʻia i ka nāwaliwali o Russia… ʻO Susana Torres Polofesa ma IE University a me Associate Researcher ma ka Ukrainian Research Institute ma Harvard ʻAʻole no ka mea ʻole ʻo Kazakhstan ka mea hoʻolako i 60% o nā kumuwaiwai mineral i nā lā o ka USSR a ua kapa ʻia ʻo Dubai o ka stepe. ʻO ia, e like me ka IAEA, ka mea hana nui o ka uranium, kahi e hilinaʻi ai nā mea kanu nuklea a puni ka honua, e like me nā mea ma Farani, ma o ka hui Kazatomprom. Loaʻa iā ia kahi waiwai ma lalo o kona mau wāwae ma ke ʻano o ke kinoea a me ka aila ʻo ia ka mea paʻa ma ka ʻāina ʻelua i nā mālama hydrocarbon ma Asia. A he waiwai ia i nā ʻāina laha ʻole, ke gula a me nā minerala like ʻole, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka honua ʻeleʻele kaulana a kaulana ʻole a i ʻole 'chernozem', ʻo ia ka lepo momona loa o ka honua. Ua hana nā mea āpau i kekahi o nā mea hoʻolako nui o nā lako maka a ua kūpono ʻo ia ka pou o ka hoihoi no 23.700 biliona kālā i ka hoʻopukapuka haole ma 2021, e like me nā kikoʻī o nā mana Kazakh. A ma kēia ʻāina, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka puʻuwai o ka papahana lewa Lūkini me ka Baikonur cosmodrome, ʻo ia ka mea koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka rocket i ka honua. Eia kekahi, ʻo ia ka lua o ka miner cryptocurrency nui loa a hāʻawi i ka 18% o ka mana o ka pūnaewele puni honua e mālama i kēia kālā. ʻAʻole hoʻi e poina iā mākou he mahina wale nō ma mua o ke kaua, ua komo ʻo Ukraine i loko o nā haunaele i alakaʻi i ka Pelekikena Kazakh Tokayev e ʻae i ke komo ʻana o ʻekolu kaukani koa Lūkini e wāwahi i nā haunaele me nā pū. Related News Putin 'ē aʻe ikehu palapala 'āina, e ninau ana i kona mana honua "hiki ke kumu i ka pilikia nui" Alexia Columba Jerez Me ka enehana o Rosatom i ke kukulu ana i ka lana ana mea kanu a me ka mana o ka lako, Rusia destabilizes ka Europa Union Aka, mai ia manawa , ua lawe moʻolelo o ka mea Putin. ke hana nei ma Ukraine, a ua ʻike ʻia kona hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole iā Moscow ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻana i kāna hoʻolimalima pale, a hiki i nā ʻaelike me Kina. ma kāna papahana alanui Silk, a me Tureke. ʻO kekahi paio ʻē aʻe me Rūsia ʻaʻole i ʻike i nā repubalika haʻihaʻi pro-Russian o Lugansk a me Donentsk, ka mea i kapa ʻia e ka pāpāho Lūkini ma ke kua. A ʻo ka ʻōlelo hope loa ʻo ia i ka makahiki 2023 e hoʻi hou i ka alphabet Latin, e haʻalele iā Cyrillic. ʻO ka lima kiʻekiʻe Ua hoʻohui ʻia nā kamaʻilio i hoʻomaka me ʻEulopa, e hōʻike ana iā Rūsia ma ke ʻano he ʻano maoli, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka repubalika waiwai loa ma Central Asia. E like me ka wehewehe ʻana o Susana Torres, ka polopeka o ke kanaka ma ke Kulanui o IE a me ka mea noiʻi hui ma ka Harvard Ukraine Research Institute, "ʻO ka pilikia o Rūsia ʻaʻole i loli ke koena kālepa. Ua hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka lawe ʻana aku i nā hydrocarbons, a hiki iā ia ke hana pēlā no ka mea he mau ʻaelike maikaʻi loa me nā repubalika kahi e hele ai nā paipu kinoea, akā inā hāʻule kēia, hāʻule ka hoʻokele waiwai o Rūsia. A ʻoiai ke hana nei nā hoʻopaʻi iā Putin i ka pōʻino pili, aia nō ia i ka lima kiʻekiʻe. Akā inā paʻa ʻia nā ʻaelike e like me Kazakhstan, e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka mana a e pau ʻoe i nā kālā ʻē aʻe mai nā hoʻokuʻu kinoea. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻopiʻi ʻo Putin iā Kazakhstan pōkole, kuhikuhi ʻo Torres "ʻo nā repubalika Central Asia, aia ma ka Soviet orbit, he pilina haku me Russia. E mālama pono i ka mare ʻana. I kēia manawa, ua koi ʻo Rūsia e loaʻa i ke kaumaha ma ka wahi me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Kazakhstan, he kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ka hoʻokele waiwai a me ka heluna hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe. " Akā ʻaʻole ia i pale iā Tokayev mai ke kamaʻilio ʻana i ka EU e pili ana i nā ala hoʻopuka hou hydrocarbon. A ua hōʻike ʻo Reuters e hoʻomaka ana ʻo Kazakhstan e kūʻai aku i ka aila ma o ka pipeline Azeri e kāpae iā Rūsia. Akā ua wehewehe ʻo Torres "ʻo kahi paipu aila e hele ʻole ma Rūsia e hele i nā ʻāina i ʻaelike me Putin a he pilikia ia. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi paipu aila e hele ai ma ka Caspian. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka kūleʻa o nā kamaʻilio ʻana o Kazakhstan me ka EU e pili ana i ka nāwaliwali o Russia. A laila hiki iā ia ke kūkākūkā kūʻokoʻa me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe e hoʻokuʻu i kāna mau waiwai nui. Akā ke kali nei nā mea a pau ma ia wahi e ʻike inā hāʻule hope ka ʻauamo Lūkini. No ka mea aia wale no ka popoki, he ahaaina ka iole. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka waiwai o Kazakhstan ma ka loaʻa ʻana o ka GDP kiʻekiʻe loa i kēlā me kēia kapita ma ka ʻāina, a ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻāina he ʻumi me ka nui o nā kola kola nui ma ka honua, e like me ka ICEX, ka mea i alakaʻi iā ia e loaʻa nā kālā mai Kanada, Farani a i ʻole United Aupuni. Manaʻo ʻia nā mālama aila ma 30.000 miliona barela a ʻo ka OPEC e manaʻo ana i ka makahiki 2040 he 2,7 miliona barela. ʻO kēia ke kumu ʻo Kazakhstan kekahi o nā mea kūʻai aila 10 kiʻekiʻe ma ka honua. A manaʻo ka poʻe nunui ikaika e like me Chevron a me Exxon e hoʻolilo i $ 45.000 biliona ma 2024. Ma ka manawa like, he 2.400 biliona m3 ka mālama kinoea. A ʻo ka ʻāina pū kekahi i waena o nā mea kūʻai palaoa maikaʻi loa he ʻumi. Hoʻokumu ʻia kona mana atomika ma ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he nui nā mālama uranium ʻo Kazakhstan, e hōʻike ana i ka 43% o nā hana honua āpau. ʻO nā hui Lūkini e like me Rosatom e komo i nā mines Kazakh, a ʻo ka hui Kazatomprom he mau papahana me ka US. a i ʻole India. Pēlā nō, e loaʻa i kahi hoʻolālā hoʻolālā e pili ana i nā kulekele e hāpai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ikehu hou, me ka pahuhopu o ka hana ʻana i 50% o ka ikehu uila e 2050. Ua lawa kēia mau mea a pau i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa no Putin e hopohopo e pili ana i ka lilo ʻana o ka mana ma luna o ka wahi, ma ke ʻano he rapprochement me ʻEulopa, a me kahi Kina i kūpono ʻo Rūsia a ʻaʻole ia he mau hoa pili, he mau hoa. ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻohana ai ʻo Putin i ka CSTO, ka NATO Lūkini, e hoʻomalu a hoʻoikaika i nā pilina. No laila, ua komo ka poʻe Lūkini, e hoʻohana ana i kēia hui pūʻali koa, i Kazakhstan i Ianuali e hoʻopau i nā kūʻē, ka hoʻonui a me ka palaho i ka ʻāina. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Kumu Torres, “ʻO ka makaʻu o Kazakhstan, ua hana ʻo Rūsia i ka hana like me ia ma Georgia. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻo ia i ka poʻe Georgia no nā makahiki ma ka pani ʻana i nā loina o nā ʻāina a puni. A hiki i kahi aupuni kākoʻo-Russia a wehe hou i ka spigot o nā awa hoʻopuka. ʻO ia ka hoʻoweliweli huna akā inā hewa ʻo Rūsia, hiki i Kazakhstan ke kūkākūkā. " Eurasian Axis A me ke Alanui Silika Hou hiki i Kazakhstan ke axis o ke kālepa Eurasian, no ka mea, ʻo ia ka pili ʻāina pololei loa ma waena o Kina a me nā mākeke ʻEulopa. ʻOiai ke kūkulu nei ka pilikua ʻAsia i nā paipu kinoea a me ka aila ma ka ʻāina, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻo Putin i kahi mea. Pēlā nō, ʻo Kazakhstan, a me nā repubalika ʻē aʻe o ʻAsia Waena, e hana i kahi ʻano pale ma waena o Kina a me Rusia. ʻO ka mea wale nō e hoʻōki ai iā Kina a me Rūsia ʻo Mongolia a me nā repubalika ʻAsia Waena, no laila ʻo kēlā me kēia neʻe e hana ai e hoʻopau paha i ka pilina Sino-Russian. Ka mālama ʻana i ka mamao No ka mea noiʻi hui ma ka Harvard Ukraine Research Institute ma Kazakhstan aia kahi ʻike e hiki ke lilo i aupuni mōʻī. “Ua ʻike lākou i kā lākou waiwai a me nā mea hiki. ʻAʻole lākou makemake hou e lilo i ʻano mokuʻāina post-colonial. Makemake lākou e hiki ke hoʻopaʻa inoa i nā kuʻikahi me nā hui a me nā ʻāina ma waho o ka mana Lūkini a me ka hoʻoweliweli o kā lākou hoʻopaʻi. A ua kūpono ʻo ia ʻo Ukraine he kaua post-colonial, akā mai ka XNUMXst century a me nā mea kaua ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka pili o Kazakhstan, e wehewehe ana i ke kumu aʻo EI, ʻaʻole ia no ka demokala, akā no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kona ikaika a lilo i kūʻokoʻa, de facto, mai kahi kaikuaʻana authoritarian nāna i hoʻohana iā Kazakhstan ma kona pā hale maoli. No laila, no ka laʻana, ʻo ia ke kahua hoʻāʻo nuklea nui loa i ka mōʻaukala. Ua hoʻopau ʻo Russia i nā mea kaua nuklea ma ka ʻāina, me ka ʻole o ka ʻōlelo ʻana i ka heluna kanaka. I kēia manawa no Torres "ke ʻike nei mākou i ka ʻeha hope loa o ke aupuni hoʻokahi e waiho ʻia e decolonized, pēlā e ʻōlelo ai. A ʻo ia ke kāleka e makemake ai ʻo ʻAmelika i ka pāʻani. E hoʻokumu ʻia kahi alahele e hele mai Lisbon a i Kazakhstan mai NATO. A ʻo ʻEulopa ka hale waihona puke o ka hilinaʻi ikaika i loaʻa iā ia me ka bea Lūkini.
