ʻO nā kauwela - a me nā pūnāwai - e piʻi aʻe ana ka wela a maloʻo e hoʻopōʻino i nā kumu wai. Ua pilikia nā loko o Madrid i kēia mau hanana: ua hoʻomaka lākou i ka mahina o ʻApelila ma 68 pakeneka o ko lākou hiki, a he mau mahina ko lākou koi nui ma mua, ma kahi kaiāulu me ka nui o ka heluna kanaka ma ka ʻāina, 841 mau kānaka i kēlā me kēia kilomika square. Akā no ka hoʻopiha ʻana i nā waihona, helu ʻia kēlā me kēia hāʻule hope. A no ka hana ʻana i kēia, ke aʻo nei ke Kaiāulu pehea e kānana ai i ka nui o ka wai ma ka honua. ʻO kekahi mea no ka mea, i kekahi manawa, pono e wehe i nā lāʻau.
Ua hoʻokumu ka Ministry of Environment i ka papahana Hidroforest i nā mahina i hala aku nei, e mālama i nā mauna e hoʻopuni ana i nā waihona a hōʻoia i ka hiki ʻana o ka nui o ka wai iā lākou. Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole, ke ʻoki ʻana, ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā mea kanu, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ululāʻau, ke kanu hou ʻana, ka lahilahi, nā mea e pale ai i ka ʻāʻili ʻana o ka lepo ... nā mea a pau e hoʻonui i kona hiki ke hōʻiliʻili wai.
He polokalamu kālā ia me 4 miliona euros no ka Resilience Transformation and Recovery Plan, e komo pū ana me nā hana ma 570 mau ʻeka ma 27 mau wahi hoʻohana lehulehu ma 22 mauna mauna, mai Alameda del Valle a i Lozoya, Buitrago de la Sierra, Berzosa del Lozoya, La ʻO Hiruela a i ʻole Prádena del Rincón, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. "ʻO ka Community of Madrid - wehewehe i ka luna nui o Biodiversity and Natural Resources o ka Ministry of Environment, Luis del Olmo - pono i ka nui o ka wai e hoʻolako i ka ʻehiku miliona mau kānaka e noho ana ma laila, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke ʻae iā ia e nalowale. No kēia kumu, he mea nui e hana koke i ka pale ʻana i ka nui o ka ululāʻau a hana i ke ala maikaʻi loa, e ʻimi ana i ke kaulike ma waena o ka wai e pono ai nā ululāʻau a me nā mea e pono ai nā waihona.
ʻO kēia kahi o ka haʻawina eco-hydrological a ke Kuhina e hana nei me ka hui pū ʻana me ka Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV) e hele mai i ka pāʻani, e noiʻi i ke ʻano o nā ululāʻau o Madrid e hāʻawi i ka kānana wai, a me ka manaʻo e hoʻonui i kēia wai e hiki ai. ua kānana ʻia nā loko o ke kahawai ʻo Madrid ma kahi o 200.000 cubic mika i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
I mea e hiki ai kēia, e hana mua ʻia kahi noiʻi kūpono ma 1.000 square kilometers o ka ʻāina ma Sierra Norte, ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano o nā mea kanu a me ka helu o nā specimens i loaʻa, nā ʻano o ka ʻāina - nā mea hana - ka piʻi e hōʻike ai. , a i ʻole kona hiki ke kānana-, a me ke degere o ka haʻahaʻa o ka ea a i ʻole nā hola o ka malu ma kēlā me kēia wahi.
Ma muli o kēia hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo kahi maikaʻi loa e hoʻokō ai i ke aʻo ʻana ʻo ia ka moku ʻo Braojos. A ʻo kahi hui i hui pū me Antonio del Campo, ke kaukaʻi o ka nahele hydrology a me ka hoʻokele wai ma ka UPV, e hana ana ma laila no kekahi manawa. “Ua koho ʻia ka wahi no ka mea e kū ana i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona kumu no ka hana ʻana i ka wai ma o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ululāʻau: aia ia ma waenakonu o ka puʻu, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hana; ʻO kona mau pali mālie me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, nā lepo one me ka hiki ke kānana kiʻekiʻe; he nui ka ululāʻau a me ka lewa hau, kahi ʻaʻole nui ka evaporation, "i wehewehe ʻo ia.
Ke aʻo nei nā poʻe loea mai ke Kulanui Polytechnic o Valencia, me ka Canal de Isabel II, pehea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka pono o nā ululāʻau.
Manaʻo ka poʻe akamai, ʻo 2.500 mau kumulāʻau i kēlā me kēia ʻeka ma ia wahi, he 70 pakeneka ka liʻiliʻi loa a ʻaʻohe mea e hiki mai ana no ka mea e hoʻokūkū maikaʻi nā lāʻau nui no ka wai. Eia naʻe, "ʻo kēia mau mea hoʻohālike me ka hiki ke ulu liʻiliʻi e hoʻopau i ka 40 pakeneka o ka nui o ka wai e hoʻohana ai ka nahele e hana. Inā komo kēia nui o ka wai i ka lepo, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia he 200.000 cubic mika wai hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki no kēlā kīʻaha.
ʻO ia ke kumu o ka ululāʻau ecohydrological; E like me kā Polofesa Del Campo i hoʻopaʻapaʻa ai, “ma kahi ʻāina paʻa loa i nā kumulāʻau, pono ʻoe e hāʻawi i kēlā me kēia mea i ka wai e ua; kona mau mea ai ma ka papaaina. I loko o ka ululāʻau i hoʻopilikia ʻole ʻia, hoʻokaʻawale ke ʻano i nā mea nāwaliwali i ka manawa. "ʻO mākou nā mea ulu lāʻau e hoʻolalelale i kēia kaʻina hana no ka mea makemake ia i ke kanaka, a ʻo ia ke kumu e wehe ʻia ai nā lāʻau me ka wā e hiki mai ana." He ala ia e "hoʻopakele ai i ka hakakā ma waena o lākou, ʻo ia ka mea hoʻopau wai." A no laila 'ua nui ka wai, no ka mea, ʻaʻole pono ka poʻe i koe, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika, ʻoi aku ka wai i ke alo o ke ahi a i ʻole ke kauwela wela loa.'
Piezometers a me nā mea ʻike
Ma ke aʻo ʻana e hana ʻia e ka hui mai ka Polytechnic of Valencia, "ana mākou i ka wai, pehea ka neʻe ʻana, pehea kona kūlana i ka honua ...". No ka hana ʻana i kēia, hoʻohana lākou i nā piezometers (e ʻimi i ka ʻāina a ʻike i ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana o ka wai lepo), nā mea ʻike haʻahaʻa i ka lepo ("ʻike mākou i ka loli ʻana o ka hōʻailona ma muli o ka nui a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi o ka wai"); a hōʻiliʻili i ka transpiration mai ke kumu lāʻau (me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻike kahe kohu).
E hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka noiʻi a hiki i 2026, i mea e hōʻuluʻulu ai i nā ʻikepili e huki ai i nā hopena. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kumulāʻau he liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka lima a i ʻole ke keiki bipi, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kumu nui, he 30 kenimika ke anawaena. ʻO kēlā mau 70 pakeneka o nā mea hoʻohālike liʻiliʻi, "ma kahi o 50 pakeneka wale nō e pono e wehe ʻia, a no laila e hōʻoia i ka nui o ka wai e kahe ana i ka lepo."
I mua o nā ʻōlelo hōʻino e hiki ai i kēia ke hoʻāla i waena o ka poʻe kaiapuni, e hoʻomanaʻo ʻo "pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā ululāʻau; Ua launa mau me na kane; loaʻa iā mākou nā ululāʻau 'home'. I kona manaʻo, ua kōkua nā hoʻohana hou a me nā kumu o ka ikehu i mea e pono ai kēia: etc. ʻO ka nalowale o ka nahele he hopena. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻo ia, "inā hoʻomaʻemaʻe wau, hoʻemi au i ka hopena o ke ahi, hana wau i ka biomass a nui aʻe ka wai."
