Uma kubhekwa isimo somnotho esizithola sikuso kulo nyaka, kunanini ngaphambili, lubalulekile usizo lwemindeni enezingane. Ngalesi sizathu, sinokudla ephaketheni lezinyathelo zokuxhumana ezihlongozwe nguHulumeni waseSpain ngo-2023.
Kulezi zikhetho kufanele kwengezwe izinto ezintsha ezitholakala eMthethweni Womndeni oyimpikiswano othuthukiswe yiMinistries of Social Rights and Equality, okugunyazwayo kuhlelelwe ingxenye yokuqala yonyaka.
Siyakhumbula ukuthi lo mthetho ucindezela isihloko semindeni emikhulu kodwa uhlanganisa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ikhefu elikhokhelwayo elingamaphesenti angu-100 lezinsuku ezinhlanu ukuze unakekele isihlobo noma ohlala nabo.
Ngakho, lezi izinketho ezitholakalayo namuhla:
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Inzuzo yokubeletha nokunakekelwa
Bonke abasebenzi abajabulela isikhathi sokuphumula ngenxa yokuzalwa, ukutholwa noma ukuqashelwa komntwana oyedwa noma ngaphezulu, banamaviki angu-16 ekhefu atholakalayo kubo, anganwetshwa ezimeni ezithile. Amasonto ayisithupha okuqala okuphumula ayimpoqo kusukela ngesikhathi umntwana ezalwa noma ukutholwa noma ukunakekelwa okungeyona eyakho. "Amaviki angu-10 asele enziwa ngokuzithandela futhi angajatshulelwa ngezikhathi zamasonto onke, ngokuqhubekayo noma ngokungaphezi, phakathi nezinyanga ezingu-12 ngemva kokuzalwa noma isinqumo somthetho noma sokuphatha sokutholwa, ukugadwa noma ukunakekelwa kwengane ekungeyona eyakho," kuchaza umthetho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nzuzo ibheka lokho okufanele kwenziwe ezimweni ezithile:
- Labo abangasebenzi noma abase-ERTE kufanele bamise insizakalo yokungasebenzi ku-SEPE ukuze bacele ukuzalwa nokunakekelwa kwengane.
- Ukuzalwa okuningi noma ukutholwa: abazali bamawele banamasonto angu-17 kanti labo bama-triplets 18. Okusho ukuthi, ikhefu lomzali ngamunye likhuphuka isonto nesonto ngengane ngayinye yesibili.
- Abazali abangabodwa: banelungelo kuphela lamaviki ayi-16 akhokhelwayo. Kodwa imindeni eminingi iyasigxeka lesi simo futhi amajaji afaka isizathu sokuba imvume yokucwasa mayelana nokunakekelwa kwengane. Kunhlangano Yemindeni Yomzali Oyedwa (FAMS) unalo lonke ulwazi.
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Inzuzo yomndeni yokukhokha eyodwa yokuzalwa noma yokutholwa
Kuyinzuzo yezomnotho yesilinganiso esiphezulu sama-euro kuphela emindenini eminingi, abazali abangabodwa, omama abakhubazekile abalingana noma abangaphezu kuka-65% futhi uma kwenzeka ukuzalwa kaningi noma ukutholwa, "inqobo nje uma izinga elithile lemali engenayo" okucatshangwa ngumthetho. Kuxhunywe kwi-website ye-Social Security uthe usizo.
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Ukudonswa komama
Usizo lwama-euro ayi-100 ngenyanga ingane ngayinye engaphansi kweminyaka engu-3 ubudala, noma ama-euro angu-1.200 ngonyaka, ibilokhu ihloselwe abesifazane abasebenzayo. Kodwa-ke, kuyimali ebanjwayo futhi omama abangasebenzi abafanelekile. Icutshungulwa nge-Ejensi Yentela.
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Isengezo sokusiza izingane
Kuyinzuzo emelene nobumpofu bezingane abahlomuli bakhona abangamalungu ophiko lokuhlalisana olusesimweni esibucayi kwezomnotho, olugunyazwe kucatshangelwa impahla yabo, izinga lemali engenayo nemali engenayo. Bheka izidingo ngokuningiliziwe kuwebhusayithi ye-Minimum Living Income.
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Usizo lwengane ekhubazekile
Amanani ayahlukahluka kuye ngesimo ngasinye:
- Izingane noma abancane abathembele, abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 ubudala, abanokukhubazeka okulingana noma okungaphezulu kwama-33%.
- Izingane ezineminyaka engaphezu kuka-18 ubudala kanye nokukhubazeka okulingana noma ngaphezulu kuka-65%.
- Izingane ezineminyaka engaphezu kuka-18 ubudala kanye nokukhubazeka okulingana noma ngaphezulu kuka-75%.
-Izingane noma izingane ezincikile, ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18, ngaphandle kokukhubazeka (umbuso wesikhashana).
Lonke ulwazi oluqondile mayelana nalokhu likuwebhusayithi Yezokuphepha Komphakathi.
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Izinzuzo zezomnotho zokutholwa okuningi
I-Social Security inosizo lokukhokha olulodwa "lokunxephezela, ngokwengxenye, ukukhuphuka kwezindleko ezikhiqizwa emindenini ngokuzalwa noma ngokutholwa kwezingane ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ngokuzalwa noma ukutholwa okuningi." Ibalwa ngokusekelwe emalini ephansi yeholo labasebenzi, inani lezingane futhi uma kukhona ukukhubazeka okukhulu noma okukhulu kuno-33%.
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Ukubanjwa ngenombolo yomndeni
Lolu wusizo lwama-euro angu-1.200 ngonyaka (i-100 ngenyanga) ngokunyuka ngo-100% emindenini emikhulu esigabeni esikhethekile.
Esitatimendeni Semali Engenayo, abazali bangadonsa imali efika kuma-euro ayi-1.000 ngonyaka, futhi ingane kufanele ibe neminyaka emi-3 ubudala. Lesi sinyathelo senzelwe ukukhuthaza ukubuyisana.
Bobabili obaba nomama banenketho yokucela ikhefu elikhokhelwayo ukuze bangabi khona ihora elilodwa ngosuku, noma izikhathi ezimbili zesigamu sehora, ukuze bathande ingane yabo. Kungenzeka futhi ukunciphisa usuku lokusebenza ngesigamu sehora kuze kube yilapho umntwana enezinyanga ezingu-9 ubudala, noma aqongelele amahora ekhefu ukuwathatha njengezinsuku ezigcwele.
Imali edonswayo yentela yemali engenayo yomuntu siqu yemindeni emikhulu, abazali abangabodwa abanezingane okungenani ezimbili, kanye nalabo abanezizukulwane noma inzalo ekhubazekile ngama-euro angu-1.200 noma angu-2.400 ngonyaka. Ungakhetha ukuyithola esitatimendeni semali engenayo noma inyanga nenyanga.
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Uxhaso ngenxa yokuntuleka komnikelo
Lolu sizo luqondiswe kubantu abalahlekelwe umsebenzi futhi abafake isandla okungenani izinyanga ezi-3. Bazokwazi ukulindela inani lama-euro angama-480 ngenyanga kanye nesikhathi sabo esisele sesikhathi esicashuniwe.
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Usizo lwama-euro angama-200 ngokuqashwa kwemindeni esezingeni eliphakathi
Isheke, ngenkokhelo eyodwa, lingacelwa kusukela ngomhla ka-Februwari 15 kuya ku-March 31, 2023. Liwusizo lwama-euro angu-200 oluhloselwe ukusekela imali engenayo yemindeni esezingeni eliphakathi esimweni sokwehla kwamandla emali. Ngalolu sizo, oluzofinyelela amakhaya ayizigidi ezingu-4,2, izimo zobuthakathaka bezomnotho ezingahlangatshezwanga ngezinye izinzuzo zomphakathi zizoncishiswa. Ihloselwe abaholayo, abazisebenzayo noma abangasebenzi ababhaliswe emahhovisi okuqashwa abangabatholi abanye abangokwenhlalo, njengezimpesheni noma Imali Encane Ebalulekile. Ingacelwa yilabo abakhombisa ukuthi bathole imali engenayo egcwele engaphansi kwama-euro angu-27.000 ngonyaka futhi banempahla engaphansi kwama-euro angu-75.000.
izinguquko zesikhathi esizayo
Esimeni lapho uMthetho Womndeni ugunyazwa ezinyangeni ezizayo, izinyathelo ezingenhla zizongezwa:
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Ikhefu elingakhokhelwa lamasonto ayi-8 labazali nabasebenzi
Ikhefu elishiwo labazali lizoba amasonto ayisishiyagalombili, angajatshulelwa ngokuqhubekayo noma ngokuyekwa futhi ngezikhathi ezithile noma ngokugcwele, kuze kube yilapho ingane iba neminyaka engu-8 ubudala. Ikhefu labazali lizosetshenziswa ngokuqhubekayo ngakho-ke, ngo-2023 kuzoba amasonto ayisithupha namasonto ayisishiyagalombili ngo-2024. 3 iminyaka.
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Imali yokuzalanisa yama-euro ayi-100
Imali engenayo yobuzali engama-euro ayi-100 ngenyanga inenani elikhulu lemindeni enamadodana namadodakazi asuka koyi-0 kuye kweyi-3 ubudala. Phakathi kokunye, omama abathola umhlomulo wokungasebenzi, okhokhelwayo noma ongawutholi, kanye nalabo abanetoho noma itoho bangase babe abahlomuli.
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Ikhefu elikhokhelwayo elingafika ezinsukwini ezi-4 ezimweni eziphuthumayo
Ikhefu elikhokhelwayo lezinsuku ezi-4 ezimweni eziphuthumayo uma kunezizathu zomndeni ezingalindelekile. Ingacelwa amahora noma izinsuku zonke kufika ezinsukwini ezi-4 zebhizinisi.
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Ikhefu elikhokhelwayo izinsuku ezi-5 ngonyaka ukuze unakekele izihlobo noma abahlala ndawonye
Le mvume inikezwa kungakhathalekile ukuthi umsebenzi kanye nabantu abahlala nabo bahlobene noma cha. Lesi sinyathelo sisetshenziswa ukuze kuvunyelwe abasebenzi ukuthi bahlale ekhaya ukuze banakekele izingane zabo, baphelezele abalingani babo baye kudokotela, noma banakekele umuntu osekhulile esimweni sokulaliswa esibhedlela, izingozi, ukulaliswa esibhedlela okubi kakhulu, noma ukuhlinzwa. Futhi, uma kunesandiso semvume, kunezinsuku ezi-2.
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Ukuguqulwa kwegama elithi "umndeni omkhulu"
Isivikelo senzuzo yemindeni ebalwa sidlulela phambili njengemikhaya enomzali oyedwa nemikhaya enomzali oyedwa enomgogodla noma ngaphezulu. Ngokuyisisekelo, igama elithi “inombolo yomndeni” lithathelwe indawo yilelo “Lomthetho Wokuvikela Imindeni enesidingo esikhulu kakhulu sokusekelwa kwabazali”. Lesi sigaba sizofaka imindeni eyaziwa ngokuthi "imindeni emikhulu" kuze kube manje, kanye nalezi ezinye:
-Imindeni enomzali oyedwa kuphela nezingane ezimbili
-Imindeni enezingane ezimbili lapho ilungu elilodwa likhubazekile
-Imindeni eholwa yisisulu sodlame lobulili
-Imindeni lapho oshade naye enomthwalo wemfanelo wokugada yedwa ngaphandle kwelungelo lesondlo
-Imindeni lapho umzali elashwa esibhedlela noma ejele
Isigaba "esikhethekile" sihlanganisa umndeni onezingane ezi-4 noma ngaphezulu (esikhundleni sezi-5) noma izingane ezi-3 uma okungenani ezi-2 zazo ziwumkhiqizo wezingxenye, zokutholwa noma ukukhuliswa kwabantu abaningi, kanye nemindeni enezingane ezi-3 uma imali engenayo yonyaka ihlukaniswe phakathi kwenani lamalungu ingeqi ku-150% we-IPREM. Isigaba esisha esithi “umndeni womzali oyedwa” sisho umndeni onomzali oyedwa kuphela.
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Ukubona amaphutha okubhala omndeni ahlukene
Ukuqashelwa kwamaphutha okubhala omndeni ahlukene. Hlomisa amalungelo phakathi kwabashadile nabashadile. Ngonyaka odlule, impesheni yomfelokazi yashintshwa ukuze ihlanganise nabangakashadi kanti manje sebezokwazi ukujabulela izinsuku ezingu-15 zekhefu uma sebesunguliwe.
