LANDELA
Ukwehla kwamandla emali eSpain kuzoba ngaphansi kokulawula ngemva kwezinyanga zokunyuka nokucindezela manje ngenxa yenkinga yamandla kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa ezitholakala ekuhlaselweni kweRussia e-Ukraine, isimo esizobonakala ngayo yonke i-sur rawza kunkomba yentengo ka-March. I-Consumer Price Index (CPI) ikhuphuke ngo-0,8% ngokuphathelene nedlule, yaya ku-7,6%, ukuze iphawule izinga layo eliphakeme kakhulu kusukela ngoDisemba 1986. ithuthukiswe ezinsukwini eziyi-15 ezedlule yiNational Institute of Statistics.
Lesi simo sihumusha ku-double bill kumthengi, ongenakho ukukhetha ngaphandle kokuthatha izindleko eziphezulu zamandla futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukunyuka kwamanani adluliselwa kwezinye izimpahla nezinsizakalo, njengokudla.
Uma kuqhathaniswa noFebhuwari 2021, ugesi (80,5%), amafutha awuketshezi (52,3%), ama-hydrocarbon awuketshezi njenge-butane noma i-propane (33,4%), udizili (28,4%) anyamalala. ) nophethiloli (25,1%). %), kodwa nokunye ukudla okwakha ubhasikidi wokuthenga, okufana namafutha adliwayo (32,3%). Eminye imikhiqizo nayo iyathelelana kusukela ekukhuphukeni okuvamile kwentengo yezimpahla: izinga lonyaka lokukhuphuka kwamandla emali okucashile -ngaphandle kwamandla noma ukudla okusha- lenyuke ngezingxenye eziyisithupha zeshumi, laya ku-3%, izinga elingakaze libonwe kusukela ngoSepthemba 2008.
Nakuba ukungqubuzana kwe-Ukraine, unswinyo olubhekiswe eRussia kanye nenkinga yamandla eYurophu kuzoqinisa ukungezwani kokwehla kwamandla emali nakakhulu, imvula ithela ezweni lethu. Ngedatha eqinisekisiwe yale nyanga, i-CPI yonyaka yengeza izinga layo elihle leshumi nanhlanu ilandelana ngemva kwezinyanga zokwenyuka kwentengo yegesi kanye nogesi. Ngokufanayo, inkomba ihlanganisa izinyanga ezintathu ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-6%, okungukuthi, emazingeni angazange abonwe eSpain amashumi amathathu eminyaka.
Inkinga yamandla
Phakathi kwamaqembu anethonya elihle kakhulu ekunyukeni kwenani laminyaka yonke, Izibalo zigqamisa lezo zezindlu. Kulesi sigaba, ukuhluka kwaminyaka yonke bekungama-25,4%, okungaphezu kwamaphuzu anele ukudlula lawo abhaliswe ngoJanuwari. Lokhu kungenxa yokuziphatha kwezintela zikagesi, okuthi ama-80,5% maqondana nenyanga efanayo ka-2021 anyamalale.
Isilinganiso senani likagesi emakethe ye-wholesale yi-220,2 euros nge-MW / h, kuphela kancane ngaphezu kukaJanuwari, lapho amanye ama-euro abhaliswa ku-201,7 MW / h, nakuba ngesonto eledlule lenyanga idayari eyigugu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, igesi yemvelo ihlupheke ngo-12% uma kuqhathaniswa okufanayo ngonyaka wami wokugcina. Ochwepheshe baye baxwayiswa ukuthi ingxabano yase-Ukraine, eyaqala ngo-February 24, izobangela ukwanda okukhulu kwesikweletu samandla, isimo okungenzeka siphazamise izinga lokukhuphuka kwamandla emali ngoMashi. Ngokwezimo ezihlukene, ukunyuka kwezikweletu zikagesi uma kuqhathaniswa no-2021 kuzoba ngu-41% esimweni esihle kakhulu kanye no-109% esimweni esibi kakhulu, ngokusho kwezibalo ze-OCU.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezokuthutha zibeke izinga lazo ku-12.8%, okuyiphuzu elilodwa nohhafu kunenyanga edlule, ngenxa yokwenyuka kwamanani kaphethiloli kanye nezinto zokugcoba ezimotweni zabantu, ephakeme ngale nyanga kunangoFebhuwari 2021. idubule ngenxa yokwenyuka kwezindleko zomphongolo kawoyela: udizili ulahlekelwe ngamaphesenti angama-28,4 kwathi uphethiloli waba ngu-25,1%. NgoFebhuwari, intengo kawoyela yema ngesilinganiso sama-dollar angu-99,8 emgqonyeni ngamunye, lapho imele khona ukwanda kwe-13,4% uma kuqhathaniswa namandla kanye no-59% ngokwemibandela yonyaka. Ngama-euro, ukukhuphuka kwentengo yonyaka bekungama-70%, ngenxa yokwehla kwemali yaseYurophu ngokumelene nedola ngonyaka odlule, njengoba kuqokonyiswe yi-CEOE. Kuze kube manje ngoMashi, inani lentengo lime kuma-dollar angu-126 umphongolo, okuthi uma uzinza, lisho ukunyuka konyaka ngo-91% ngamadola kanye no-107% ngama-euro.
Layisha inqola yokuthenga
Ukudla neziphuzo ezingezona ezidakayo nazo zazintula, okubhalise ukuhluka kwengxenye yeshumi eyisishiyagalombili, kuze kufike ku-5,6%. Kule nto yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, ukwenyuka kwamanani okusanhlamvu nemifino kanye nobisi, ushizi namaqanda kuyagqama, okwawa ngo-2021, kanye nesinkwa nokusanhlamvu, kuphakeme kule nyanga kunonyaka odlule. Ngemikhiqizo, imikhiqizo enjengamafutha adliwayo (32,3%), amafutha omnqumo (30,6%), i-pasta (19,9%), ufulawa nokunye okusanhlamvu kwakuntuleka kubhasikidi wokuthenga (12%), inyama yemvu (10%), izithelo ezisemathinini. (10%), irayisi (9,4%), ubisi oluncibilikisiwe (9,4%) nobisi oluphelele (9,3%).
Ukwehla kwamandla emali kwegesi kanye nogesi kuthinta ukunikezwa kukagesi kwezokuthutha kanye namandla asetshenziswa ezimbonini zokuguqula. Ujamu nokugcinwa kwempahla nakho kukhuphuke amanani (8,7%), ikhofi (8,2%), eminye imikhiqizo yokubhaka (7,4%), amaqanda (6,6%), isinkwa (6,4%), inyama yenkomo (6,4%) nebhotela (6,3%). Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba i-ABC ishicilelwe, ubhasikidi wokuthenga uzoyeka emasontweni ezayo ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwamanani entengo yamandla, kodwa futhi ngenxa yokushoda kwezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa nokuthi i-Ukraine ingumphakeli oyinhloko wezwe lethu lommbila nobhekilanga. okwesine kakolweni.
Izibalo ziphinde zikhombise ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwezokuvakasha nezindawo zokudlela uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule, unyaka osaphawulwe kakhulu wubhubhane lwe-Covid-19. Amanani amahhotela, amathilomu nezindawo zokudlela akhuphuke ngezingxenye eziyisikhombisa zeshumi, afika ku-3,6%, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwenyuka kwezindleko zezindawo zokudlela, eziphakeme kule nyanga kunango-2021. 21,1% ngenxa yokunyuka kabusha kwezokuvakasha uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, imikhiqizo eshibhile ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezedlule ukuhamba nokupaka (-20,8%); umakhalekhukhwini (-5,7%); amakhompyutha womuntu siqu (4%); ezokuthutha zabagibeli basolwandle (-3,1%), nezindiza zamazwe ngamazwe (-2,2%).
Umzamo wokuqukatha amanani
Ngemuva kokuthi i-CEOE ibike ukuthi izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali eliyinhloko linqunywe, okwathi ngoFebhuwari kwaba ngu-3% unyaka nonyaka, amaphuzu angaphezu kwe-4 nengxenye ye-CPI evamile. Abaqashi bagcizelele ukuthi lokhu kusho ukwehla okukhulu kwezilinganiso zamabhizinisi kulo mkhakha. Umzamo wosomabhizinisi wokuqukatha amanani nawo wenzeka “ngesikhathi esibucayi kwabaningi babo ngemva kwezinyanga zobunzima kanye nemingcele yomsebenzi, okumele manje sengeze kuwo umthelela wokungqubuzana phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine,” basho. abaphathi
Ngenxa yalokho, abaphathi babikezela ukuthi ukwehla kwamandla emali kuzoqhubeka nokukhuphuka ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezizayo, kodwa balindele ukuthi kuzokwehla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi onyakeni. "Kuzofakwa esimweni esihle kakhulu ngokuvela kanye nesikhathi sokungqubuzana phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine kanye nezijeziso zezomnotho, ezingaba nomthelela omkhulu entengo yezinto ezingavuthiwe, okubandakanya igesi, uwoyela, okusanhlamvu noma uwoyela. Lokhu kuxhumene nezinye izinto ebezivele zidala ukwehla kwamandla emali, njengemiphumela eyisisekelo edalwe wubhubhane, ubunzima bokunikezwa kwempahla noma ukukhula okukhulu kwamanani entengo yempahla ethile emaphakathi,” sifundeka isitatimende.
Kulo mongo, i-CEOE yaxwayisa ngesidingo sokugwema isimo lapho "ukwenyuka kwamanani kanye namaholo kudlana". Ukuhlushwa amaholo ngokuhambisana ne-CPI, bazokhiqiza "imiphumela yomzuliswano wesibili engaholela ekukhuphukeni kokwehla kwamandla emali," bayaxwayisa.
