Ngaphansi kwalesi siqubulo esinembe kakhulu, 'Izibalo ziyasihlanganisa', uSuku Lomhlaba Lwezibalo lugujwa namuhla emhlabeni jikelele, njengoba kumenyezelwe yiNgqungquthela Jikelele yama-40 ye-UNESCO ngo-2019. Lolu suku olukhethekile, March 14 ( 03/14), amanye amazwe kukhunjulwa uSuku lwe-Pi (qaphela ukuthi ingxenye ingena kanye namadesimali amabili okuqala aleyo nombolo aqondana nendlela efushanisiwe yokubonisa usuku, kusukela ngenyanga), futhi lokhu kungenye yezinto ezingaguquki eziqashelwa kakhulu izakhamizi njengoba zihlotshaniswa nezibalo, kwanqunywa ukuthi ngalolo kanye usuku olufaneleka kakhulu lomcimbi onjalo.
Umgqugquzeli walesi siqubulo, umfundi waseCanada master in algebraic geometry u-Yuliya Nesterova, wabonisa ukuthi ngale nkulumo wayefuna ukukhombisa ukuthi izibalo ziwulimi oluvamile esinalo sonke kanye nesihloko esibhekana naso.
Izibalo ziyasihlanganisa njengezidalwa zomphakathi, njengethuluzi lakho kokubili ubuchwepheshe nemfundo, isisiza ukuthi senze izixhumanisi komunye nomunye, ngaphandle kokubheka indawo, ingcebo, ubulili, inkolo, ubuhlanga, njll. Ngeshwa, isimo samanje samazwe ngamazwe sibe wubunzima bokulangazelela kwesintu ubunye bomhlaba wonke, futhi sibangele ukuhlukaniswa kwamanye amazwe osekuqalile kakade ukuba nemiphumela engemihle emkhakheni wocwaningo lwesayensi (bheka ngalo mqondo isihloko esilandelayo). Okushesha kakhulu kube ukuguqulwa kwendawo yeNgqungquthela Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yochwepheshe Bezibalo (ICM; umcimbi omkhulu wamazwe ngamazwe wemvelo yezibalo) owawuzoba seSaint Petersburg ngoJulayi ozayo. Amakhulu amaningana ongoti bezibalo baseRussia abe phakathi kwabokuqala ukugxeka kakhulu ukuhlasela kwezwe labo i-Ukraine ngendlela engafanele, futhi bakhala ngokuthi kuzokwehlisa kanjani isithunzi sezwe labo emhlabeni jikelele njengomholi wesikhungo sezibalo, okuyisikhundla abahlale benaso phakathi kwezinga eliphezulu kakhulu.
Naphezu kwakho konke, lonke izwe eliphucuzekile nelinokuthula lizozama ukulungisa isimo ngezenzakalo ezahlukene. ESpain bekunemicimbi eyahlukene ezweni lonke kusukela ngesonto eledlule, kulungiselelwa yona. Phakathi kwazo, i-CEMat (iKomidi leMathematika laseSpain) ihlongoze izingqungquthela nezinkundla zokucobelelana ngolwazi, ezinye cishe, ukukhuthaza othisha ukuthi baxhumane nabafundi, noma ngabe izikhungo zabo zokufunda bezingenalo ithuba lokuhlela imicimbi mathupha. Lezi zinkulumo zirekhodiwe futhi noma ubani angazibuka noma nini lapho efuna. Ngezansi, ezinye izindaba ezithile okuxoxwe ngazo kanye nezixhumanisi ezivela lapho ongazijabulela khona kukhonjisiwe. Kubizwe nemincintiswano kubafundi nezikole, okuzoklonyeliswa ngazo namuhla edolobheni laseDon Benito (Badajoz). Ngokunjalo, i-Royal Spanish Mathematics Society (RSME) kanye ne-Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum bazobamba iqhaza emiklomelweni yamaphrojekthi awinile emqhudelwaneni we-MaThyssen, inhloso yawo kuwukuhlola ukuxhumana phakathi kobuciko nezibalo.
Amanye amanyuvesi nezikhungo zokufunda sekuyiminyaka eminingana zigubha lolu suku, ngakho-ke kulo nyaka kuneziphakamiso eziningi kakhulu, eziningi zazo ezithola ifomethi yomuntu siqu. Lapha sibhekisela kusampula encane kuphela equkethwe etholakala kunoma iyiphi idivayisi esiyisebenzisayo ukuze umfundi athole umbono wokuthi usuku luzohamba kanjani. Isibonelo, i-Complutense University of Madrid ihlele umncintiswano onezinselele ezimbili (enye ithiyori, enye isetshenziswe kakhudlwana) kanye nenkulumo, ngo-16:30 p.m., enesihloko esivusa inkanuko esithi 'Futhi wena, uzibopha kanjani izintambo zezicathulo zakho? ? ', enikezwe uMarithania Silvero Casanova, waseNyuvesi yaseSeville (ukuxhumana nenkulumo yesithathu yantambama kubonakala kusixhumanisi). Ngeke futhi ibe khona imibukiso, efana ne-Natural Geometry, e-Bizkaia Aretoa ye-UPV/EHU (Bilbao), kusukela ngo-March 8 kuya ku-18 kusukela ngo-8:00 ekuseni kuya ku-20:00 ebusuku. . Lo mbukiso uhlanganiswe nezithombe zikaPilar Moreno, uLucía Morales, u-Inmaculada Gutiérrez noLeopoldo Martínez, zihambisana nemibhalo emifushane echazayo.
Hhayi owethu sikhohlwa ngoPi
Kwenye yezingxoxo uzakwethu uRafael Ramírez Uclés, waseNyuvesi yaseGranada, akhulume kuwena ngaphambilini, inkulumo yethu 'ngeMathematika Emangazayo' (kusixhumanisi ungafinyelela enkulumweni egcwele, efana nezinye ezinikeziwe, kuyathakazelisa futhi kuyanconywa), ephakamisa umbuzo olandelayo: Zingaki izikwele ezifana ne-shading ezilingana ngaphakathi kwendingilizi esizibonayo? Yebo, 'singakwazi' ukusika' izikwele zibe izingxenye ezincane. Kusobala ukuthi ngaphansi kwezine, njengoba, ukubeka isibonelo ngama-quadrants (leso esiyibonayo ifakwe ku-quadrant yokuqala, sicabanga ukuthi imvelaphi yesistimu yokuxhumanisa iphakathi nendawo yomjikelezo), ingxenye yezikwele. zizogqama kuquadrant ngayinye.
Kuyaqondakala futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi eyodwa yazo, ngisho nambili, ibhalisa kalula, njengoba sibona esithombeni sesibili. Manje, endaweni engavaliwe yombuthano, ingabe ingxenye yesithathu ingangena? Izingcezu kuyodingeka zibe zincane nakakhulu kunemicu emine engunxande yesikwele sesibili, kodwa ngomcabango omncane nokubekezela, njengoba babenjalo abafundi bakaRafael, kubo lo mbuzo wawufana nephazili enephepha nesikelo, kungaba thola njengoba sibona esithombeni esilandelayo (kulula ukubona ukuthi onxantathu abaluhlaza nababomvana bakha isikwele esiphelele).
Ngakho-ke sinezikwele ezintathu eziphelele ngaphakathi. Kodwa sisekhona isikhala esiningi, sincane, kodwa sikhona. Malini? umbuzo olandelayo. Ngokwenza izingcezu ezincane, ungabona ukuthi singafaka ingxenye yeshumi yesikwele esisha, futhi isekhona indawo. Isikhala esingabhala kuso izingxenye ezingamakhulu amane zesikwele (okungukuthi, uma sihlukanise enye ingxenye yeshumi yesikwele ibe yizicucu eziyishumi, singabeka ezine zalezo zingxenye). Isikhala sokugcwalisa siya ngokuba sincane futhi sibe sincane, kodwa sisenayo indawo.
Impela omunye umfundi uzobe esebonile, ebamba ngekhanda izinombolo ukuthi kubonakala sengathi inombolo engu-3.14 iyakhiwa, okwamanje, amadesimali okuqala ka-pi. Manje, zingaki izindawo zedesimali i-pi inazo? Eqinisweni, inamadesimali amaningi ngokungenamkhawulo, ngakho-ke singaqhubeka nokwenza izingcezu ezincane nezincane, kodwa ngeke sigcwalise ngokuphelele indawo yombuthano, ngoba i-pi inamadesimali amaningi angaphindi.
Lo mkhuba, obonisa kakhulu abafundi, ubungase uxazululwe ngokushesha ngokuhlaziywa kokuhlaziya (lokho okwenziwa yizazi zezibalo lapho senza umboniso osemthethweni): uma i-radius yesiyingi ibingu-r, yini esuka esithombeni sokuqala nayo ebingaba uhlangothi lwendilinga ngayinye. isikwele ), njengoba sitsheliwe noma saboniswa emakilasini ezibalo, indawo evalwe yindilinga izoba ncamashi.
okungukuthi, ncamashi pi izikhathi eziphindwe ka-pi indawo yesikwele ngasinye (r isikwele). Ngamanye amazwi, indawo yesikwele ilingana nezikhathi zika-pi ngaphakathi kwendawo yesiyingi. Uma umangazwe ukuthi ngeke siqede ukugcwalisa umbuthano ngenxa yamadesimali angapheli, ngiphinde ngincome ividiyo ka-Rafael ngoba ingesinye sezimanga azichaza ngendlela ejabulisa kakhulu. Angikwazi ukumelana nokukushiya nenye imfihlakalo: ithini elivamile lamabhola ethenisi amathathu, njengaleli elisesithombeni. Ingabe ibhodlela lide kunobude bekepisi (unqenqema lwekepisi, umjikelezo walo), noma ngokuphambene nalokho? Isixazululo sizokumangaza, ngaphandle kokungabaza, ngoba asinembile neze.
UVíctor Manero, waseNyuvesi yaseZaragoza, uzakwethu kulesi sigaba, naye ube nesandla kulo nyaka ezingxoxweni engizisho ekuqaleni. Umbuzo othi isitshalo sethu, Kodwa thisha, kuyini lokhu kimi?, uye wawela ezingqondweni zethu izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa.
Ezinye izinkulumo, ngayinye ethatha cishe imizuzu engama-50, ezikhuluma ngezihloko ezahlukene kanye nezici lapho izibalo zikhona, yilezi ezilandelayo:
Ukufuna abaseshi bezibalo ukuze bafinyeleleke ezindaweni zomphakathi. U-Lorenzo J. Blanco Nieto. Inyuvesi yase-Extremadura.
Kusimo esiyingcaca…. U-Luis Maya no-Ana Caballero. Inyuvesi yase-Extremadura
Nginike inkinga futhi... ngizonyakazisa umhlaba! Julio Mulero González. I-University of Alicante Tessellations ene-Geogebra: inhle ngaphandle kwemingcele. U-Alejandro Gallardo. Isikole iRafaela Ybarra, eMadrid.
I-Illusionism kanye nezibalo zokuzilibazisa. U-Alejandro García González. IES Az-Zait yaseJaén
I-MathCityMap: isicelo sezibalo emgwaqweni. U-Beatriz Blanco Otano, IES Eugenio Frutos (Guareña, Badajoz) kanye no-Claudia Lázaro del Pozo, Umnyango Wezemfundo Nokuqeqeshwa Kwemisebenzi Yezandla yaseCantabria.
Sikele phezulu, lesi isakhiwo! UMaría García Monera. Inyuvesi yaseValencia.
Amamodeli omphakathi wethu. Indlela izibalo ezisisiza ngayo ukuthi sizame futhi siphathe umhlaba. Daniel Ramos. Isikhungo Sokucwaninga Ngezibalo / Esezingqondweni.
Ezingeni lamazwe ngamazwe singakwazi futhi 'ukusiza' ezinye izingxoxo. Uhlelo lwe-inthanethi lomhlaba wonke kungaxhunyanwa nalo kulesi sixhumanisi futhi lukhonjiswe ngezikhathi ngezilimi ezinhlanu ezihlukene (izinkulumo ezine ezinemizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu lilinye), ngayinye ngezikhathi ezihlukene: Isi-Arabhu (kusuka ngo-12 kuye ku-13 ntambama), isiPutukezi (kusuka ngo-13 p.m. Amahora angu-14 p.m.), isiNgisi (kusuka ngo-15:00 p.m. kuya ku-16:00 p.m.), isiFulentshi (kusuka ngo-15:30 p.m. kuya ku-16:30 p.m.) neSpanishi (kusuka ngo-18:00 p.m. kuya ku-19:00 p.m.). Zihlukene ngolimi ngalunye, ngakho-ke uma ukwazi kahle kuzo zonke ungajabulela izinkulumo ezingamashumi amabili ezahlukene.
Konke lokhu kuyingxenye encane yakho konke okuhleliwe, okuhlanganisa ukunikezwa okubanzi nokuhlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke uma ufuna, azikho izaba zokungakwazi ukugubha usuku. Bekufanele sifisele wonke umuntu kuphela, a
Sikufisela Usuku Oluhle Lwezibalo lwango-2022!!!
U-Alfonso Jesús Población Sáez unguprofesa eNyuvesi yaseValladolid futhi uyilungu leKhomishini Yokusabalalisa ye-Royal Spanish Mathematics Society (RSME).
I-ABCdario Yezibalo yisigaba esivela ekusebenzisaneni ne-RSME Dissemination Commission.
