Ukutsalwa kwenzala yemali-mboleko
I-Home Equity Deduction Deduction (HMID) yenye yezona zinto zixatyiswayo kakhulu kwirhafu yaseMelika. Abanini bezindlu, abanini-zindlu, abaza kuba ngabanini-zindlu, kunye nabagcini-mali berhafu bayalichaza ixabiso layo. Enyanisweni, intsomi idla ngokulunge ngakumbi kunenyaniso.
I-Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) idluliselwe kwi-2017 yatshintsha yonke into. Ukunciphisa ubuninzi obufanelekileyo be-mortgage nqununu kwinzala exhuzulwayo ukuya kwi-750,000 yeedola (ukusuka kwi-1 yezigidi zeedola) kwiimali-mboleko ezintsha (ithetha ukuba abanini-zindlu banokutsala inzala ehlawulwe ukuya kuthi ga kwi-750,000 yeedola kwityala le-mortgage). Kodwa iphantse yaphinda kabini ukutsalwa okusemgangathweni ngokususa ukhululo lobuqu, ikwenza kube yimfuneko ukuba abarhafi abaninzi bakhuphe into, ekubeni bengasenako ukuthatha ukhululo lobuqu kwaye benze izinto ezitsalwayo ngaxeshanye.
Kunyaka wokuqala emva kokuba i-TCJA iphunyeziwe, malunga ne-135,2 yezigidi zabahlawuli berhafu kulindeleke ukuba bathathe ukutsalwa okusemgangathweni. Xa kuthelekiswa, izigidi ezingama-20,4 bekulindeleke ukuba zitsale imali, kwaye kuzo, i-16,46 yezigidi iya kubanga ukutsalwa kwenzala yemali-mboleko.
Ngo-2021 kutsalwa irhafu yenzala yemali-mboleko
Ukuba ungumnikazi wendlu, mhlawumbi unelungelo lokuxhuzulwa inzala kwimali-mboleko yakho. Ukuxhuzulwa kwerhafu kukwasebenza ukuba uhlawula inzala kwi-condominium, intsebenziswano, ikhaya elihambayo, isikhephe, okanye isithuthi sokuzonwabisa esisetyenziswa njengendawo yokuhlala.
Inzala exhuzulwayo yemali-mboleko yiyo nayiphi na inzala oyihlawulayo kwimali-mboleko ekhuselwe likhaya lokuqala okanye lesibini elisetyenziselwa ukuthenga, ukwakha, okanye ukuphucula kakhulu ikhaya lakho. Kwiminyaka yerhafu phambi kowama-2018, elona nani liphezulu letyala elifanele ukuxhuzulwa liyi-1 yezigidi zeedola. Ukusukela ngo-2018, ubuninzi betyala lilinganiselwe kwi-750.000 yeedola. Iimali zokubolekwa kwemali ezazikho ukususela nge-14 kaDisemba 2017 ziya kuqhubeka zifumana impatho yerhafu efanayo naphantsi kwemithetho yakudala. Ukongeza, kwiminyaka yerhafu ngaphambi kuka-2018, inzala ehlawulwe ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100.000 yeedola zetyala lokulingana ekhaya nayo yatsalwa. Ezi mboleko ziquka:
Ewe, ukuxhuzulwa kwakho kuthintelwe ngokubanzi ukuba zonke iimali mboleko ezisetyenziselwa ukuthenga, ukwakha, okanye ukuphucula ikhaya lakho lokuqala (kunye nekhaya lesibini, ukuba likhona) lilonke lingaphezulu kwesigidi esi-1 seedola (iidola ezingama-500.000 ukuba usebenzisa imeko yokufayilisha yomtshato) ngokwahlukeneyo) iminyaka yerhafu ngaphambi kwe-2018. Ukuqala kwi-2018, lo mda wehliswa kwi-$ 750.000. Iimali zokubolekwa kwemali ezazikho ukususela nge-14 kaDisemba 2017 ziya kuqhubeka zifumana impatho yerhafu efanayo naphantsi kwemithetho yakudala.
Isibali sokuNcitshiswa kweNzala ye-Mortgage
A. Eyona nzuzo ingundoqo yerhafu yokuba nendlu kukuba ingeniso yerenti ebalelwayo efunyenwe ngabanini ayihlawulelwa rhafu. Nangona loo ngeniso ayirhafiswa, abanini-zindlu banokutsala inzala yemali-mboleko kunye neentlawulo zerhafu yepropathi, kunye nezinye iindleko ezisuka kwingeniso yabo erhafiswayo ukuba bathe batsalwa. Ukongezelela, abaninimzi banokungabandakanyi, ukuya kumda, inzuzo yenkunzi abayenzayo ekuthengiseni ikhaya.
Ikhowudi yerhafu inika iingenelo ezininzi kubantu abangabanikazi bamakhaya abo. Olona ncedo luphambili kukuba abaninimzi abahlawuli rhafu kwingeniso yerenti ebalelwa kumakhaya abo. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba babale ixabiso lerenti yezindlu zabo njengengeniso erhafiswayo, nangona elo xabiso liyimbuyekezo yotyalo-mali efana nezahlulo kwizitokhwe okanye inzala kwi-akhawunti yokonga. Luhlobo lwengeniso olungarhafiswanga.
Abanini bezindlu banokutsala inzala yemali-mboleko kunye neentlawulo zerhafu yepropathi, kunye nezinye iindleko, kwirhafu yengeniso yabo ukuba bathe batsalwa. Kwirhafu yengeniso esebenza kakuhle, yonke ingeniso iya kurhafiswa kwaye zonke iindleko zokunyusa loo ngeniso ziya kutsalwa. Ke ngoko, kwirhafu yengeniso esebenza kakuhle, kufuneka kutsalwe imali kwinzala yemali-mboleko kunye nerhafu yepropathi. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo yethu yangoku ayirhafisi ingeniso echaziweyo efunyenwe ngabaninimzi, ngoko ke isizathu sokutsalwa kweendleko zokufumana loo ngeniso ayicacanga.
Ukuxhuzulwa kwerhafu yamanqaku okubambisa
Akukho nto ingako malunga neerhafu ezivuyisa abantu, ngaphandle kwaxa kufikwa kumbandela wokutsalwa kwemali. Ukutsalwa kwerhafu ziindleko ezithile ezenzeke kuwo wonke unyaka werhafu yaye zinokuthatyathwa kwisiseko serhafu, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa isixa semali ekufuneka uyihlawulele irhafu.
Kwaye kubanikazi bezindlu abane-mortgage, kukho ukutsalwa okongeziweyo abangakubandakanya. Ukutsalwa kwenzala yemali-mboleko yenye yeentlawulo ezininzi zerhafu kubanini-zindlu ezibonelelwa yi-IRS. Funda ukuze ufumanise ukuba yintoni kunye nendlela yokuyibanga kwiirhafu zakho kulo nyaka.
Ukutsalwa kwenzala yemali-mboleko yinkuthazo yerhafu kubaninimzi. Oku kutsalwa kwento ethile kuvumela abaninimzi ukuba babale inzala abayihlawulayo kwimali-mboleko enxulumene nokwakhiwa, ukuthengwa okanye ukuphuculwa kwekhaya labo eliphambili ngokuchasene nengeniso yabo erhafiswayo, ukunciphisa isixa seerhafu abanazo. Olu xhuzulo lunokusetyenziswa nakwimali-mboleko yezindlu zesibini, ukuba nje uhlala ngaphakathi kwemida.
Kukho ezinye iindidi zeemali mboleko zezindlu ezifanele ukuxhuzulwa irhafu yenzala yemali-mboleko. Phakathi kwazo kukho imali-mboleko yokuthenga, ukwakha okanye ukuphucula izindlu. Nangona imali-mboleko eqhelekileyo yimali-mboleko, imali-mboleko yokuthenga indlu, umgca wetyala, okanye i-mortgage yesibini nayo inokufaneleka. Unokusebenzisa kwakhona inzala yemali ebolekwayo emva kokuba uhlaziye ikhaya lakho. Kufuneka nje uqinisekise ukuba imali-mboleko iyahlangabezana nezi mfuno zingasentla (ukuthenga, ukwakha okanye ukuphucula) kwaye ikhaya ekuthethwa ngalo lisetyenziselwa ukukhusela imali-mboleko.
