Xa sijonga imeko yezoqoqosho esizifumana sikuyo kulo nyaka, kunanini na ngaphambili, uncedo kwiintsapho ezinabantwana lubalulekile. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, sinesidlo kwipakethe yemilinganiselo yentlalo echazwe nguRhulumente waseSpain ngo-2023.
Kwezi zikhetho kufuneka zongezwe izinto ezintsha ezivela kuMthetho weNtsapho ophikisanayo ophuhliswe yiMinistries yamaLungelo eNtlalo kunye nokuLingana, okuvunywa kwayo kucwangciselwe isiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka.
Siyakhumbula ukuba lo mgaqo ucinezela isihloko seentsapho ezinkulu kodwa ubandakanya, kwelinye icala, ikhefu le-100 lepesenti elihlawulwayo leentsuku ezintlanu ukunyamekela isihlobo okanye ukuhlala kunye.
Ke, ezi zikhetho ezikhoyo namhlanje:
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Inzuzo yokubeleka kunye nenkathalo
Bonke abasebenzi abalonwabelayo ixesha lokuphumla ngenxa yokuzalwa, ukwamkelwa okanye ukuqatshelwa komntwana omnye okanye ngaphezulu, baneentsuku ezili-16 zekhefu ezifumanekayo kubo, ezinokwandiswa kwiimeko ezithile. Iiveki ezintandathu zokuqala zokuphumla zisisinyanzelo ukususela ekuzalweni komntwana okanye ukwamkelwa okanye ukugcinwa komntwana. "Iiveki ezili-10 eziseleyo zezokuzithandela kwaye zinokonwatyiswa ngamaxesha eveki, ngokuqhubekayo okanye ngokungaqhubekiyo, kwiinyanga ezili-12 emva kokuzalwa okanye isigqibo senkundla okanye solawulo sokwamkelwa, ukugcinwa okanye ukunakekelwa," ichaza umgaqo.
Ukongeza, le nzuzo iqwalasela ekufuneka kwenziwe kwiimeko ezithile:
- Abo bangasebenziyo okanye kwi-ERTE kufuneka bamise ngaphambili inkonzo yokungasebenzi kwi-SEPE ukuze bacele ukuzalwa kunye nokunyamekela umntwana omncinci.
- Ukuzalwa okuninzi okanye ukwamkelwa: abazali bamawele baneeveki ze-17 kunye nezo ze-triplets 18. Oko kukuthi, ikhefu lomzali ngamnye landa ukusuka kwiveki ukuya kwiveki kumntwana ngamnye wesibini.
– Abazali abangenamaqabane: banelungelo kuphela 16 iiveki ezihlawulweyo. Kodwa iintsapho ezingakumbi nangakumbi ziyayigxeka le meko yaye iijaji zibangela isizathu sokuba ibe yimvume ecalulayo ngokuphathelele ukunyanyekelwa komntwana. KuMbutho weeNtsapho zomzali omnye (FAMS) unalo lonke ulwazi.
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Intlawulo yosapho olunye lwenzuzo yokuzalwa okanye yokuthatha umntwana ongamzalanga abe ngowakho
Kuyinzuzo yezoqoqosho yobuninzi bee-euro eziphezulu kuphela kwiintsapho ezininzi, abazali abangenamaqabane, oomama abakhubazekileyo abalingana okanye ngaphezulu kwe-65% kwaye kwimeko yokuzalwa okuphindaphindiweyo okanye ukwamkelwa, "ukuba nje inqanaba elithile lengeniso" kucingwa ngumthetho. Kuboniswane kwiwebhusayithi yoKhuseleko lweNtlalo uthe uncedo.
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Ukuncitshiswa kokubeleka
Uncedo lwe-euro ezili-100 ngenyanga ngomntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala, okanye i-euro eyi-1.200 ngonyaka, ibisoloko ijolise kubafazi abasebenzayo. Nangona kunjalo, lutsalo-mali oomama abangaphangeliyo abafanele ukulifumana. Isetyenzwa nge-Arhente yeRhafu.
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Isongezelelo sokunceda abantwana
Kululutho oluchasene nentlupheko yabantwana abaxhamli babo bangamalungu eyunithi yokuhlalisana kwimeko yobuthathaka kwezoqoqosho, evunyiweyo kuthathelwa ingqalelo impahla yabo, inqanaba lomvuzo kunye nomvuzo. Qhagamshelana ngeemfuno ngokweenkcukacha kwiwebhusayithi yeNgeniso yokuPhila ephantsi.
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Uncedo lomntwana okhubazekileyo
Iimali ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko nganye:
- Abantwana okanye abancinci abaxhomekeke, abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18 ubudala, abanokukhubazeka okulinganayo okanye ngaphezulu kwama-33%.
- Abantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka eyi-18 kunye nokukhubazeka okulingana okanye ngaphezulu kwama-65%.
- Abantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka eyi-18 kunye nokukhubazeka okulingana okanye ngaphezulu kwama-75%.
-Abantwana okanye abancinci abaxhomekeke, abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18 ubudala, ngaphandle kokukhubazeka (ulawulo lwexeshana).
Lonke ulwazi oluthe ngqo kulo mba lukwiwebhusayithi yoKhuseleko lweNtlalo.
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Iinzuzo zoqoqosho kubantwana abaninzi
Ukhuseleko lwezeNtlalo lunoncedo olulodwa lokuhlawula "ukubuyisela, ngokuyinxenye, ukunyuka kweendleko eziveliswa kwiintsapho ngokuzalwa okanye ukwamkelwa kwabantwana ababini okanye ngaphezulu ngokuzalwa okanye ukwamkelwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo." Ibalwa ngokusekelwe kumvuzo omncinci we-interprofessional, inani labantwana kwaye ukuba kukho ukukhubazeka okukhulu okanye ngaphezulu kwe-33%.
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Ukutsalwa ngenombolo yosapho
Olu ncedo lwe-euro eyi-1.200 ngonyaka (i-100 ngenyanga) kunye nokunyuka kwe-100% kwiintsapho ezinkulu kwicandelo elikhethekileyo.
KwiNgxelo yeNgeniso, abazali banokutsala ukuya kuthi ga kwi-euro eyi-1.000 ngonyaka, kwaye umntwana kufuneka abe neminyaka emi-3 ubudala. Lo mlinganiselo wenzelwe ukukhuthaza uxolelwaniso.
Bobabini ootata noomama banokukhetha ukucela ikhefu elihlawulelwayo ukuze bangabikho iyure enye ngosuku, okanye amaxesha esiqingatha seyure ezimbini, ukuze bathande umntwana wabo. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa usuku lokusebenza ngesiqingatha seyure de umntwana abe neenyanga ezili-9 ubudala, okanye aqokelele iiyure zekhefu ukuze azithathe njengeentsuku ezipheleleyo.
Ukutsalwa kwerhafu yengeniso yobuqu kwiintsapho ezinkulu, abazali abangenamaqabane onabantwana ababini ubuncinane, kunye nabo banabantwana abanyukayo okanye inzala ekhubazekileyo yi-1.200 okanye i-2.400 ye-euro ngonyaka. Unokukhetha ukuyifumana kwingxelo yengeniso okanye inyanga nenyanga.
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Inkxaso-mali ngenxa yokungabikho komnikelo
Olu ncedo lujolise kubantu abaphulukene nomsebenzi kwaye baye bafaka isandla ubuncinane kwiinyanga ezi-3. Baza kukwazi ukulindela isixa-mali se-euro ezingama-480 ngenyanga kunye nexesha labo eliseleyo lexesha elicatshulweyo.
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Uncedo lwe-euro ezingama-200 zokurenta kwiintsapho ezikumgangatho ophakathi
Itshekhi, ngentlawulo enye, inokucelwa ukususela ngoFebruwari 15 ukuya kuMatshi 31, 2023. I-200-euro yoncedo ejoliswe ukuxhasa ingeniso yeentsapho ezikumgangatho ophakathi kwimeko yokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Ngolu ncedo, oluya kufikelela kumakhaya azizigidi ezi-4,2, iimeko zobuthathaka kwezoqoqosho ezingaqukwanga zezinye izibonelelo zentlalo ziya kuncitshiswa. Ijolise kubantu abafumana umvuzo, abaziqeshileyo okanye abangaphangeliyo ababhalisiweyo kwiiofisi zengqesho abangafumani abanye abantu bentlalontle, njengepenshini okanye uMvuzo oNcinciweyo oBonelekileyo. Inokucelwa ngabo babonisa ukuba bafumene ingeniso epheleleyo engaphantsi kwe-27.000 euros ngonyaka kwaye banempahla engaphantsi kwe-75.000 ye-euro.
utshintsho oluzayo
Kwimeko apho uMthetho woSapho uvunyiwe kwiinyanga ezizayo, le milinganiselo ingentla iya kongezwa:
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Ikhefu elingahlawulelwayo leeveki ezisi-8 kubazali nabasebenzi
Ikhefu labazali elixeliweyo liya kuba leeveki ezisibhozo, ezinokuthi zonwabele ngokuqhubekayo okanye ngokuyekwayo kunye nethutyana okanye ixesha elizeleyo, de umntwana abe neminyaka esi-8 ubudala. Ikhefu labazali liya kusetyenziswa ngokuqhubekayo kwaye ke, ngo-2023 iya kuba ziiveki ezintandathu kunye neeveki ezisibhozo ngo-2024. 3 iminyaka.
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Ingeniso yokuzala i-euro eyi-100
Ingeniso yobuzali ye-100 euros ngenyanga inenani elikhulu leentsapho ezinoonyana kunye neentombi ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-3 yeminyaka ubudala. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, oomama abafumana isibonelelo sokungaphangeli, abancediswayo okanye abangaphangeliyo, kunye nabo basebenza okwethutyana okanye okwethutyana banokuba ngabaxhamli.
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Ikhefu elihlawulelwayo ukuya kwiintsuku ezi-4 kwiimeko zikaxakeka
Ikhefu elihlawulelwayo ukuya kwiintsuku ezi-4 kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo xa kukho izizathu zosapho ezingalindelekanga. Inokucelwa iiyure okanye iintsuku zonke ukuya kwiintsuku zokusebenza ze-4.
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Ikhefu elihlawulelwayo iintsuku ezi-5 ngonyaka ukunyamekela izalamane zesibini okanye abahlala kunye
Eli phepha-mvume liyavunywa nokuba umsebenzi kunye nabantu abahlala nabo bayazalana okanye akunjalo. Lo mlinganiso uphunyezwa ukuvumela abasebenzi ukuba bahlale ekhaya ukuze banakekele abantwana babo, bakhaphe iqabane labo ukuya kwagqirha, okanye banakekele umntu owalupheleyo kwimeko yokulaliswa esibhedlele, iingozi, ukulaliswa kakhulu esibhedlele, okanye ukungenelela ngotyando. Kwakhona, ukuba kukho ukwandiswa kwemvume, kukho iintsuku ezi-2.
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Ukuguqulwa kwegama elithi "intsapho enkulu"
Ukukhuselwa kwengenelo yeentsapho ezibaliweyo kunwenwela ngakumbi njengeentsapho ezinomzali omnye neentsapho ezinomzali omnye ezinomqolo okanye ngaphezulu. Ngokusisiseko, igama elithi “inombolo yosapho” lithatyathelw’ indawo leli “loMthetho woKhuselo lweeNtsapho ezinesidingo esikhulu senkxaso yobuzali”. Olu luhlu luya kubandakanya iintsapho ezaziwa "njengeentsapho ezinkulu" ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kunye nezinye:
-Iintsapho ezinomzali omnye kuphela nabantwana ababini
-Iintsapho ezinabantwana ababini apho ilungu elinye linokukhubazeka
-Iintsapho ezikhokelwa lixhoba lobundlobongela ngokwesini
-Iintsapho apho iqabane linelungelo lokugcinwa lilodwa lingenalo ilungelo lesondlo
-Ientsapho apho umzali efumana unyango esibhedlele okanye entolongweni
Udidi "olulodwa" lubandakanya usapho olunabantwana aba-4 okanye ngaphezulu (endaweni ye-5) okanye abantwana be-3 ukuba ubuncinane i-2 yabo iyimveliso yamacandelo, i-adoption okanye i-fostering eninzi, kunye neentsapho ezinabantwana aba-3 ukuba ingeniso yonyaka yahlulwe phakathi kwenani lamalungu ayidluli kwi-150% ye-IPREM. Udidi olutsha “usapho lomzali omnye” lubhekisela kwintsapho enomzali omnye kuphela.
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Ukuqaphela iimpazamo ezahlukeneyo zokuchwetheza zosapho
Ukuqatshelwa kweempazamo zokuchwetheza zosapho ezahlukeneyo. Ukuxhobisa amalungelo phakathi kwezibini ezitshatileyo kunye nezibini eziqhelekileyo. Kunyaka ophelileyo, inkamnkam yomhlolokazi yalungiswa ukuze iquke izibini ezingatshatanga kwaye ngoku zizakukwazi ukonwabela ikhefu leentsuku ezilishumi elinesihlanu xa zisenziwa.
