Injini, ihood, amavili, izibane zangaphambili, izipili okanye iingcango. Zonke ziyinxalenye yezithuthi kunye nemigaqo yaseYurophu ibonisa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-95 zeemoto kufuneka zihlaziywe. Ngaphezulu kwama-4.000 amaqhekeza adibanisa iplastiki, iintsinga zelaphu, intsimbi, intsimbi, ialuminiyam, ioyile, amafutha. Apho kufuneka ngoku songeze ezinye ezifana graphite okanye lithium. Ezi 'zithako' zokugqibela zibalulekile kwiibhetri zeemoto zombane ezintsha, "okwangoku aziyongxaki enkulu, kodwa inokuba kwixesha elizayo kuba yonke into iya kufakwa umbane," kuphendula uJosé María Cancer Abóitiz, umlawuli jikelele weCesvimap. , ngeWorld Recycling Day.
Kunyaka ophelileyo, eSpeyin, iimoto zombane ze-36.452 zabhaliswa, inani elingaphezulu kwe-2021. Kodwa, ewe, ipesenti yeemoto ezinombane azifikeleli kwi-1% kunye ne-plug-in kunye neemoto ezihlambulukileyo zimele i-0,5% kunye ne-0,4% ye iyonke ngokulandelelanayo. "Kulindeleke ukuba ukuqokelela kweebhetri kwiimoto zombane kuya kudlula iipakethe ze-2025 yezigidi kwi-3,4," idatha evela kwi-Recyclia kunye ne-Recyberica Ambiental ibonisa.
Uphando lwakwangoko lubonisa ukuba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-70% yezinto eziqulethwe kwezi bhetri “zinokuhlaziywa,” utsho uCancer. Okwangoku kukho iindlela ezimbini zokubuyisela: i-hydrometallurgy kunye ne-pyrolysis. Ekuqaleni, ngokuntywiliselwa kuhlobo oluthile lolwelo olonakalisa izinto ezifana nentsimbi okanye i-aluminium, kodwa oko "kuvumela ukuba i-lithium ibuyiselwe, umzekelo," igxininisa umlawuli jikelele we-Cesvimap. Kule meko yobuchule besibini, izinto ezivuthayo kunye ne-aluminium okanye i-copper ayifaki i-oxidize, kodwa "i-graphite iyatshisa," lumkisa. "Okwangoku, akukho nkqubo isivumela ukuba sibuyisele i-100% yamacandelo akwezi bhetri," uyongezelela. "Ngoku, ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kuluncedo ngakumbi."
"Kungcono ukusebenzisa kwakhona"
Ngokubanzi, bonke abavelisi beemoto baqinisekisa iibhetri zala baqeqeshi bombane ubuncinane iminyaka esibhozo okanye i-100.000 yeekhilomitha. "Xa ukusebenza kuwela ngaphantsi kwe-80%, umqhubi kufuneka acinge ngokuyitshintsha," abavelisi bathi. Kodwa oku “akuthethi ukuba azinakusetyenziswa,” utsho uCarcer. “Banokuba nobomi besibini bobunewunewu,” uyalumkisa.
"Kwi-75% yeengozi zemoto zombane ibhetri ingaphinda isetyenziswe"
José María Cancer Aboitiz
I-CEO yeCesvimap
Ukusukela ngo-2020, ukongeza kwikomkhulu e-Ávila, bafuna ukubanika umhlala-phantsi wegolide. “Kuyimpazamo yokwenene ukuphulukana nabo bonke ubuchwephesha nezinto ezityalwe kwibhetri,” utsho uCancer. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, “zizonke iingozi zenzeke kwiindawo zayo kwaye sizamile ukubuyisela iibhetri zeemoto zombane,” ugqabaza.
Okokuqala, sijonga ukuba zingafakwa kwenye imoto, kuba "kwi-75% yeengozi, ibhetri ingaphinda isetyenziswe," utsho. Ngoku sisebenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuba imoto ayinakususwa, inokusebenza njengendawo yokugcina amandla ekhaya, utshilo umlawuli jikelele weCesvimap. "Sizamile kwaye iluncedo."
Noko ke, “ngoku yinto eseleyo,” utsho uCancer. Ngo-2022, iibhetri ze-73 zafika kwiindawo zayo, "oko kukuthi i-26% yazo zonke ukucinywa kweemoto zombane eSpain," kodwa akwanelanga ukugubungela yonke into. "Ukwenza, kunokwenziwa," ugxininisa.
Itekhnoloji iyafumaneka, kodwa iindleko zokubuyiswa kwayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona aziyiyo eyona nto ingcono kuba "kufuneka bahambe ngenkqubo yokucoca kunye nokulungiswa ukuze baphinde basebenzise," kuchaza uCancer. Ukongeza, singathetha ngeebhetri zodidi kuba zikulungele ukumelana nobushushu obugqithisileyo kunye neempembelelo ezinamandla.
Ukurisayikilishwa kwezi bhetri kubonisa umceli mngeni kushishino lwecandelo oluqhubeleka nohambo lwalo olusingise ekufakeni umbane kokushukuma. Imbuyekezo ebonakaliswa ngolu Suku lweHlabathi lokuSebenza kwakhona, ingxaki iya kuba yinyani kwishumi leminyaka ezayo xa ubomi obuluncedo bokuqala ukufika buphelile.
Iibhetri eziphathekayo zesixeko
Nangona de bafike kuphahla lwezindlu, iibhetri zeemoto zombane zifumene inyathelo eliphakathi ukuba abo banoxanduva lweCesvimap babhaptizwe njenge "bettery pack."
Isakhiwo semodyuli yeebhetri zesithuthi sivumela ukwakhiwa kwezixhobo ezincinci eziphathekayo ezingasetyenziselwa ukuxazulula iingxaki zexeshana. "Ezi zixhobo zihlala zineemodyuli ze-48 kwaye zimbini kuphela sele zakha ukugcinwa kwamandla," kuchaza uCancer. Iprojekthi yayo yokulinga ngenxa yokubonelela ngamandla inezixhobo zayo ezivakalayo. "Ngoku, singanika uluhlu olumalunga neekhilomitha ezili-10 kwimoto yombane ehamba ngaphandle kombane esixekweni."
