Inyaya iyo sainzi inopokana nekufunga uye zvakasiyana. Uye ndechokuti munhau yesayenzi tinowana vaprista vakawanda avo, mumazana amakore apfuura, vakaita mipiro yakafanira zvikuru mukufambira mberi kwesayenzi.
Zvechokwadi kana tikabatanidza sainzi nechitendero, imwe yenhamba dzekutanga dzinoonekwa mupfungwa dzedu ndeye Gregor Mendel (1822-1884). Uyu weAustria Augustinian friar akararama muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX uye akatsanangura mitemo yakakosha yemajini. Akakurumbira zvidzidzo zvake nepizi mundima iyi yesainzi.
Franciscan, asi semukurumbira, aive Roger Bacon (1214-1294), mumwe wevanofanotungamira nzira yesainzi uye uyo anonzi mutsara uyu: "masvomhu ndiro gonhi uye kiyi yesainzi yese".
Nicholas Copernicus (1475-1543), mumwe wemadzibaba eruzivo rwenyeredzi rwemazuva ano, aivewo wechitendero, kunyanya aive kanoni yechitsauko cheFrombork, chigaro chebhishopi weWarmia, muPoland yanhasi.
Kwaari isu tine chikwereti chedzidziso yeheliocentric, maererano neiyo mapuraneti anotenderera zuva, uye izvo zvakaziviswa mubhuku rake 'Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium' (1543). Pasinei nezvose, Copernicus akanga asiri wekutanga kusimbisa kuti Nyika inotenderera zuva, Aristarko akanga azvitaura makore anodarika chiuru zvisati zvaitika, asi ndiye akatanga kuzviratidzira nekuverenga masvomhu.
Kubva kuBig Bang kusvika kune ovarian follicle
Zvichida zvisinganyanyi kuzivikanwa ndezvekuti musiki wedzidziso yeBig Bang aive mupristi weBelgian uye nhengo yeLes amis de Jesús fraternity. Nhamba yake yaive Georges Lemaitre (1894-1966) uye mupiro wake mukuru kunharaunda yesainzi yaive yekudzivirira kuti denga rinowedzera kune kwakabva.
Mumwe mumongi wokuFrance, Marin Mersenne (1588-1648), akawana kuti inzwi rinofamba nesipidhi yakafanana, pasinei zvapo nekwarinobva uye kwarinofamba. Kubatsira kwake kukuru kwaive kugadzira pfungwa ye'nharaunda yesainzi', ndiko kuti, kuziva kuti ruzivo nezvakawanikwa zvinofanirwa 'kutenderera' uye kugovaniswa. Uye ndechokuti, kunyange zvingatishamisa, kunzwa uku kwakanga kusiri nguva dzose pakati pevarume vesayenzi.
René Just Haüy (1743-1822), mineralogist uyo parizvino anonzi baba vecrystallography, aivewo muRungu uye mupristi. Iyi canon yeNotre Dame yakatora chikamu pamwe chete naLavoisier nedzimwe nyanzvi mukugadzira metric system.
Muprisita, mufundisi wevaapostora uye bhishopi aive mamwe ezvinzvimbo zvakabatwa nemusayendisiti weDanish Nicholas Steno (1638-1686). Zvakare sejiologist, nyanzvi huru yeanatomist, pfungwa yake yekutanga yaive yekutarisa follicle yeovarian, tsanangura mafambisirwo anotanga kubva parotic gland -ductus Stenonianus- uye kudzidza kutadza kwemoyo kunoonekwa se tetralogy ye Fallot.
Mupristi Lazzaro Spallanzani (1729-1799) aivewo nyanzvi yesainzi yaive imwe nguva kubva pakuziva kuti zviremwaremwa zvinozvifambisa sei anenge mazana maviri emakore mushure mekunge mumwe musayendisiti awana ultrasound. Yakakurumbira kudzidza kwake nezviremwaremwa zvishanu, idzo dzaakabvisa maziso kuti adzisunungure; Chero rimwe remazuva gare gare akadzoka, akawana kucherechedza kuti, pasinei nekuchekwa, takakwanisa kuvhima zvipembenene uye tikararama, saka akafunga kuti mhuka idzi dzakatarisa kuburikidza nekunzwa.
Vapristi, masayendisiti uye maSpanish
Munyika yedu tinewo mimwe mienzaniso yevapristi vesainzi. Mudiwa mukuru webotany aive Benedictine Cleric Rosendo Salvado Rotea (1814-1900). Ichi chechitendero chinonzi, pakati pezvimwe zvakanaka, kuiswa kweeucalyptus muGalicia.
Anonyanya kuzivikanwa ndiJosé Celestino Bruno Mutis y Bosio (1732-1808), muprista wecadet, uyewo botanist, masvomhu, geographer uye chiremba akatungamirira rwendo kuenda kuColombia (1783-1816). Paakadzokera kupeninsula, akabudisa bhuku rinonakidza rine mifananidzo inodarika 6.600 XNUMX yemiti.
"Zvakawanda zvemweya zvinoenderana neutano hwemuviri," akadaro Fray Tomás de Berlanga (1487-1551), muvambi weGalapagos Islands uye mugadziri wezvatinoziva nhasi sekudya kweMediterranean, kanopfuura chiitiko chimwe.
Pedro Gargantilla inyanzvi paEl Escorial Hospital (Madrid) uye munyori wemabhuku akati wandei anozivikanwa.
