Makore masere apfuura ari munzira yekuve anodziya zvakanyanya pane rekodhi, achisundwa nekuwanda-kukwira kwemagasi egreenhouse uye kupisa kwakaunganidzwa. Kupisa kwakanyanya, kusanaya kwemvura nemafashamu kwakanganisa mamirioni uye kudhura mabhiriyoni gore rino, sekureva kweWorld Meteorological Organisation (WMO) State of the Global Climate 2022 interim mishumo, yakaburitswa neSvondo pakuvhurwa kwemusangano weUN wekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze (COP27) Ijipita.
Chirevo cheWMO i "chronicle yemhirizhonga yemamiriro ekunze", chiitiko "chaburitsa kukurumidza kunotyisa, hupenyu hunoparadza mumakondinendi ese", semashoko eMunyori Mukuru weUN, Antonio Guterres, muvhidhiyo meseji yakaburitswa kuCOP27 muSharm el. -Sheikh.
"Pakutanga kweCOP27, pasi redu riri kutitumira chiratidzo chealarm," Guterres anopa zano. Kurwisa mamiriro ezvinhu anotyisa aya, zvichave zvakakodzera kutora "zviito zvekuda uye zvinovimbika" panguva yemusangano muEgypt, akawedzera.
Zviratidzo uye kukanganisa kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze zviri kuwedzera kushamisa. Chiyero chekukwira kwegungwa chakawedzera zvakapetwa kaviri kubva 1993. Yakasundira inoda kusvika 10mm kubva muna Ndira 2020 kune rekodhi nyowani gore rino. Makore maviri nehafu ekupedzisira ega anoita 10 muzana yekukwira kwese kwegungwa kubva pakatanga mishonga yesatellite makore anoda kusvika makumi matatu apfuura.
Gore ra2022 rakave nechakanyanya kukanganisa pamusoro pemazaya echando muEuropean Alps, paine zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekunyunguduka kusati kwamboitika. Ichando cheGreenland chakarasikirwa nehuwandu hwegore rechiXNUMX mumutsara uye kwakanaya, pane kutonhora, ipapo kekutanga munaSeptember.
Parizvino inofungidzirwa kuti tembiricha yepasi rose muna 2022 ichave ingangoita 1,15ºC [1,02 kusvika 1,28ºC] pamusoro peavhareji yepre-industrial ye1850-1900. Gore ra2022 richava "chete" rechishanu kana rechitanhatu rinopisa pane rekodhi, maererano nezvinyorwa zvehurumende, uye izvi "kutenda" kune simba risina kujairika, kwegore rechitatu rakatevedzana, reLa Niña ocean phenomenon, iyo yakakonzera kuderera kwekushisa. mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi. Zvisinei, izvi hazvidzore muitiro wenguva refu. Ingori nyaya yenguva kusvika pave nerimwe gore rinodziya parekodhi.
Kutaura idi, kudziya kunopfuurira. Avhareji yemakore gumi yenguva ye10-2013 inofungidzirwa kuva 2022ºC [1,14 kusvika 1,02ºC] pamusoro peiyo 1,27-1850 pre-industrial baseline. Izvi zvinofananidzwa ne1900 ° C kubva muna 1,09 kusvika 2011, sezvakafungidzirwa neIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report.
Kupisa kwegungwa kwaive pamazinga erekodhi muna 2021, gore rapfuura rakaongororwa, nehuwandu hwepamusoro hwekudziya mumakore makumi maviri apfuura. “Kuwedzera kudziya, ndiko kuwedzera kwazvinoita. Tine mwero wakakwira wecarbon dioxide mumhepo zvino zvekuti iyo 20 ° C yakaderera yeChibvumirano cheParis haichakwanise kusvika," vanopa zano Secretary-General weWMO Muzvinafundo Petteri Taalas.
Mukuona kwenyanzvi, “kune kunonoka kwakanyanyisa kweaizi yakawanda uye kunyunguduka kuchapfuurira kwemazana emakore, kana kusiri zviuru zvemakore, nemigumisiro inokosha pakuchengetedzwa kwemvura. Mwero wekukwira kwemvura yegungwa wakawedzera zvakapetwa kaviri mumakore makumi matatu apfuura. Kunyangwe tichiri kuyera izvi maererano nemamirimita pagore, wedzera kusvika hafu yemamita kusvika mita imwe pazana ramakore uye iri njodzi huru yenguva refu kumamirioni mazhinji emahombekombe nepasi-pasi."
“Kazhinji, avo vasina mutoro wemamiriro okunze vanotambura zvakanyanya, sezvataona nemafashamo anotyisa muPakistan uye kusanaya kwemvura kunouraya uye kwenguva refu muNyanga yeAfrica. Asi kunyangwe nzanga dzakanyatsogadzirirwa gore rino dzakaparadzwa nekunyanyisa, sezvinoonekwa mukupisa kwenguva refu uye kusanaya kwemvura munzvimbo zhinji dzeEurope nekumaodzanyemba kweChina, "akawedzera Purofesa Taalas.
Saizvozvowo, kudiwa kwe "mamiriro okunze akanyanya kunyanyisa" kunovimbiswa, "munhu wese ari pasi pano anogona kuwana nyevero dzekutanga dzinoponesa hupenyu."
Munyori Mukuru weUN, Antonio Guterres, aizopa Chirongwa cheAction kuCOP27 kuti azadzise Yambiro dzekutanga kune Vese mumakore mashanu anotevera. Parizvino hafu yenyika dzepasi rose haina ivo. Guterres akakumbira WMO kuti itungamire chirongwa ichi.
Huwandu hwetembiricha hunoshandiswa mumushumo wepakati we2022 kusvika pakupera kwaGunyana. Shanduro yekupedzisira ichaburitswa muna Kubvumbi unotevera.
Mamiriro emagasi makuru egreenhouse (carbon dioxide, methane uye nitrous oxide) achasvika kurekodha mazinga muna 2021. Kuwedzera kwegore negore kwemethane concentration ndiyo yakakwirira pane zvinyorwa. Dhata kubva kumakiyi ekutarisa zviteshi anoratidza mazinga emuchadenga emagasi ese ari matatu anoenderera achiwedzera panosvika 2022.
