Kunyorwa kwaMíriam (nhamba yenhema) mundandanda yezvinosuruvarisa kwakatanga pashure pokusawirirana nekambani yake yekare yenhare. Mwedzi yakati mushure mekuchinja mushandisi, kambani yapfuura yakada kubhadharwa kwemamwe marisiti zvisinei nekuti akange atozvibvisa mwedzi mishoma yapfuura. Míriam akaramba kubhadhara 60 euros yavakakumbira, achifunga kuti zvakanga zvisina kunaka kutakura mabhiri ekambani yaakanga asisashandi. Ndipo pakatangira dambudziko rake. Nekuda kwechikonzero ichi, akagamuchira nhaurirano achimuudza nezvekuiswa kwenhamba yake uye akafonera rondedzero yevakatadza. Zvese izvi, kunyangwe akambotaura kakawanda izvozvo
chikwereti chainzi hachina kubhadharwa.
Makore maviri gare gare, Míriam achiri kuverengerwa mune iyo rondedzero uye achatambura mhedzisiro kana achiedza kuita maitiro kana mabasa ezuva nezuva. Haakwanisi kuwana mari yekutenga motokari itsva kana kuchinja kambani inotengesa magetsi, gasi kana, zvakare, runhare rwake. Chikonzero ndechekuti nhamba huru yevanopa masevhisi uye masangano ezvemari anobvunza aya mazita-pakubhadharwa kwemuripo- vasati vapa chikwereti kana kusaina kondirakiti yechero basa rekutanga. Iye zvino, nyaya yake yamirira kugadziriswa mudare mushure mekumhan'arira nerubatsiro rwesangano reAsufin.
Julián Latorre akakumbirwawo nemushandi kuti abhadhare mari inosvika mazana matanhatu emaeuro isingaenderane sezvo akange aendesa kune imwe nharembozha achizadzisa zvese zvaidiwa uye kana nguva yakabvumiranwa yekusingaperi yapera. Izvo zvataurwa zvakaramba kubhadhara mari yainzi haisi kuumba chikwereti chechokwadi uye yakakurumidza kurangwa nemushandi: nhamba yake yakabatanidzwa mune imwe yezvinyorwa izvi. Mushure mekutaura kuburikidza neOCU, Julián akabvisa tsvina kubva pakurongwa asi aifanira kutsungirira zvirango zvakasiyana kwemwedzi. Matambudziko aive akasiyana, kubva pakurambwa pakusaina inishuwarenzi yemotokari yake, kumatambudziko nevemari vasina kuzeza kubvisa makadhi echikwereti avakange vabatanidza kumabhizinesi akasiyana. “Chero sangano randakaenda, vakandiudza kuti kwete,” anodaro Julián.
Zvikamu zvakatambudzwa naMíriam kana Julián zvinowanzoitika muSpain. Kuti uise faira rehutsotsi, zvinokwana kurega kubhadhara risiti ye50 euros chete. Tichifunga kuti mazhinji ekusabhadhara haakonzerwi nemitengo yakakwira kubva kunze kwenyika, mhedzisiro yacho inogona kumisa chibvumirano chebasa rekutanga nemutengi abatwa. Kuve pane imwe yeaya mazita kunokuvadza mugari kana achinge aita chibvumirano chebasa rehupenyu hwezuva nezuva senge remba, chikwereti chekukurumidza, kadhi rechikwereti kana kunyoresa runhare kana magetsi kana gasi mumba, pakati pezvimwe.
Mafaira anoshanda muSpain akasiyana. Pakati pawo pane aya anoshanda semakambani akazvimiririra, akadai seAsnef (National Association of Financial Credit Establishments), RAI (Registry of Unpaid Acceptances) kana Experian Credit Bureau. Bhangi reSpain, kune chikamu charo, rine Cirbe (Risk Information Center), iyo kunyangwe isiri rejista yevanotadza, inopa ruzivo kune vanhu vane njodzi yakaunganidzwa inodarika 1.000 euros. Kazhinji, zvinyorwa izvi zvinoshanda kuratidza kuti mushandisi anoratidzika akanyoreswa mazviri haana kunyungudika uye nekudaro, pane njodzi huru pakusaina chikwereti kana chibvumirano chebasa naye.
Zvinyorwa kubva kune imwe yemafaira anozivikanwa zvikuru, Asnef, anotsanangurira ABC kuti iyo data inosanganisirwa inoshandiswa nechinangwa chekupa kuchengetedzwa kwekutengesa kwekutengesa, pamwe ne "kubatsira kudzivirira kukanganisa uye kuongorora kugadzirisa kwevanhu vepanyama uye vepamutemo. «. Kubva kuAsnef havapi nhamba maererano nerudzi rwechikwereti kana nhamba chaiyo yevanhu vakanyoreswa mufaira, asi vanoti mukati memavhiki ekutanga edenda kune kuwedzera kuduku kwevakwereta. "Asi, pachave nekudonha nekukasira nekuda kwekumisikidzwa kwakabvumidzwa neHurumende uye nechibvumirano chechikamu chekumisa mashandiro emari evatengi vemasangano edu akabatana", vanobvuma mamwe masosi.
kudai muripo
Mukuwedzera, kune dzakawanda nyaya dzakadai seMiriam, umo munhu anopinda nekukanganisa, sezvinogona kuitika kana pane kusanzwisisana nekambani yekugovera, semuenzaniso. "Kunyangwe vanobhadhara zvakanyanya rimwe zuva vanogona kuona NUM yavo mufaira," yakayambira kubva kusangano revatengi reOCU. Muchokwadi, pane zviitiko zvekuba zvitupa kana hutsotsi hwekuhaya izvo zvinoita kuti tiwire mudandemutande iyo, kana yangove mukati, zvakaoma zvikuru kutiza.
Kubatanidzwa kusina basa
Kubva kuOCU anoreva nyaya yaGabriel (nhamba yenhema), uyo akashuma kuAEPD kuiswa kwake mufaira rehutsotsi pasina danho iri riri pamutemo. The Data Protection Agency yakaisa faindi ye50.000 euros paUnión de Créditos Inmobiliarios, kambani yakaita kusabatanidzwa kusiri kwechikonzero ichi uye chirango chakazosimbiswa neDare Renyika uye Supreme Court. Mutongo wacho unoyeuka kuti kuisirwa kwe data remushandisi mune registry kuve kwepamutemo, hazvina kukwana kuti chikwereti ive chaicho, asi zvakare zvinodiwa kuti kubatanidzwa kuve kwakakosha. Panyaya iyi, izvi handizvo nekuti Gabriel akanga akumbira kukanzurwa kwezvikamu zvakati kuti zvechikwereti chemba.
Ileana Izverniceanu, mutungamiri wekukurukurirana weOCU, anoyeuka kuti dzimwe nguva kubatanidzwa kunoitwa nekukanganisa, chikwereti hachisi chechokwadi kana kuti hachizadzisi zvinodiwa zvekunyora mufaira. Kana izvi zvikaitika, munhu anenge abatwa anofanira kukumbira kubviswa kubva kumuridzi werejista pavanenge vakuzivisa nezvekubatanidzwa. Kana vakasapindura, zvinofanirwa kuziviswa kuSpanish Data Protection Agency (AEPD) uye, pakupedzisira, pane sarudzo yekutonga mutongo wekuti muripo wekukuvadza kwakakonzerwa nekubatanidzwa zvisirizvo. Kune rumwe rutivi, kana zvakabvumwa kuti chikwereti chacho ndechechokwadi, mutengi anofanira kuchigadzirisa kare uye kutora uye kuchengetedza uchapupu hwekubhadhara kuti adzivise matambudziko mune ramangwana.
VeAsnef vanobvuma kuti pazviitiko “zvakanyanya” panogona kunge paine nyaya dzekuti mutengi ndiye akabatwa nekondirakiti yechitsotsi kana kubirwa chitupa. Zvinorema, vanoyeuchidza vagari varipo nezvesevhisi yemahara kushandisa kodzero yavo yekuwana, kugadzirisa, kudzima, kupikiswa uye kudzikisira.
kuyera kudzvinyirira
Kune rimwe divi, kuisirwa mune imwe yeaya asset solvency mafaera anoshandiswa senzira yekumanikidza kutora chikwereti. Asi, vagari vanosanganisirwa nekukanganisa havangove nekodzero yekuti data ravo ribviswe, asi vanogona zvakare kukumbira muripo mudare. Panyaya iyi, Fernando Gavín, weGavín & Linares, magweta anoshandira pamwe eAsufin, akataura kuti Dare Repamusorosoro rakaona kuti kana mumwe munhu akapinda mufaira reutsotsi ndeyekuongorora kugadzikana kwemunhu. “Chinangwa chacho hachigoni kuva chokumanikidza mumwe munhu kubhadhara chikwereti. Mune mamwe mazwi, mazita aya haagone kushandiswa nechisimba, uye zvakatonyanya kana mutengi aine chikumbiro chakavhurika kuburikidza nedhipatimendi rebasa revatengi", anowedzera Gavín.
Panguva imwecheteyo, Gavín anosimbisa kuti muripo wekupedzisira uyo makambani akamanikidzwa kubhadhara nekuda kwekutyora kodzero yekukudza unoverengerwa mumakiromita emaeuro. "Vaizoudza makambani aya kuti mapfupi haana kukosha, kana vachida kutora chikwereti, nzira ndeyekumhan'arira," Gavín akadaro.
Pamwe chete nemitsetse iyi, mutauriri weFacua, Rubén Sánchez, akasimbirira svondo rino panguva yekuratidzwa kwe #yonosoymoroso mushandirapamwe kuti kuiswa kwefaindi kumunhu wechisikigo kana wepamutemo ane mhosva yekuiswa mufaira revakwereti ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekuodza mwoyo makambani. "Sarudzo yekuisa mutengi mune registry inogona kusvibisa makambani kana vakaona kuti mutengi anomhan'ara," Sánchez akanyevera.
Vanogona kukuisa mufaira rinhi?
-Kuitira kuti pamutemo uise munhu mune rondedzero yevanotadza, chikwereti chinofanira kunge chiri "chaizvo, chakakodzera uye chinobhadharwa", ndiko kuti, chinofanira kunge chiri chikwereti chaicho chaifanira kubhadharwa kare uye chinofanira kuratidzwa .
-Kusabhadhara kwave kuri kwemari inopfuura 50 euros. Naizvozvo, makambani haakwanise kuverengera mune rondedzero yevanotadza avo vane chikwereti chiri pasi pemakumi mashanu euros.
- Kana chikwereti chiri mukugadzirisa kwekutonga, kutonga kana arbitral nhaurirano, kubatanidzwa kwemugari ari mubvunzo mune chero registry yerudzi urwu hakuzogadziriswi.
-Kuiswa pane rondedzero hakuzovi nemutemo kana panguva yechibvumirano chakanaka kana sevhisi mutengi asina kunyeverwa nezve mukana wekupedzisira mune rejista yevanotadza muchiitiko chekusabhadhara.
-Iyo nguva yakawanda yekugara kwe data mufaira inosvika kumakore mashanu kubva pakupera kwemazuva echisungo chakakonzera chikwereti, sezvakayeukwa kubva kuOCU.
