Francis Fukuyama (Chicago, 1952) musayendisiti wezvematongerwo enyika wekuAmerica anobva kuJapan. Chiremba wePolitical Science paHarvard University uye Purofesa weYunivhesiti yeInternational Political Economy paJohns Hopkins University muWashington.
Mukurumbira wenyanzvi iyi munhoroondo nedzidziso dzezvematongerwo enyika unobva muchinyorwa cha1989 chakanzi 'Kupera kwenhoroondo?', icho chakapa kuti pave nehurukuro nekushoropodza mumaforamu akasiyana siyana.
Parizvino, mupepeti wenhau we 'American Purpose', magazini yakatsaurirwa kuongorora zvematongerwo enyika, yakanyora fungidziro gumi nembiri dzekupedza sei kurwisa kweRussia kuUkraine. Fukuyama akanyora chinyorwa kubva kuNorth Macedonia, imwe yenzvimbo muEurope ine rutsigiro rwakanyanya kunaPutin.
Aya ndiwo mafambiro avo:
1. “Russia yakananga kukundwa muUkraine. Kuronga kweRussia kwakange kusingakwanisi, zvichibva pafungidziro isiriyo yekuti maUkraine aizova neushamwari kuRussia uye aibva adonha nekuda kwekupinda. Masoja eRussia aipfeka mayunifomu akazara ekukunda kwavo mukyiv pachinzvimbo chepfuti uye migove yekuwedzera. Putin panguva ino aita huzhinji hweuto rake kukushanda uku; hapana matura makuru emasimba avanogona kudaidza kuti vawedzere kuhondo. Mauto eRussia akavharirwa kunze kwemaguta akati wandei eUkraine, akatarisana nematambudziko makuru ekupa uye kurwiswa kweUkraine nguva dzose. "
2. “Kupunzika kwechinzvimbo chake kungave kupfidza nenjodzi, panzvimbo pokuti zviitike zvishoma nezvishoma kuburikidza nehondo yegasi. Mauto ari kumberi anozosvika paasingakwanise kupihwa kana kubviswa, uye tsika inopera. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kuchamhembe; MaRussia ari kuita zvirinani kumaodzanyemba, asi zvinzvimbo izvozvo zvichanetsa kubata kana kuchamhembe kwadonha. "
3. “Hapana mhinduro inodiwa kuhondo inobvira izvi zvisati zvaitika. Hapana kukanganisika kunogamuchirwa kuRussia neUkraine, zvichipihwa kurasikirwa kwavakaita panguva ino. "
4. “United Nations Security Council yaratidzazve kusakosha kwayo. Chinhu chega chaibatsira yaive vhoti yeGeneral Assembly, iyo inobatsira kuona vatambi vakaipa kana prevaricators yenyika ".
5. “Sarudzo dzevakuru veBiden dzekusazivisa nzvimbo isina nhunzi kana kubatsira kutamisa maMiG ePoland dzaive dzakanaka; vakabata misoro yavo kwenguva yakati rebei. Zviri nani kuti maUkraine akunde maRussia ega, achinyima Moscow chikonzero chekuti NATO yakavarwisa, pamwe nekudzivirira zvese zviri pachena zvingangowedzera. MaPolish MiGs kunyanya aisazowedzera zvakawanda kuUkraine kugona. Chinonyanya kukosha ndeyekuenderera mberi kwekupihwa kwemapfumo (anti-tank missiles), stingers (pamusoro-to-air missile), TB2 (unmanned fight aerial vehicle), zvekurapa, zvekufambisa mashoko, uye ruzivo rwakagovaniswa. Ini ndinofungidzira kuti mauto eUkraine ari kutotungamirwa neNATO intelligence inoshanda kubva kunze kweUkraine. "
6. “Mutengo uri kubhadhara Ukraine wakakurisa, hongu. Asi kukuvadzwa kwakanyanya kunokonzerwa nemaroketi uye artillery, izvo zvisingaite maMiGs kana nzvimbo dzisina kubhururuka zvingaite zvakawanda nezvazvo. Chinhu chimwe chete chinomisa kuuraya kukundwa kweuto reRussia pasi."
7 “Putin haazopukunyuki pakukundwa kweuto rake. Anowana tsigiro nemhaka yokuti anorangarirwa somurume ane simba; Chii chainopa kana ichinge yaratidza kusagona uye yatorerwa simba rayo rekumanikidza?
8. “Kurwisa kwacho kwakatokuvadza zvikuru vanhu vari munyika yose, avo vasati varwisa vanoratidza zvakafanana tsitsi dzavo kuna Putin. Izvi zvinosanganisira Matteo Salvini, Jair Bolsonaro, Éric Zemmour, Marine Le Pen, Viktor Orbán uye, hongu, Donald Trump. Zvematongerwo enyika zvehondo zvakafumurwa zvine tsinhiro dzayo dzeudzvanyiriri.
9. “Hondo kusvika panguva ino yanga iri sarudzo yakanaka kuChina. Kufanana neRussia, China yakavaka mauto anoita kunge epamusoro-soro mumakore gumi apfuura, asi havana ruzivo rwekurwa. Kuita kunosiririsa kwemauto emuchadenga eRussia kungangove kwakadzokororwa nePeople's Liberation Army Air Force, iyo isinawo ruzivo mukutonga kuzere-kushanda kwemhepo. Tinogona kutarisira kuti vatungamiriri veChinese havazozvinyengedze nezve kugona kwavo sezvakaita maRussia mukufunga nezve ramangwana rekurwisa Taiwan. "
10. “Ndinovimba kuti Taiwan yakaodzwa mwoyo nekudiwa kwekugadzirira kurwa sezvakaitwa nevanhu vekuUkraine uye kudzoreredza kunyoreswa. Ngatiregei kukundwa nguva isati yakwana."
11. "Losturcos drones ichava vatengesi vepamusoro".
12. “Kukundwa kweRussia kuchaita kuti ‘kuberekwa kutsva kworusununguko’ kubvire uye kuchaita kuti tisatya kuparara kwehurumende yenyika yose. Mweya wa1989 uchararama nekuda kwevashoma veUkraine vakashinga. "