Dzhojar DudayevManuel P. Villatoro@VillatoroManuUpdated: 26/04/2022 01:42h
Muna 1996, Dzhojar Dudáyev akanga asiri panzvimbo inoonekera nekutya kudzorwa neRussia. Mutungamiriri weChechen, mumwe weavo vakanyanya kutambudzwa naBoris Yeltsin, haana kunakidzwa nechiedza chezuva. Nekudaro, kufambisa kweRussia kwakamumanikidza kuti aratidze ruvara rwake kubva pakupera kwaFebruary, mushure mekumisa kurwa kunoshamisa kwakaziviswa kubva kuMoscow. Zvese zvaive musungo. Musi wa21 Kubvumbi wegore rimwe chetero, mushure memusangano nemunhu akatumirwa kubva kuRussia, mukuru anooneka wevanopikisa veko akafona nenharembozha yake. Chakanga chiri chinhu chokupedzisira chaakaita. Maminitsi mashoma gare gare, ndege dzakati wandei dzakasimuka dzikadonhedza mabhomba ega ega panzvimbo yadzo. A master coup, mauto nezvematongerwo enyika, yemutungamiri weRussia.
[Kuti uzive zvakawanda nezve Chechen Wars against USSR, tevera iyi link]
kusava nechokwadi kwekutanga
Taifanira kumirira kuti tinzwe nhau, zvinhu zvekuongororwa kwemumwe nemumwe, asi ruzivo rwakazobuda pachena mazuva mana gare gare. "Kuvhiringika pamusoro pekufa kunogona kuitika kwaDudayev mukurwiswa kweRussia muChechnya," ABC yakaronga musi wa25 Kubvumbi. Ruzivo rwakanga rwabuda zuva rapfuura kubva kune mumwe Ahmed Yarijánov, aimbova mukuru wevapanduki nhumwa vakataurirana neMoscow muna 1995: "Dudáyev afa, hapana kupokana nezvazvo". Akawedzera kuti kurwiswa kwacho kwakaitika akarembera “ndege yeRussia yakanga yarwiswa muguta reGueji-Chu, makiromita 30 kubva kuGrozny, uko mutungamiri wacho akanga achisangana neVarindi vake vomuMuzinda waMambo.
Kubva ipapo kusava nechokwadi kwakatanga. Munyaya yenhau, zvakatsanangurwa kuti Saipudi Jasanov, mumiriri wemutungamiri wevapanduki muMoscow, akanga aramba zvachose rufu: "Achiri mupenyu uye achishanda pamwero wakajairika." Mumusangano nevatungamiriri vepasi rose, gyrfalcon akasimbirira kuti akange ataura naDudáyev Muvhuro mumwe chete iwoyo, saka zvaisaita kuti maRussia vamupedze neSvondo.
Vakuru vakuru vakamutevera. Kana kuti, vakasarudza kunyarara, sezvakataurwa nemutori wenhau weABC mumushumo wakawanda: "Mutori wenhau muChechnya weRussian private terevhizheni NTV akataura nevatungamiriri vanoverengeka veChechen uye hapana akataura zita rake." Ndiani ainyepa? Hazvigoneke kuziva, kunyangwe mumvuri waYeltsin waitenderedza senge chipotsera chakarova muvengi weKremlin.
+ infoYeltsin naFélix Pons Kukwazisana Maoko - ABC
Yakanga isiri kusvika China 25 yemwedzi mumwe chete iwoyo iyo ABC yakasimbisa kuti Dudáyev akanga afira mumaoko eKremlin. “Musoro wake unokosha pakurema kwawo mundarama,” akanyora kudaro J. Cierco, munyori wepepanhau iri muBeijing. Panguva iyoyo ndege dzaYeltsin dzakanga dzatobuda pachena. “Chikumbiro cherunyararo chaive nemanomano. Mutungamiriri wenyika paakazivisa nekufara kukuru kumisa kurwa muChechnya nekuvhurwa kwenhaurirano, akange achigadza mukuru. " Yakanga yakakwana. Kana kusvika panguva iyoyo mutungamiri wevapanduki akafamba husiku - haana kumborara pasi pedenga rimwechete uye aisatombobuda kunze masikati kuti asawanikwa nemaRussia - izvo zvakamumanikidza kuti achinje.
Machiavellian kurwisa
Kremlin's chess kufamba yakamanikidza mutungamiri wekuparadzanisa kuti ataure, kuita misangano nevashandi vake, kubvunzurudza nevatauri veRussia uye, chokwadi, kunamirwa kune yake satellite foni. Zvinhu kubva kumakore makumi mapfumbamwe. Technology yaivepo yaakauraya. Pa 21st, veSoviet vakatora nharembozha ndokuudza Air Force kwaive naDudayev. Zvinoshamisa, wezvematongerwo enyika akanga agamuchira runhare kubva kuMoscow, musungo wakakwana. Nenguva isipi, boka remauto rakasimuka ndokudonhedza nhumbi dzayo dzaityisa pamusha weChechen. Maroketi akatora hupenyu hwake. "Panguva ino, maRussia akarova pakati pebullseye," Cierco akatsanangura.
Pamwe chete naye vakawira pasi vapi vamazano vake nehama dzake dzakawanda. “Aiva nemukadzi wake, vanachipangamazano vanoverengeka nevaperekedzi uye mumiriri wepamusoro asinganzwisisike kubva kuMoscow. Dudayev, Yaniyev, Jamad Kurbanov, uye mukuru weRussia vakabuda vakananga musango kuti vatarise satellite yavo antenna uye kufona. Panguva iyoyo chaiyo, chombo chepamusoro-soro chakawira pavari, "ABC yakatsanangura. Sezviri pachena vose vakarasikirwa ipapo kunze kwomutungamiriri weChechen, uyo akashandisa zvakakwana kupa murayiro wake wokupedzisira: “Pedzisa zvatatanga!” Panguva iyoyo akafunga kuti mukana wokuti mumiririri weRussia akanga ari hwambo hwakabayirwa naYeltsin; kwete zvakare zvekuverevedza.
+ ruzivo
Sezvakawanda zvepasi, Cierco akagutsikana kuti Moscow yakanga yaronga chirongwa che Machiavellian chekudzikisa Dudáyev. Kunyanya, pfungwa yakapararira yaive yekuti mutungamiri weRussia apedza naye kuhwina mamiriyoni mashoma evhoti musarudzo dzinotevera. "Ndakabata mhumhi yeChechen nekuda kwe" chirevo chakavanzika" chechirongwa cherunyararo chakagadzirwa neKremlin - chirevo chakataura kuparadzwa kwakakosha kwemauto nezvematongerwo enyika kwaDudáyev nevamwe vatungamiriri vakazvimiririra - Boris Nikolayevich parizvino, kunyanya ndiro yesirivha, musoro uchakurumidza kuratidza vavhoti vayo uye unokosha huremu hwayo mugoridhe.
+ ruzivo
Chisingarambike ndechekuti mutungamiri wenyika yeRussia akachengeta vimbiso yake. Uye akaita, sezvakatsanangurwa neABC, mushure mekupedza gore nechidimbu achityora kururamisira. "Kwasara mwedzi isingasviki miviri kuti sarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika dziitwe, muvengi wekutanga weKremlin akavigwa muShalachi nezuro," bepanhau rino rakawedzera.
Kurwiswa uku kwakaongororwa nevanyori vakaita saAlejandro Muñoz-Alonso. Mutori wenhau weABC akasimbirira kuti "nekufa kwemutungamiri weChechen, Yeltsin akaziva kunyanyisa kwekuda kwake mumwedzi ichangopfuura uye, pamwe, anowana zano rakakosha pamushandirapamwe wesarudzo."
MuChechnya, rufu rwakasangana nehasha. Sezviri pachena, nokuda kwegamuchidzanwa romunzvimbomo ramadzitateguru iro rairaira mhuri yomunhu anourawa nenzira yamasimba masimba kutsiva pasina kunonoka. "Ndosaka, kubva nezuro, kana kufa kwaYojar Dudáyev kwangosimbiswa, hupenyu hwaBoris Yeltsin huri munjodzi kupfuura nakare kose," ABC yakashuma.
Mutungamiriri wenyika, uyo aifanira kutenderera hafu yeRussia kuitira danidziro dzemutungamiri wenyika, akacherechedza izvi uye akawedzera kuchengeteka kwake. “Mhuri yakajeka nezvechinangwa chayo. Vatori vechikamu veaimbova mukuru mukuru weRed Army havangave vega. Vanhu vekuNorth Caucasus vakapika kutsiva rufu rwemutungamiri wavo mushure memazuva matatu ekuchema kwakatarwa munyika,” rakasarudza bepanhau rino. Sezvineiwo, hapana chakaitika kwaari.
