Mamiriro ezvinhu ehupfumi akaomarara uye sarudzo dzakavhurirwa shanduko dzezvematongerwo enyika dzakasimba ndizvo zvinokonzeresa izvo, kana zvine chekuita, kana zvabatanidzwa zvinoumba njodzi inocherechedzwa yekugadzikana kwevanhu munyika. Pakupera kweLatin America "makore gumi egoridhe", nekuwanda kwemutengo wezvigadzirwa kubva muna 2015, mafungu ekuratidzira kwevanhu uye mamwe maitiro esarudzo munyika dzinoverengeka aifanirwa mumakore anotevera. Mamiriro ezvinhu akapararira nedenda uye akavenga kuti dunhu rakatarisana nedenda repashure raive risina kunaka pane zvaitarisirwa.
Vekupedzisira vakanyeverwa neInternational Monetary Fund (IMF), iyo ichangobva kuvimbisa kuti "kudzoreredza nesimba kweLatin America kuri kupera simba uye kudiwa kwekuvandudzwa.
ita kuti zvive pachena." Kudzikira uku mukufanotaura kwehupfumi hwedunhu - fungidziro yekukura kwepasi, inflation yakakwira uye chikwereti chinoshungurudza - kunoitika pakutanga kwesarudzo dziri kuitwa munyika dzinoverengeka pakati pa2021 na2024. Tichifunga nezvehurongwa hwesarudzo hwakaoma huri mberi, kusagadzikana kwevanhu kuri kuramba kuchikonzera njodzi huru uye nyaya yekusaenzana inofanirwa kugadziriswa,” inodaro IMF.
vhoti yekusagutsikana
Kukunda kwesarudzo dzakanyanyisa dzezvematongerwo enyika muPeru neChile gore rakapera kune chekuita nevhoti yekusagutsikana yakafanana nemamiriro ezvinhu ekuderera kwesimba rekutenga uye kuwedzera kwekusaenzana. Sarudzo idzi kupera kwesvondo rapfuura muchikamu chekutanga muCosta Rica uye idzo dzakarongwa mumwedzi mishoma muColombia uyezve muBrazil dzinogona kuunza shanduko yehurumende inokonzerwa nevhoti yechirango, kunyanya munharaunda dzakasarudzika dzezvematongerwo enyika: Costa Rica ishoma.
Izvo zvinotarisana nedunhu, chero zvakadaro, inguva yekukwira kwemitengo uye kudiwa kwekuvandudzwa kwemaitiro uye kuderedzwa kwemari izvo zvisiri pachena kuti hurumende dzichakwanisa kugadzirisa sei. Izvi zvakajekeswa neIMF pakudzikisa fungidziro yekukura kwehupfumi hwedunhu gore rino: Gumiguru yapfuura yakafanotaura kuwedzera kwe2022% muGDP muna 3, asi ikozvino yakadzikisa kukura kusvika 2,4%. Kune rumwe rutivi, UN Economic Committee yeLatin America neCaribbean (ECLAC) inoisa kuwedzera ku2,1%. Kuve kondinendi ine hupfumi huri kusimukira, chikamu chakaderera pane chinodiwa kuti pave nekufambira mberi kwemagariro nehupfumi; kurasikirwa kunoenderana neSouth America, nekuwedzera kwekufanotaura kwe1,4% chete (4,5% munyaya yeCentral America, maererano neCepal).
Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemashandisirwo emari neveruzhinji kumanikidzwa nedenda (muna 2020 raive 24,7% mudunhu, zvichienzaniswa ne14,7% muna 2012), hurumende dzakaita kushomeka kwakanyanya (6,9% muna 2020) uye dzave nechikwereti chakanyanya (veruzhinji. chikwereti muna 2020 chakasvika makumi manomwe neshanu muzana, apo denda risati radzikamiswa 71%) uye
Dai chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chemabasa akarasika muna 2020 chisati chadzoserwa muna 2021, uye zvinoramba zvichionekwa kuti basa rinofamba sei gore rino.
Inflation uye kusagadzikana kwevanhu
Kana iri inflation, chiyero chayo chaive 6,4% muna 2021 (isingasanganisire Venezuela kana Argentina, ine inflation yakawandisa), asi mu5 hupfumi hukuru (Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Chile nePeru) yakasvika 8,3%. mumakore gumi nemashanu, pamusoro pemamwe misika iri kusimukira (zvakare kana izvo zviri pasi zvichitariswa).
IMF inosimbisa kuti, muLatin America nepasirese, kukwira kweinflation ndekwenguva pfupi uye kuti "tarisiro yenguva refu yekukwira kwemitengo yakaramba yakatsiga", nekuita kubva kumabhanga epakati penyika zhinji dzeAmerica. idzo dzave "nekukurumidza uye dzakasimba" maitiro ekukwidza mhindu.
Hapana anobvuma, zvisinei, kuti nharaunda yacho yakave nezvikamu zverunaway inflation iyo, munyika dzakawanda, yakatambura kuvhiringidzika kwakakomba munzanga; yekupedzisira yenguva idzodzo yakaitika makumi maviri emakore apfuura. Asi kunyangwe ikasawira muinflation spiral yakakomba zvakare, kudiwa kwekudzikisa mari uye kugadzirisa maakaundi ebhajeti kudzikisa chikwereti chekunze kunogona kukonzera kurambana pakati pehurumende nevagari, zvichiunza kusagadzikana uye kunetsana kwezvematongerwo enyika.
