Injini, hood, mawilo, nyali zakutsogolo, magalasi kapena zitseko. Zonsezi ndi gawo la magalimoto ndipo malamulo aku Europe akuwonetsa kuti 95% yamagalimoto amayenera kubwezeretsedwanso. Zoposa 4.000 zidutswa zomwe zimasakaniza pulasitiki, ulusi wansalu, chitsulo, chitsulo, aluminiyamu, mafuta, mafuta. Kumene tsopano tiyenera kuwonjezera ena monga graphite kapena lithiamu. 'Zosakaniza' zomalizazi ndizofunikira m'mabatire a magalimoto atsopano amagetsi, "pakali pano si vuto lalikulu, koma akhoza kukhala m'tsogolomu chifukwa zonse zidzakhala ndi magetsi", akuyankha José María Cancer Abóitiz, CEO wa Cesvimap. , pa World Recycling Day.
Chaka chatha, ku Spain, magalimoto amagetsi a 36.452 adalembetsedwa, chiwerengero chapamwamba kuposa 2021. Koma, inde, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto opangidwa ndi magetsi sikumafika pa 1% ndipo magalimoto opangira plug-in ndi oyera amaimira 0,5% ndi 0,4% ya okwana motsatana. "Zikuyembekezeka kuti kudzikundikira kwa mabatire kuchokera pamagalimoto amagetsi pofika chaka cha 2025 kudzapitilira mapaketi 3,4 miliyoni," zomwe zidachokera ku Recyclia ndi Recyberica Ambiental zikuwonetsa.
Kafukufuku wakale akuwonetsa kuti mpaka 70% ya zinthu zomwe zili m'mabatirewa "zikhoza kubwezeretsedwanso," akutero Cancer. Panopa pali njira ziwiri zochiritsira: hydrometallurgy ndi pyrolysis. Poyambirira, mwa kumizidwa mumtundu wina wamadzimadzi omwe amawononga zinthu monga zitsulo kapena aluminiyamu, koma "amalola kuti tichire, mwachitsanzo, lithiamu", ikuwonetseratu CEO wa Cesvimap. Pankhani ya njira yachiwiri, zida zimawotcha ndipo aluminiyamu kapena mkuwa samatulutsa oxidize, koma "graphite imawotcha", onani. "Pakadali pano, palibe njira yomwe imapangitsa kuti zitheke kubwezeretsa 100% ya zigawo zomwe zili m'mabatirewa," akuwonjezera. "Tsopano, kugwiritsanso ntchito ndikothandiza kwambiri."
"Kugwiritsanso ntchito bwino"
Nthawi zambiri, opanga magalimoto onse amatsimikizira mabatire a mabasi amagetsi awa kwa zaka zosachepera zisanu ndi zitatu kapena ma kilomita 100.000. "Pamene magwiridwe antchito agwera pansi pa 80%, woyendetsa ayenera kubzala m'malo," akutero opanga. Koma izi "sizikutanthauza kuti sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito," akutero Carcer. “Akhoza kukhalanso ndi moyo wachiŵiri wa mwanaalirenji,” iye akuchenjeza motero.
"Mu 75% ya ngozi zamagalimoto amagetsi, batire imatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito"
Jose Maria Cancer Aboitiz
Cesvimap CEO
Pofika mu 2020, kuwonjezera pa likulu ku Ávila, adafuna kuwapatsa ntchito yopuma pantchito. Cáncer anati: “N’zosokoneza kwambiri kutaya zipangizo zonse zaumisiri ndi zipangizo zimene zaikidwa mu batire. M'zaka zaposachedwa, "zotayika zonse zafika kumalo ake ndipo tayesetsa kubwezeretsa mabatire a magalimoto amagetsi," akutero.
Choyamba, amayang'ana ngati angathe kuikidwa m'galimoto ina, chifukwa "mu 75% ya ngozi, batire ikhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito," akutero. "Tsopano tikuyang'ana momwe ngati galimoto singasunthidwe, ikhoza kukhala yosungirako mphamvu kunyumba", adatero CEO wa Cesvimap. "Taziyesa ndipo ndizothandiza."
Komabe, "pakadali pano ndichinthu chotsalira," akutero Cáncer. Kumaofesi ake, mu 2022, mabatire 73 adafika, "ndiye 26% yakufa kwa magalimoto amagetsi ku Spain", koma sizikukwaniritsa zonse zomwe zaperekedwa. "Chitani, zitha kuchitika," akutsindika.
Ukadaulo ulipo, koma mtengo wake wobwezeretsa ndikugwiritsanso ntchito sizopambana chifukwa "ayenera kudutsa njira yowononga ndikukonzanso kuti agwiritsidwenso ntchito," Cancer idafotokoza. "Kuonjezera apo, tikhoza kulankhula za mabatire apamwamba chifukwa ndi okonzeka kupirira kutentha kwakukulu ndi zotsatira zamphamvu."
Kubwezeretsanso kwa mabatirewa kumayimira zovuta kwa makampani omwe ali mgululi omwe akupitiliza ulendo wawo wopita kumagetsi oyenda. Kubwerera komwe kumadziwonetsera pa Tsiku Ladziko Lonse Lobwezeretsanso Vutoli lidzakhala loona m'zaka khumi zikubwerazi pamene moyo wothandiza wa oyamba kufika watha.
Mabatire onyamula amzindawu
Ngakhale mpaka kufika padenga la nyumba, mabatire a magalimoto amagetsi apeza njira yapakatikati yomwe omwe ali ndi udindo wa Cesvimap adabatiza ngati "paketi ya batri".
Mapangidwe amtundu wa mabatire agalimoto amalola kupanga zida zazing'ono zonyamula zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthetsa mavuto akanthawi. "Zida izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi ma module a 48 ndipo ndi awiri okha mungathe kumanga kale mphamvu zosungira," adatero Cancer. Ntchito yake yoyeserera chifukwa chopatsa mphamvu ili ndi zida zake zowonera. "Tsopano, titha kupereka kudziyimira pawokha pafupifupi makilomita a 10 kugalimoto yamagetsi yomwe imapereka popanda mphamvu mumzinda."
