Ángeles Carmona (Seville, 1965) ndi purezidenti wa Observatory motsutsana ndi Nkhanza zapakhomo ndi Jenda. Lawyer of the Administration of Justice kuyambira 1994, pa Marichi 8 yodziwika ndi kutsutsana kwa lamulo la inde yekha ndiye inde, Carmona amawona momwe zapitira patsogolo polimbana ndi nkhanza zogonana pokambirana ndi News. Zalamulo.
Pali kale azimayi khumi omwe adaphedwa ndi amuna pamilandu yopha akazi mu 2023, pomwe pali kale ana 13 amasiye. Purezidenti wa Observatory sali wachilendo pakufulumira kwazomwe zikuchitika. "Nthawi zonse mkazi akaphedwa pamakhala kulephera m'dongosolo," akutsindika, ngakhale adakwaniritsa sizochepera. Tumizani uthenga wopatsa chiyembekezo. "Ndife dziko la ku Ulaya lomwe lili ndi chiwerengero chochepa kwambiri cha kupha anthu chifukwa cha nkhanza za amayi." Ndipo akuwonjezera kuti: "Akazi sayenera kusiya kukhulupirira mabungwe, makamaka mu Administration of Justice."
Kuonjezera apo, amatenga mwayi wotsutsa kugwiritsa ntchito ndale zachikazi, amalimbikitsa kuika pambali malingaliro ndi kulimbikitsa "zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri": kuthetsa malingaliro a amuna ndi akazi komanso kukwaniritsa kufanana kwenikweni.
Ndi chiyani chinakupangitsani kuti mupereke moyo wanu waukatswiri ku maphunziro a nkhanza za jenda?
Ndinaikidwa m’bwalo lamilandu ku Tarragona kumene ndinapezekapo pa milandu yambiri yokhudza nkhanza za amuna ndi akazi. Pamene ndinaganiza zosamukira ku Seville, ndinasangalala kuona kuti panali ntchito m’khothi langa la Nkhanza Zolimbana ndi Akazi nambala 3, ndinapempha ndipo ndinali ndi mwayi kuti ndinapatsidwa. Kuyambira ndili ndi zaka 16 sindinasamuke komwe ndikupita chifukwa ndi malo omwe anthu amawonekera tsiku lililonse.
Pali azimayi 10 omwe adaphedwa mu 2023. Chavuta ndi chiyani?
Nthawi zonse mkazi akaphedwa pamakhala kulephera kwadongosolo. Sitingalole kuti pali amayi, atsikana ndi anyamata omwe akupitirizabe kutaya miyoyo yawo chifukwa cha nkhanza za amayi. Ndipo nthawi zonse zikachitika, mabungwe omwe adagwira ntchito yolimbana ndi mliriwu, amasanthula nkhaniyo kuti ayese ma protocol kuti achitepo kanthu ndikupanga njira zotetezera anthu omwe akuchitiridwa nkhanza zachiwerewere kukhala zolimba.
Bungwe la Observatory limaphunzira za nkhanza za amuna ndi akazi ndi kupha anthu ndikuwunika mwatsatanetsatane za izi.
Chomaliza ndi chakuti mabungwe onse ayenera kupitiriza kugwira ntchito ndi cholinga chomveka bwino, chomwe sichili china koma kusalemba imfa imodzi yokha chifukwa cha izi. Ndipo timaika khama lathu mmenemo. Koma ndikufunanso kutumiza uthenga wabwino popeza tapita patsogolo kwambiri pankhaniyi, takwanitsa kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha amayi omwe akuphedwa ndipo, chifukwa cha izi, ndife dziko la ku Ulaya lomwe lili ndi chiwerengero chochepa kwambiri cha kupha anthu. ku nkhanza pakati pa amuna ndi akazi; ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti palinso miyoyo yambiri yomwe yapulumutsidwa, ngakhale sitingathe kuidziwa.
Chaka chapitacho, kuphedwa kwa mwana wamng'ono ku Sueca kunatsegula mkangano wokhudzana ndi kusamvana pakati pa mabungwe oweruza. Kodi mukuganiza kuti pali mwayi woti asinthe momwe makhoti amagwirira ntchito?
Nthawi zonse pali malo oti muwongolere. Chifukwa cha mlandu wowopsa womwe umanenanso, Observatory idakweza ku General Council of Judiciary, ndipo iyi posachedwa, njira zingapo zomwe cholinga chake chinali kukonza mgwirizano pakati pa mabungwe oweruza a Civil and Criminal orders ndikukomera kusinthana. za chidziwitso chomwe, Monga tawonera, chingakhale chofunikira. Mwa zina, zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri kuti Unduna wa Zachilungamo upatse makhothi onse omwe ali ndi mphamvu pa nkhani za mabanja mwayi wopeza System of Administrative Records to Support Administration of Justice (SIRAJ) kotero kuti, asanaganize zovomera zonena zakuthetsedwa kwa banja, kupereka chigamulo kapena kukhazikitsa mgwirizano wowongolera, atha kukambirana munthawi yeniyeni ngati pali milandu yokhudzana ndi nkhanza zokhudzana ndi kugonana, kutsutsidwa kapena njira zodzitetezera zomwe zingakhudze njira yomanga kapena kusudzulana ikuchitika. Kapena, mwinamwake, phunzirani kukhazikitsidwa kwa dongosolo la zidziwitso zadzidzidzi zomwe zimadziwitsa mabungwe a boma za kukhalapo kwa zigawenga zomwe zimakhudza kupanga zisankho pakutha kwa banja. Kusinthana kumeneku kuyenera kufunidwa ndi lamulo.
"Oimira athu ayenera kusiya kusiyana maganizo awo ndi kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito feminism ngati chida choponyera"
Mkangano wina waposachedwapa wachititsa kuti oweruza ayambe kuphunzitsidwa. Kodi mukuganiza kuti oweruza aku Spain akuvutika chifukwa chosaphunzitsidwa bwino pankhani za jenda?
Zotsutsa zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa Judicial Career yonse ndi zopanda chilungamo ndipo sizimayankha zenizeni, popeza maphunziro a gulu la akatswiriwa, opangidwa makamaka ndi azimayi, ndi osakayikira. Nkhani zokhudzana ndi momwe jenda zimakhalira zimalowa m'mayambiriro, ndiye kuti, kuyambira pamayeso olowera kusukulu kupita ku Judicial Career. Ndipo, kuwonjezera apo, amaphunzitsidwa muzowona za jenda m'njira yodutsa, m'madera onse, mosasamala kanthu za ulamuliro waulamuliro womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komanso, oweruza amene akufuna ukadaulo pa nkhani iliyonse, kaya mikangano-yoyang'anira, chikhalidwe kapena zamalonda, amayenera kuchita maphunziro pa jenda kuti athe kutenga zapaderazi mayeso. Kumbali ina, pali maphunziro apadera okhudza nkhanza pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Oweruza onse omwe amafunsira maudindo mubungwe lapadera akuyenera kuchita maphunziro okhudza nkhanza za jenda. Pomaliza, ndikufuna kunena kuti nkhanza za amuna ndi akazi ndizopadera mwazokha, monga zamalonda kapena zamagulu. CGPJ idapanga kale maphunzirowa kuti apeze luso lapaderali, koma silinathe kuyitanitsa malowa chifukwa chifukwa cha izi ndikofunikira kukonzanso Regulation of Judicial Career, kukonzanso komwe kuli udindo wa CGPJ koma kuti izi zitheke. sangachite chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu zake pamene ali pa udindo.
Iye nthawi zonse ankayang'anira lingaliro lakuti kukweza zilango kumatanthauza kuchepa kwa zigawenga. Maganizo anu ndi otani?
Kulanga milandu ikuluikulu ndi zilango zazikulu kumathandiza kufalitsa lingaliro lakuti mchitidwe waupanduwo ndi waukuludi ndipo, motero, anthu amaukana. Muzochitika zonse, muzolakwa zomwe tikukamba, pamodzi ndi kutumikira chilango, kuphunzitsidwanso kwa wolakwayo ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chochepetsera kubwerezabwereza.
Ziwerengero za CGPJ zimabweretsa kuchepetsa kwa inde yokha inde ku 700 ndikuyika chiwerengero cha zotulutsidwa pa 65. Kodi mungatumize uthenga wotani kwa ozunzidwa?
Azimayi asasiye kukhulupilira mabungwe, makamaka a Administration of Justice. Uthenga umene timawatumizira nthaŵi zonse ndi wakuti sali okha ndipo sayenera kulolera zachiwawa zilizonse, ngakhale zitaoneka ngati zobisika bwanji. Ndipo, chifukwa cha izi, kupempha thandizo, kunena zoona, ndikofunikira.
"Azimayi asasiye kukhulupirira mabungwe"
Lamuloli langoyamba kumene kugwira ntchito. Mutu wina unanena kuti kuthetsa ulamuliro ndi kufunikira kwa chithandizo chamankhwala choyambirira kungakhale chipwirikiti cha mphaka kwa ochita zankhanzawo kuti asinthe kugonana kwawo komwe adalembetsa ndikupewa lamulo lokhudza nkhanza pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Kodi mukuvomereza?
Bungwe Lamilandu Lalikulu Lamilandu lidafotokoza za lamuloli panthawiyo komanso malinga ndi zomwe bungwe lomwe ndikunena. Muchidziwitso chaukadaulo ichi, monga lamulo losamanga kwa Executive Power, kufunikira kotsimikizira kuti kusinthidwa kwa registry kutchulidwa za kugonana, monga momwe zidapangidwira m'malamulo, sikulola kuthawa kwa maudindo ndi maudindo. udindo kwa omwe akuchitiridwa nkhanza kwa amayi.
Chifukwa kulemera kwathunthu kwa udindo wothetsa nkhanza kwa amayi kumagwera pa Chilungamo. Mukuwona kwanu, ndi maulamuliro ena ati aboma omwe akuyenera kukhala odzipereka kapena kutengapo mbali?
Pali mabungwe ambiri aboma omwe ali ndi udindo wothana ndi nkhanza za amuna ndi akazi ndipo ndikuganiza kuti sindikulakwitsa ndikanena kuti onse adayesetsa kwambiri ndipo akufuna kuwongolera tsiku ndi tsiku. Observatory imapangidwa ndi mabungwe omwe ali mbali ya gawo la chilungamo (CGPJ, Ofesi ya Attorney General, General Council of Spanish Lawyers and General Council of Attorneys of Spain), ndi Executive Branch (Ministry of Justice, Ministry of the Mkati, Unduna wa Zaumoyo, Utumiki Wachiyanjano ndi Kufanana ndi Dipatimenti Yachilungamo ya Autonomous Community yomwe ili ndi luso pa nkhani yomwe ikugwirizana nayo).
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, pali magulu ambiri a akatswiri omwe tingagwire nawo ntchito ndikugwirizanitsa ku Observatory. Ndipo, kumbali ina, Nthambi Yachilamulo yawonetsanso kukhudzidwa kwake osati kokha kupyolera mu kupanga malamulo komanso ndi kusaina mu 2007 Pangano la Boma, lomwe Nyumba Yamalamulo ikugwira ntchito kale.
"Kuphunzitsidwanso kwa wolakwira ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuti muchepetse kubwerezabwereza"
Muzotsatsa zaposachedwa pali oweruza ambiri kuposa oweruza, komabe, chithunzi cha kufanana chimachepetsedwa poyang'ana Khoti Lalikulu, Khoti Lalikulu la Malamulo, Ofesi ya Prosecutor, Khoti Lachilungamo la EU ... Muzonsezi muli ambiri mwa amuna. Mukuganiza kuti ndi chifukwa chiyani amayi safika paudindo woweruza milandu?
zikomo, akazi ochulukirachulukira akufika paudindo womwe mpaka zaka zingapo zapitazo udali wa amuna okha. Akazi, masiku ano, amapezeka paliponse, m'mabungwe aboma komanso m'mabungwe apadera. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mpaka posachedwapa amayi adaletsedwa kugwira ntchito ya Judicial Career. Ndi nthawi yomwe iwonso ali ambiri mu utsogoleri woweruza, kotero kuti izi ndizofunikira kuti athe kuyanjanitsa ntchito yawo ndi ntchito zapakhomo komanso kusamalira ana ndi okalamba, zomwe zikupitirizabe kugwa kwambiri. mapewa a akazi.
Kodi zinthu zili bwanji pankhondo yomenyera ufulu wachikazi zaka 20?
Ndikukhulupirira kuti tiyenera kuyesetsa kuchotsa nkhondo ya amayi kuti ikhale yofanana ndi malingaliro andale. Oimira athu ayenera kusiya kusiyana kwa malingaliro awo ndikusiya kugwiritsa ntchito chikazi ngati chida choponyera ndikugwira ntchito pazomwe zili zofunika kwambiri, zomwe ndi kupindula kwa kufanana kwenikweni ndi kuthetsa malingaliro a amuna ndi akazi. Pazimenezi, tiyenera kusiya zomwe zimatitalikitsa ndi kupezerapo mwayi pa chilichonse chomwe chimatigwirizanitsa, ndikuchichita kuti chipindule akazi amasiku ano ndi a mawa, omwe ndi ana athu aakazi.
