Ua hōʻike ka Registry of Forensic Economists (REFOR) i ka piʻi nui ʻana o ka nui o nā panakalupa o ka poloka o nā kānaka kūlohelohe ʻē aʻe, i hoʻonui ʻia mai 2019 a 2022 e 280,07% (mai 2.544 i 2019 a i 9.669 i 2022) -, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka piʻi nui ʻana o nā panakalupa hui, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 18% (mai 4.055 i 2019 a i 4.755 i 2022).
I loko o kahi hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i kēia Pōʻakolu, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi hoʻohālikelike o ka hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū mai 2019 a 2022, me kekahi mau ʻāina o nā ʻāina hou (Kelemānia, Farani, Italia, Pokukala a me United Kingdom).
I ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻikepili, ua hōʻike ka poʻe loea REFOR, o kēia mau ʻāina āpau, ʻo Sepania ka mea i lōʻihi loa ka hana panakalupa mai 2019 -pre-covid- a i 2022 -post-covid-, 53,09%, ma lalo wale nō. ʻO ka United Kingdom kahi i hoʻoikaika ai lākou ma kahi o 75% (74,92%).
Eia naʻe, e like me kā lākou i kuhikuhi ai, ma nā ʻōlelo paʻa, e loaʻa iā Sepania i 2022 ka nui o nā banekorupa o nā ʻoihana i haʻahaʻa loa ma mua o ke koena o nā ʻāina i kālailai -5.248, hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 42.500 ma Farani a i ʻole 14.700 ma Germany-. ʻO Pokukala wale nō, me 2.202, hōʻike i kahi helu haʻahaʻa o nā banekorupa ma mua o kā mākou.
Pēlā nō, o nā ʻāina i kālailai ʻia, ma 2022 (hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2021), ua ʻike ka hapa nui i ka ulu banekorupa, ʻoiai me ka ikaika like ʻole: Sepania ma 11,33%, Farani kokoke i 50%; United Kingdom 57% a me Kelemānia 2,8%. Ke emi nei ma Italia, 30% a ma Pokukala, 38%.
