ʻO ka palapala lehulehu kikohoʻe ke poʻomanaʻo o ka ʻaha kūkā i mālama ʻia ma Pepeluali 13 a me 14 i loko o ke ʻano o ka ICADE-Fundación Notariado Chair on Legal Security in the Digital Society. ʻO kaʻaha kūkā, i kūkuluʻia iʻelua mau'āpana, i hoʻolaʻaʻia i ka palapala uila e like me ka mea hana palapala hou a ʻO ka nui o ka digitization o ka palapala notarial, ua hoʻokumuʻia e Abel Veiga, Dean o ka Faculty of Law of the Comillas Pontifical University (Comillas ICADE), a Segismundo Álvarez , hope-luna hoʻokele o ka noho.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Veiga i ka hoihoi nui i hoʻāla ʻia e ka lā, me ka ʻoi aku o hoʻokahi haneli i hoʻopaʻa inoa ma ka pūnaewele. No kāna ʻaoʻao, ua hōʻike ʻo Álvarez i ka waiwai o ka ʻaoʻao palapala i loko o ke kānāwai: "Ua ʻike kēlā me kēia loio i ke koʻikoʻi o nā palapala i ka wā e hōʻoia ai i nā kuleana." No ka notary, ua hoʻokō pono kēia mau ʻaha kūkā i ka pahuhopu o ka noho: "E hoʻokumu i ke kānāwai ma kahi ʻike ikaika o ka ʻenehana ʻenehana."
Ua hoʻokō ʻia ka pani ʻana o ka ʻaha kūkā e ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana e Sofía Puente, Luna Nui o ka Legal Security and Public Faith, nāna i ʻōlelo: "Ma ka Administration of Justice ua komo mākou i ke ala o ka digitalization no nā makahiki. He ala hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia a ʻaʻole hiki i ka Notariat Spanish ke haʻalele i kēia ala.
lā mua
ʻIke a me ka uila. ʻO Digitization ma ke ʻano he pae waiwai i ka intangible, ma lalo o ke poʻo inoa o ka ʻaha kūkā inaugural, i hāʻawi ʻia e ka notary a me ka luna o ka noho, Manuel González-Meneses. Ma kāna'ōlelo, ua hōʻoiaʻo ia: "ʻO ke kānāwai ka manaʻo, kaʻike, kaʻikepili ... Inā hāʻawi kaʻenehana iā mākou i kēia lā iʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kamaʻilioʻana, ka hoʻopaʻaʻana a me ka mālamaʻana i kaʻike, a ua laha loa i loko o ko mākou kaiaulu, a ināʻo ka hanana. ʻOi aku ka laulā o ka ʻike i kēia lā ma mua o ka wā ma mua, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke noho me ko mākou kua i kēlā ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻopili i ko mākou hopena i ka ʻenehana pepa".
A laila, ʻo ka papa ʻaina mua, Mai ka moʻomeheu a i ka palapala uila, ua hoʻoponopono ʻia e ka notary Juan Álvarez-Sala a loaʻa iā José Ángel Martínez Sanchiz, pelekikena o ka ʻAha Kūkākūkā Nui o nā Notaries a me ka Notaries Foundation, a me José Antonio Vega, Kumu o ke Kanawai Kalepa ma ke Kulanui o Extremadura.
Ua hana ʻo Martínez Sanchiz i moʻolelo no ka mōʻaukala o ka palapala kānāwai, e hoʻi ana i nā papa pākaukau, nā papa ʻeleʻele, nā papyri a me nā palapala. "ʻO ke ala i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo maoli - ua kuhikuhi ʻo ia - lōʻihi a paʻakikī. E hoʻokomo ʻia nā sila i loko o nā papa Roma a me nā papyri o nā ʻaelike kūʻai. Hoʻomanaʻo kēlā mau peʻa ma ka mea ʻē aʻe i ka pūlima uila o kēia manawa. Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i ka hilinaʻi o ka mea kākau: veritas a me legalitas, a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana o ka notary ma ke ʻano he luna aupuni.
ʻO José Antonio Vega i mālama i ka 'electronification' o ka palapala kānāwai, ka mea - i kona manaʻo - ʻaʻole ia e hāʻawi i kahi ʻano kānāwai hou, akā he hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ke code, kākoʻo a me ke kaʻina hana. Ua kuhikuhi ka polopeka "ua hana nā ʻenehana hou i kahi mea hana hou, ka palapala uila, e pane ana i ka evolution o ka ʻōlelo kamaʻilio ma waena o nā kāne a hiki i nā mea hōʻailona o ka ʻike ke codified physical magnitudes."
Ma ka colloquium ma hope, Martínez Sanchiz, e kū ana i ka manaʻo o ka palapala kānāwai ma ke ʻano he "reproduction" wale nō o kahi hana no nā kumu evidentiary, i kākoʻo i ka waiwai o ka palapala ma ke ʻano he ʻano o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka makemake hiki ke kūkākūkā ʻia, a no laila ma ke ʻano he mea e hiki ai. hāʻawi i ka ʻoihana ola ma ke ao kānāwai ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia i ke kahua litigious.
ʻO ka ʻenehana palapala uila ke kumuhana o ka papa ʻelua, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ʻo José María Anguiano, he loio a puka puka ma Computer Science, a me Rafael Palacios a me Javier Jarauta, nā ʻenekini ʻenehana a me nā kumu aʻo i ka ICAI Department of Telematics and Computing.
Ua wehewehe ʻo Anguiano i ka manaʻo a me nā hihia hoʻohana like ʻole o ka hashes (a i ʻole nā manamana lima o kahi faila), ma ke ʻano he mau mea hana cryptographic e hōʻoia i ka pono o nā faila uila. Palacios wehewehe i ka hana o asymmetric cryptography algorithms a me kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana ma ke ʻano he mau mea hana e hoʻokō i ka hūnā a me ka hōʻoia o ke kumu a i ʻole ka pūlima, nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pili ana i ka hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka computing quantum i ka palekana o kēia algorithm. I ka pōkole, ua hoʻopuka ʻo Jarauta i ka pilikia o ka mālama ʻana i ka manawa o nā faila kamepiula a me nā kiʻi i ka poʻe i hele mai e pili ana i nā pūlima uila lōʻihi i mea e mālama ai i ka hiki ke hōʻoia i ka manawa o nā palapala uila.
ʻO ke kolu o ka papaʻaina e pili ana i ka palapala uila o ke ʻano lehulehu, ma kāna ʻano triple typology o nā palapala hoʻokele, hoʻokolokolo a me nā palapala notarial. Me ka notari ʻo Francisco Javier García Más ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoponopono, ʻo Antonio David Bering ka poʻe haʻiʻōlelo, ke kākāʻōlelo kōkua PhD o ke kānāwai Administrative ma ke Kulanui ʻo Pablo de Olavide o Seville; ʻO Juan Ignacio Cerdá, loio a me ka hoa kaukaʻi o Administrative Law ma ke Kulanui o Murcia, a me ka notary Itziar Ramos.
Ua wehewehe ʻo Bering i ka holomua o nā faila hoʻokele uila āpau a me kā lākou unuhi ʻana i nā palapala hoʻokele ma ke kākoʻo uila kūʻokoʻa, e huki ana i ka manaʻo o ka hoʻokele palapala a me ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka helu helu ʻana i nā palapala pepa mua a me ka palapala uila maoli. No Cerdá, "ma Sepania ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka pono uila. Aia nā pilikia kino a me nā pilikia pilikino: ka hemahema o nā kino hoʻokolokolo, nā luna kānāwai a me nā mea hoʻopiʻi. ʻAʻole hoʻi i hoʻokō ʻia ke keʻena hoʻokolokolo hou a aia nā pilikia o ka palaualelo ʻenehana, nele i ka interoperability ma waena o nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokele kaʻina hana. Ma ka lima 'ē aʻe, Ramos ua hana me ka moku'āina o ka digitization o notarial kaʻina hana, ka mea i ka hoʻokumu 'ana me ka vein o na makahiki e ke kanawai 24/2001, ka mea i holomua, ka palapala notarial kumu a matrix ma ka uila format, e ae ana i ka dispatch. o nā kope uila i ʻae ʻia a maʻalahi, akā kaohi i ke ʻano o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka mea mua.
lā ʻelua
ʻO ka papa ʻaina e hiki mai ana, i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka ʻike ʻEulopa, kahi ʻano honua me ke komo ʻana o David Siegel, ʻāpana o ka Papa Hoʻokele o ka Federal Association of Notaries of Germany; Jeroen Van Der Weele, notari lehulehu o Holani; a me Jorge Batista da Silva, ka Peresidena o ka Hui Notari Pukiki.
Ua hōʻike ʻo David Siegel i ka ʻōnaehana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma Kelemania, ʻo ka transposing Directive 2019/1151, i ʻae i ke kumukānāwai telematic o nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi a me kā lākou hōʻike ʻana i ka Mercantile Registry. Ua wehewehe ʻo ia i nā ʻano loea e ʻae i ka hana notarial ma kahi mamao me nā hōʻoia like me ke kanaka a me ke aupuni hou a me ka ʻōnaehana no ka hana ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka palapala haku uila.
Ua kuhikuhi ʻo Van Der Weele, i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻaha kānāwai i kēia manawa ma kona ʻāina, "hiki ke hoʻokumu i nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi i ke kino i mua o ka notary public" no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻololi i ka Directive, akā wehewehe ʻo ia aia kahi papahana kānāwai e like me ke kūlana German. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Da Silva, ma kāna ʻaoʻao, ua hoʻokumu ka Portuguese Decree Law 126/2021 i kahi aupuni kānāwai no ka ʻae ʻana, ma o ka wikiō, hoʻoholo i nā hana lehulehu a wehewehe pū i ke ʻano no ka hoʻoiho telematic o nā kope ʻae ʻia.
A laila, hāʻawi ka notary Carlos Higuera i ka hālāwai kūkā Incidence o ka bila no ka transposition o ka digitization kuhikuhi o nā hui kapikala i ka palapala notarial. I loko o ia mea, ua hoʻokō ʻo ia i kahi wehewehe wehewehe ʻana o ka bila 121/000126 i kēia manawa i ka ʻaha kūkā o nā ʻelele, no ka mea e pili ana i nā palapala notarial, me nā mea hou nui e like me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi protocol uila i hōʻike i ka protocol holoʻokoʻa o ka pepa a me kēlā. ma lalo o ka mana o ka notary titular e waiho ʻia a mālama ʻia i loko o ka ʻōnaehana o ka ʻAha Nui o nā Notaries; a me ka hiki ke hāʻawi aku i ka notarial mamao no kekahi mau ʻano palapala, i waena o ia mau mea e pili ana i ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻoihana a me nā hana ʻē aʻe o ke ola ʻoihana.
ʻO ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka palapala notarial ka papa ʻaina hope loa o ka ʻAhaʻōlelo. Me nā hana a nā notaries ʻo José Carmelo Llopis, ʻo Fernando Gomá a me Javier González Granado, ʻo José Cabrera, he loio a me ka mea noiʻi ma ke Kulanui ʻo Comillas, i hana ma ke ʻano he moderator.
Ua kālele ʻo Llopis i kāna hōʻike ʻana i ka hāʻawi mamao, ma ke ʻano o ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi palapala uila. Ma ke ʻano kikoʻī, ua hoʻokaʻawale ka mea haʻiʻōlelo i kāna ʻōlelo i ʻekolu wahi. ʻO ka mea mua, pono i kahi ala paʻa no ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā palapala e pono ai no ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka notary. ʻO ka lua, ʻo ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka faila uila a ka notary. A ʻo ke kolu, ʻo nā pono o ka palapala uila, ʻo ia hoʻi, kona interoperability.
Ua hōʻike ʻo Gomá i kahi pepa e pili ana i ke kope uila ma ke ao. Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana o kēia manawa no ka hoʻopuka ʻana i nā kope uila i ʻae wale ʻia no ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā notaries ʻē aʻe, nā kākau inoa a i ʻole nā luna hoʻomalu a i ʻole nā luna hoʻokolokolo a no kahi kumu kikoʻī, ua hana ʻia ka ʻōnaehana hou no ka hoʻopuka ʻana i ka palapala notarial e lawe pū me ia i ka bila i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua. , e ʻae i ke komo ʻana i ke kope ma ke ʻano uila i kēlā me kēia kanaka e hōʻike ana i ka hoihoi kūpono.
I ka pōkole, ua kamaʻilio ʻo González Granado i ka pilikia o ka matrix a me ka protocol electronic, e hoʻoikaika ana i nā pono o kahi matrix uila e noʻonoʻo ʻia e hoʻokomo i nā ʻike ikaika ma o nā loulou.
