ʻO ke kiʻi o Schackleton, ma kekahi o kāna mau huakaʻi - ABCIsrael VianaMadridHoʻouka hou ʻia: 14/03/2022 04:13h
“Me ka hoʻonui ʻole, ʻo ia ka moku lāʻau maikaʻi loa aʻu i ʻike ai. Kū kiʻekiʻe, haʻaheo ma ke kai, paʻa a ma kahi kūlana maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana. He mea nui ia i ka mōʻaukala polar, "i hōʻoia ʻo ia iā ABC Mensun Bound ma ka Pōʻakolu. ʻO ka luna hoʻokele o ka huakaʻi i ʻike i ka moku ʻo Ernest Shackleton (1874-1922), ua hiki iā ia ke ʻike i ka Endurance nalowale a poina i ka hohonu o 3.008 mika, ma ke Kai Weddell, no hoʻokahi haneli.
Ua hoʻomaka e kākau ʻia ka hopena pōʻino o ka moku o Shackleton ma Ianuali 18, 1915, ʻoiai e paʻa ana ka brig nani i loko o kahi hau hau. Ua hoʻāʻo ka mea mākaʻikaʻi e lilo i kanaka mua e hele i Antarctica ma o ka Pole Hema, akā ʻaʻole i lanakila.
Ma hope o kekahi mau mahina i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ua loaʻa ka Endurance i ka pōʻino mai nā ʻāpana hau i ka wā i hoʻoheheʻe ai i ka pūnāwai a hāʻule mau loa. Ua koi ʻia ka mea mākaʻikaʻi a me kāna mau kānaka e kūʻē i kahi mikiona ola kupaianaha i hoʻopau kupanaha i ka kūleʻa ʻewalu mahina ma hope.
+ infoMemory o Schacklenton, ma ABC Cultural, ma 2015 - ABC
Ua hoʻopakele ʻia nā mea a pau, e hana ana i kēlā hoʻāʻo ʻole i kekahi o nā hana nui o ka ʻimi. ʻO ka mea i hoʻomanaʻo ʻole ʻia, ua hele ʻo Shackleton ma Galicia, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ABC ma Sepatemaba 30, 1914. Heluhelu ʻia ka poʻomanaʻo: 'Expedition to the South Pole'. Hiki ke heluhelu ʻia ka hoʻomau ʻana: “Ma luna o ka mokuahi Pelekane, ua hōʻea ka mea ʻimi kaulana ʻEnelani ʻo Shackleton i ke awa o Vigo, e holo ana i Buenos Aires, mai laila aku, e hoʻomaka i kahi huakaʻi hou i ka Pole Hema e hala ʻelua. makahiki. Ua uku ʻia ka huakaʻi wiwo ʻole e ke kau inoa i hoʻomaka ʻia e King George V me £10.000.
He kakaikahi ka poe hoohiwahiwa o kona mau la i hoala ae i ko Shackleton kue. ʻO ka hoʻolaha āna i paʻi ai ma ka nūpepa e kiʻi i nā mea manawaleʻa e hōʻike ana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo paʻakikī o ka papahana: "Ua makemake nā kāne i kahi huakaʻi pilikia. Koa haahaa. Ke anu loa. Nā mahina lōʻihi o ka pouli loa. Pilikia mau. ʻAʻole palekana ke hoʻi ola. Hoʻohanohano a hoʻohanohano ʻia inā lanakila". Akā, ʻoiai nā ʻōlelo ʻōlelo aʻo, ua hōʻike ʻia ma mua o 5000 mau moho.
Lōlō
Ua pupule ka huakaʻi, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia ke Kai Weddell mai ka wā i ʻike ʻia ai e kahi kanaka hahai holoholona sila Pelekane i ka hapakolu mua o ke kenekulia XNUMX. Nui nā luina i hoʻāʻo i kēia me ka holomua ʻole ma mua o Shackleton. Pono e hoʻohui ʻia ka huakaʻi hele wāwae a lākou e hana ai ma Antarctica inā hiki lākou i kahakai, akā ʻaʻole lākou i kūleʻa. ʻO ka hōʻoiaʻiʻo o ka paʻakikī,ʻo ia ka pūʻiwa a me ka hoʻomaloka i hōʻikeʻia e Roald Amundsen, ke kanaka mua i hiki i ka Pole Hema, i kona weheweheʻana i kāna manaʻo iā ia.
+ ʻAoʻao ʻike mai ka makahiki 1914 e haʻi ana i ka hele ʻana o Shackleton ma Vigo – ABC
Ua hōʻike ka nūpepa Sepania i nā kikoʻī o ka papahana i nā mahina ma mua o ka hele ʻana ma Vigo. I Malaki, ua hōʻike ʻo 'El Heraldo Militar' aia ʻo Shackleton ma Norewai e hoʻomākaukau ana no ka huakaʻi: "Ua koho ʻo ia i kēia ʻāina no ka mea, i kēia manawa o ka makahiki, hāʻawi ka ʻāina i nā wahi i uhi ʻia i ka hau kahi e hiki ai iā ia ke hana e like me nā kalana polar. ”. ʻO 'La Correspondencia de España' i hōʻike i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa e hoʻomau nei me ka mea mākaʻikaʻi Austrian Felix König, nāna i hōʻoia i kāna kuleana o ka mea nui a kākau iā ia i kahi leka e ʻōlelo ana: 'ʻAʻole hiki i nā huakaʻi ʻelua ke haʻalele mai ke Kai Weddell. Manaʻo wau e koho ʻoe i kahi hoʻomaka ʻē aʻe.'”
Eia naʻe, aia kekahi pilikia nui ma ke poʻo o Shackleton i hoʻoluliluli i kāna huakaʻi nui. Ma ka la hookahi i holo mai ai ka Endurance mai Ladana mai i ka la 1 o Augate, 1914, ua kukala kaua o Geremania ia Rusia. ʻO Farani, ka inoa koa o ka hope, ua hana like me Kelemania. Ua paʻa ka lewa o ke kaua i ka huakaʻi mai ka lā hoʻokahi, i kona holo ʻana i lalo o ka Thames. ʻO ka mea mua, ua piʻi kā mākou protagonist i lalo i ka honua a ʻike i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā nūpepa i ka neʻe ʻana o ka lehulehu ma Great Britain. I kēlā manawa, lilo ʻo Antarctica i hiki ʻole ke loaʻa e like me ka mahina.
ka manao aloha aina
He mea maʻalahi ke noʻonoʻo i ka manaʻo i loaʻa i nā poʻe a pau ma luna o ka moku i ka lohe ʻana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke Kaua Honua Mua. ʻO ka manaʻo aloha ʻāina i hoʻokuʻu iā lākou e haʻalele i nā mea a pau e pale ai i ko lākou ʻāina. Ua noʻonoʻo pū ʻo Shackleton i kēlā hiki, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka huakaʻi o kāna mau moeʻuhane. I kēlā kakahiaka hoʻi, kāhea ʻo ia i kona mau kānaka ma luna o ka papahele a haʻi iā lākou ua noa lākou e komo i ka papa inā makemake lākou. Ua telegraphed ia i ka Admiralty e haawi aku i kona moku, oiai ua hoʻohui 'o ia, "ina 'aʻohe mea i manaʻo he pono, ua manaʻoʻo ia he kūpono e haʻalele koke i ka hiki ke hiki i Antarctica i ke kauwela hema", wahi a Javier Cacho i ' Shackleton, el indomable' (Forcola, 2013).
+ infoKiʻi o ka huakaʻi i alakaʻi ʻia e Amudsen i ka Pole Hema ma mua koke iho - ABC
He hora ma hope mai, me ka hopohopo no ka haule ana o kana manao, ua loaa iaia ka pane pokole mai ka Adimarala mai: "E hele." A laila ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ia i kahi telegrama lua mai Winston Churchill, kahi i hoʻomaikaʻi aku ai ʻo ia iā ia ma nā ʻōlelo ʻālohilohi a lōʻihi no kāna hāʻawi ʻana a kauoha iā ia e hoʻomau i kāna huakaʻi. ʻOiai ua komo ka honua i loko o ke kaua weliweli loa ma ka mōʻaukala a hiki i kēlā manawa, ua hele ʻo ia ma ke ala ʻo English Channel me ka noʻonoʻo ʻole loa.
I kekahi lā ma hope mai, ua hōʻea ka Endurance i ke awa o Plymouth, kāna kelepona hope loa ma Great Britain ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana i Buenos Aires. ʻO ia ka manawa i hoʻoholo ai ʻo Shackleton ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hele pū me lākou ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka ʻAkelanika a hoʻi i Lākana e hoʻoponopono i kekahi ʻoihana. I loko o ke kapikala ua ʻike ʻo ia i ka huakaʻi vertiginous kahi i hōʻike ʻia ai nā hanana, kūʻē i ka hoʻolaha kaua ʻana o kona ʻāina iā Kelemania i ka lā 4 o ʻAukake. I kekahi lā ma hope mai, hui ʻo ia me George V, nāna i haʻi iā ia e pili ana i kona mau pono pilikino a me ke Aliʻi ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia ʻia ka huakaʻi e ka hakakā.
Ma ke kuhikuhi o Vigo
ʻOiai ʻo nā kākoʻo a pau i loaʻa iā ia, ʻaʻole maopopo loa ʻo Shackleton i kāna kūlana. Ua hoʻohewa kekahi mau nūpepa iā ia no kāna hoʻoholo ʻana e hele i Antarctica i ka wā e noho ana ʻo Beretania ma ke kapa o ka hohonu. "Pono ka ʻāina iā ʻoe," i hoʻolaha aʻe ai nā leka i hoʻolaha ʻia a puni ʻo Lākana i kona holo ʻana i Galicia ma luna o ka mokuahi 'Uruguay' i ka hopena o Kepakemapa. I keia manawa, aia na Geremania ma na ipuka o Parisa oiai oia e pii ana ma Sepania e holo aku mai laila aku e halawai me ka Endurance a me kona mau kanaka ma Buenos Aires.
+ infoChronicle o ka Shackleton hoʻopakele - ABC
'Shackleton in Vigo', hiki ke heluhelu ʻia ma ka nūpepa 'Informaciones de Madrid'. Ma laila ka mea mākaʻikaʻi i hoʻomau i ke kanalua inā paha e hoʻomau ʻo ia i kēlā huakaʻi i lawe iā ia i mau makahiki o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana, a ua hoʻolilo ʻo ia i ke kālā he nui, a i ʻole e "hoʻouna ʻo ia iā ia e lawe i ka lāʻau ʻawaʻawa," e like me kāna haʻi ʻana i ka poʻe nūpepa i ko lākou nīnau ʻana. iā ia. He mea kūpono kona puʻuwai i nā mea a pau e hana ʻia ana i waena o ka paʻipaʻi ʻana o ka poʻe Galician i hele aku e hoʻokipa iā ia ma ke awa.
“Ua hookipa ia aku o Shackleton maluna o ka moku e na kanaka he nui i ninau mai no na galleon i holo aku ai i ka makahiki 1702 mai kela kai aku me na ukana gula, kala, a me na pohaku makamae. E like me kāna i ʻōlelo ai, ua manaʻo ʻo ia e hoʻokō i nā hana e huki i kēlā waiwai a pau ma mua o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka huakaʻi i ka South Pole, "wahi a ABC. Hoʻomanaʻo kēia hoihoi i kāna hana kamaliʻi ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana i nā waiwai huna, ʻoiai aia kona manaʻo ma kahi ʻē aʻe i kēia manawa.
Ua hoopau hope ia kona mau kanalua e kona hoaloha o James Caird, he kanaka aloha Sekotia nona, e like me kana i hoopaapaa ai, ua maalahi ka loaa ana o na haneri tausani o ka poe opio i holo i ke kaua, aka, aole paha e loaa ka mea hiki, e like me ia, Undertaking. ka pilikia o ia huakaʻi. A laila ua haʻalele ʻo ia i Buenos Aires e hana i ka Endurance i ka manawa like āna e hoʻolako ai no ka huakaʻi hope loa o kona ola.
