ʻO Concha Espina kekahi o nā mea kākau nui o ka Generation of '98. A ʻo ka mea maʻamau i nā mea kākau moʻolelo, nā haku mele, nā mea pāʻani, a me nā mea kākau moʻolelo o kēia hanauna, ʻo ia nā hiʻohiʻona ethnographic o Sepania a me ʻAmelika Sepania, e like me kā mākou e ʻike ai ma Valle-Inclán's Tirano Banderas. ʻO Castilla ka ʻāina i aʻo ʻia e nā mea a pau. Aia ʻo Azorín's Segovia, Unamuno's Salamanca a Antonio Machado's Soria. Ua ʻimi pū ʻo Baroja i nā loina a me ka moʻomeheu o Las Vascongadas a me Navarra. Maikaʻi, ʻo ka mea kākau nui mai Santander—ka mea kākau Sepania maikaʻi loa o ke kenekulia XNUMX mai ko mākou mau naʻau- e ʻimi i kāna moʻolelo nani, 'La esfinge maragata', nā ʻano lāhui āpau o kēia ʻāina pohihihi ʻo ia ʻo Maragatería, ke alahaka o Asturian, ʻO nā moʻomeheu Castilian a me Asturian a me Galician hoʻi inā mākou e loiloi hohonu i ka lexicon o kēia hana palapala nui. ʻO ka naʻauao ethnographic a ka mea kākau e hoʻolako ai i ka wehewehe ʻana i kēia moʻolelo aloha, ma muli o kāna mele mele maʻemaʻe, akā he ʻano ʻano pilikanaka koʻikoʻi hoʻi, ma muli o nā wehewehe ʻana o ka ʻilihune, he mea kupanaha, a he mau huaʻōlelo maragata wale nō ia, e like me ka ʻalani. , nā mea mālama i ka pulp o ka moʻomeheu Maragata. ʻO Centenary kāna mau huaʻōlelo maragatos a ka mea kākau nui mai Mazcuerras e waiho iā mākou me ka mālama ʻole i ka moʻomeheu maragata i kēia haku hana, ʻaʻole kānalua kekahi o nā moʻolelo nui o ke kenekulia XNUMX, he moʻolelo aloha, me kahi moʻolelo koʻikoʻi loa, akā aia ma laila. ʻO ia hoʻi ka pilikanaka maoli, ka hoʻohewa politika a me ka hakakā ʻino i ka hoʻopono ponoʻī a me ka pono ʻole o ka nohona. He moʻolelo moʻokalaleo holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ia ka moʻolelo o kahi lāhui, kahi palapala ʻāina e hūnā i nā inoa wahi maoli. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kākau e pili ana i ka poʻe a i ʻole ka hui kanaka i ʻike i ka ʻōlelo a i ʻole jargon o kēlā poʻe a i ʻole hui kanaka. Kumu kumu no ka mea kakau oiaio. ʻO ia ke kumu i kākau ʻole ʻia ai nā moʻolelo maoli, e like me nā kāne o ka Generation of '98, no ka mea, pono ʻoe e ʻike mua i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. Nā huaʻōlelo e like me hombrusco, linjavera, sentajo, búis, sonce, femías, tiva, gabia, priadica, secaño, rancear, zarabeto, dambos, vedijuela, alantre, comalecerse, haberoso, ramayo, amorenar, acerbar, calomón, acerandar, a modín, , cachapanda, paʻa, aconchegar, diañe, fagoril, ferrancho, fuyaco, trousa, atollecer, filandón, arrufadía, esgamiao, tastin, abesado, fuelga, adurente, cabañuca, escupina, enceso, feije, rongayo, chabarco, quebrantananbregura , estradín, tribulante, pan dondio, ringilinera, escurificar, ceganitas, falaje, trufaldines, sofridero, tarnish, azomar, a i ʻole Moorish bipi, he wahi liʻiliʻi ia o nā pōhaku lepo, "nā huaʻōlelo kūloko" i kapa ʻia ʻo circumspect Concha, maragaterismos, me ia. hoʻokiʻekiʻe i kēia moʻolelo lāhui nui me kahi kumuhana koʻikoʻi a pilikanaka. ʻO ka hihia i kūkulu ʻia ai ka hana keaka o kēia moʻolelo, ʻo ia ke kuleana o ka ʻohana o ka wahine ʻōpio e mare i kahi mea āna i makemake ʻole ai e pale i ka pōʻino loa o kona ʻohana. ʻO kēia pilikia e pili ana i ka pono anthropocentric - he aha ka anthropocentric i kēia mau lā e pono e ʻōlelo ʻia inā he biocentric a i ʻole kaiapuni nā mea āpau - a ua hana ʻia i nā manawa he nui i nā palapala honua, ʻoiai ma nā wahi mamao loa e like me Kalidasa's India, ʻo ke ʻano nui o ka moʻolelo hoihoi. , he mea maoli ia no ka wehewehe lāhui o ka moʻomeheu Maragata, i alakaʻi ʻia e ka Teleno nui, a ʻo ka lua o ka piko o Fuencebadón, nā kiʻi o ka ʻohana. ʻO ka makuakāne o ka protagonist, ʻo Mariflor, he hōʻailona maoli o ka hanohano wahine, pono e noi i kāna kaikamahine e mare i kahi mea āna i makemake ʻole ai e pakele ai ka ʻohana mai ka pōʻino. ʻOiai ka poʻe maragatos e noho ana ma waho o Maragatería, e kūkākūkā ana i nā lole a e ʻimi ana i ka waiwai ma nā ʻāina ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ua hānau nā maragatas me kā lākou kāne ʻole a mahi i ka ʻāina, e like me ka ʻiʻo o kahi luahine, i hoʻohāinu ʻia e ka Duerna, i kauwela me nā manawa hele mai ʻo ia e nalowale makaʻala. Ke hoʻi mai nā kāne, komo ʻo ia i ka hale inā lawe lākou i ke kālā. “Hui nā māragata i ka hoʻi ʻana o nā kāne me ke kālā ʻole. ʻO ia ke ʻano o ka ʻāina”, wahi a kekahi kanaka i loko o ka puke moʻolelo. He loina hiki ole ke hoole ia. Inā ʻaʻole i lawe ʻo Concha Espina i ka hoʻomana Kalikiano maʻemaʻe i loko o kona ʻuhane a inā he ʻulaʻula ʻo ia, ʻo 'La esfinge maragata' ka puke paionia o ka moʻolelo pilikanaka ma Sepania, a ʻo ka laʻana mua o kahi wahine hakakā maikaʻi. . ʻO ka moʻolelo holoʻokoʻa i loko o ia iho he mahalo nui i ka wahine maragata nāna i hāʻawi i kona nani a me kona ʻōpio i ka hana hoʻomau a me ka mahalo ʻole, i hoʻohuli i nā ʻāpana o ka ʻāina neoneo, kahi e kani mau ai nā mahiole koa mai ke kaua weliweli i luku ʻia ai e ka Goth Teodorico. ʻO nā pūʻali koa o ke Aliʻi Swabia Rechiario, i loko o nā Edens liʻiliʻi o ka rai a me nā pua, e like me kēia ma Valdecruces, kahi inoa wahi kākau e hūnā ʻia ai ka coronym o Castrillo de los Polvazares i kēia manawa, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike mau ʻia ka palapala ʻāina o kahi wahi. ʻike pono ʻia ke ao holoʻokoʻa me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e hele nei mākou. No laila he mea lapuwale ke ʻimi, no ka laʻana, ʻo Don Quixote's La Mancha universal i loko o Emiliano García-Page. ʻO 'The maragata sphinx' ka moʻolelo o ka hanohano lanakila ma waena o ka ʻilihune a me nā pōʻino koʻikoʻi. ʻO ke kahuna pule o Valdecruces, ʻo Don Miguel, ʻo ia ka pauku hemolele o ka diabolical Don Fermín de Pas, mai Vetusta, he lunaʻōlelo haʻahaʻa a me ka haʻahaʻa o Iesū a he kaikuaʻana o ke kauhale. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo kāna pilina me Rogelio Terán, he aliʻi mai nā mauna, ke aloha o Mariflor, e lilo ia i mea kumu a koʻikoʻi i ka manaʻo aloha, e like me ka friar Franciscan Lorenzo ma 'Romeo a me Juliet'. He laʻana ʻo Don Miguel o ke kahuna pule e hoʻāʻo ana e pale aku i kāna poʻe parishioners e hōʻino iā lākou iho. ʻO Concha Espina, ʻaʻole like me Emilio Zola, hiki iā ia ke hōʻike i ka pōʻino me ke kanaka lyrical, me ka ʻole o ke kīkī ikaika ʻana i ka noʻonoʻo kaiaulu o Sepania. ʻAʻole loa e nalowale ka poʻe ʻilihune ma ʻaneʻi i ko lākou ʻano kanaka ponoʻī, i ʻaʻahu ʻia me ka ʻoi aku ka pono o ka pono ma mua o ka poʻe waiwai. ʻAʻole hiki ke "piʻi mai" ka ʻuhane o nā wahine pōʻino ʻelima i hōʻike ʻia ma kēia moʻolelo koʻikoʻi o Sepania. ʻO ka hōʻea ʻana o kahi Garnacha i ke kauhale pōʻino e hōʻike ana i ka "The Wandering Muse" e ʻike hoʻomanawanui i ke kī e wehewehe ai i ka ʻeha o nā wahine kauhale. Maragato psychodrama. ʻO ke kūkulu ʻana o ka nonagenarian kuko, ʻo ʻAnakala Cristóbal, me kāna diabolical voracity e hopu i ka hoʻoilina o kekahi mau wahine ʻilihune, a ma luna o kēlā make i hoʻopakele ʻia i loko o kona mau lima makuahine a maikaʻi. ʻO ke kamaʻilio ʻana ma waena o Don Miguel a me Rogelio i aloha nui ʻia he kamaʻilio e pono ai ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia e ke aupuni pumehana no ka pololei ʻole o ka politika, akā ʻoi aku paha ka hauʻoli o ka wahine maikaʻi ma ka ʻālana ʻana no kāna mau mea aloha ma mua o ka hoʻokō ʻana i kāna mau pono ponoʻī. wahi.
