Ua hāʻawi aku ka ʻaha kūkā o nā Kuhina i ke kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo i kēia kakahiaka i ka Plan Maritime Space Management Plan (POEM) mua e lawelawe ai, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, no ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka māla makani. ʻO kahi hana mua e hiki mai ana ma hope o kekahi mau lohi: "He kaʻina hana paʻakikī a paʻakikī hoʻi," wahi a nā kumu mai ka Ministry for the Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge. Me kēia ʻae ʻia, ua hoʻokaʻawale ke keʻena i alakaʻi ʻia e Teresa Ribera i 5.000 kilomika square o nā wai Sepania no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka makani o waho.
Ma lalo o kēia alakaʻi, e loaʻa ana kēia ʻenehana hou i ka 0,46% o ka aneane hoʻokahi miliona kilomika square o nā wai teritori i kauoha ʻia ma kēia mau hoʻolālā. ʻO ka mea kūikawā, aia he 18 mau wahi ma waho o ke kahakai Sepania "a ma laila wale nō e hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia kēia mau paka", kuhikuhi lākou mai MITECO.
ʻO kahi hoʻololi hou e hoʻohui ʻia e nā ʻoihana i ka ʻoihana ikehu hou e hoʻokō i nā papahana. "Ua hoʻemi nui ʻia nā ʻāpana mai ka wā i paʻi mua ʻia ai nā kikoʻī," hoʻohui ʻo ia. Wahi a ka ʻikepili i mālama ʻia e ka Spanish Wind Association (AEE), ma ka hopena o 2022 aia he 15 mau papahana makani ma waho, akā i kahi pae mua loa. "Ke lohi nei mākou a ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻōki," i ʻōlelo ʻia e kahi luna koʻikoʻi ma ka ʻāpana.
Ua hoʻokaʻawale kēia mau hoʻolālā i nā wai Sepania e like me nā koina kaiapuni, palekana moana a me ka pale aupuni. “Paʻa ʻia ka pale ʻana i nā kaiaola koʻikoʻi a palupalu, nā wahi noho a me nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole”, wahi a ka hui o Teresa Ribera. No laila, e hoʻokomo ʻia nā māla makani o waho i nā ZAP, nā wahi kūpono. "Ua ʻike nā ʻoihana i nā wahi a lākou e makemake ai e hoʻomohala i kā lākou mau papahana, ua hoʻokaʻawale mākou iā lākou."
ʻO kahi hana i loaʻa iā lākou mai nā kaiāulu kūʻokoʻa i nā mea hoʻokani kīwila like ʻole. "ʻAʻole pono mākou e hana hewa like me ka ʻāina a hoʻokomo i nā turbine makani ma nā wahi āpau," wahi a Cristóbal López, ʻōlelo ʻōlelo no ka ʻāina moana o Ecologistas en Acción.
Ma ke ʻano like me nā turbine makani uka, pono nā hui e hoʻouna i kā lākou ʻōlelo pili kaiapuni. No kēia manawa, e paʻa ka POEM i ʻāpono ʻia a hiki i Dekemaba 31, 2027 a ke manaʻo nei ka ʻoihana e hoʻāʻo ia i ka ʻenehana a hoʻokō i nā pahuhopu i kau ʻia ma ka National Integrated Energy and Climate Plan (PNIEC).
Nā paio a me nā hoʻopiʻi
ʻOiai e noʻonoʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā levers e hoʻonui ʻia ai ka hoʻokele waiwai o Sepania e ka decarbonization a hiki i ka 3GW o ka ikehu maʻemaʻe ma 2030, ʻaʻole i lōʻihi nā leo koʻikoʻi e hiki mai ana, ʻoiai ma mua o ke kaomi ʻana i ka hoʻololi mana.
"He nui nā mea ʻike ʻole, akā ʻike ʻia nā hopena inā makemake ʻoe e hūnā iā lākou a ʻaʻole ʻole," i hōʻike ʻia ʻo Torcuato Teixeira, ka luna o ka Peca-Galicia-Arpega-Obarco Shipowners Association.
Mai ka Miteco ke hōʻoia nei lākou "ua lohe ʻia nā mea āpau". ʻO kekahi o nā koi a nā NGO ecologists e pili ana i kēia hale he 30 a 40 mau mika mai ke kai e "pale aku iā ia mai ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka lawaiʻa a me ka hānai manu." Ua hoʻokipa pū ʻia kekahi koi e ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi i ʻole e hoʻololi i ka ʻāina o nā kahakai.
He 1.850 mau mika ka liʻiliʻi mai ke kahakai ʻo Canary. Ma Galicia, 21 kilomika
Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole lākou i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma nā wahi āpau "no nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o ke kahakai Sepania". ʻAʻole ākea loa ka pae ʻāina o ka Iberian Peninsula: "Ma Sepania he haiki loa a hiki koke ʻoe i ka pali ʻāina kahi, hiki koke lākou i ka hohonu o 2.500 mika ma ke Kaiwaenahonua a hiki i 4.000 mika ma ka Atlantika." No kēia kumu, ʻaʻole i hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi mamao haʻahaʻa maʻamau a ʻo nā mea i hoʻokumu ʻia, wahi a ka ʻoihana, ua hana ʻia me ka ʻae ʻana me ka Autonomous Communities.
ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo ka mamao pōkole loa i kahakai aia ma ka mokupuni ʻo Canary, kahi o kekahi o nā polygons he 1.850 mika wale nō. ʻOi aku ma mua o Galicia, paʻa ka liʻiliʻi ma 21 mau kilomita.
ʻO ka pololei, ʻo ka ʻĀpana ʻĀkau ʻĀkau ka wahi nui loa i loaʻa no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā paka o waho me ka aneane ʻoi aku ma mua o 2.500 square kilomika o ka 5.000 i loaʻa. ʻO ka ʻāpana Levantine-Balearic ka liʻiliʻi loa me 475 mau kilomika square, a ukali ʻia e nā mokupuni ʻo Canary me 561 mau kilomika square. "Pono lākou e hoʻokō i nā pahuhopu o ka PNIEC," wahi a nā kumu ʻoihana.
ʻO ka hapa nui ma Kina
I kēia manawa, e like me ka ʻikepili mai ka International Renewable Energy Agency (Irena), ʻo 60 GW ka mana uila moana, kahi kiʻi i mamao loa mai 2.000 GW, manaʻo i ka hui honua e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana o ka honua ma 1,5 degere a hoʻopaʻa inoa i nā hoʻokuʻu ʻole.
Ke ʻimi nei ka mahiʻai makani o waho e lana ma nā kai o Sepania
Nā ʻano turbines i ke kai
ʻenehana paʻa paʻa
ʻenehana makani lana
paepae semi-submersible
ʻO nā paepae i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ʻEulopa
paepae semi-submersible
Ke ʻimi nei ka mahiʻai makani o waho e lana ma nā kai o Sepania
Nā ʻano turbines i ke kai
ʻenehana paʻa paʻa
ʻenehana makani lana
paepae semi-submersible
ʻO nā paepae i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ʻEulopa
paepae semi-submersible
ʻO ka huina, i kēia manawa, 33 mau paka wai kai hou i hana ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, kahi i hui pū ai ʻo Kina i ka hapa nui o lākou. ʻO ke kai e ʻauʻau ai ʻo United Kingdom, Denmark, Kelemānia, Belgium a me Netherlands he 700 mika ka hohonu a ʻo ia ka mea e hui pū ai i ka nui o ka ikehu ma lalo o kēia ʻenehana.
Ma Sepania, ʻo ka nele o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kānāwai a me ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana o ka ʻāina ma lalo o ke kai ua lohi i kona ulu ʻana. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka 28.210 megawatts o 'offshore' i hoʻokomo ʻia, 99,6% ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia.
