Ke piʻi nei ka emi ʻana o ka loko iʻa e nā ʻauwaʻa lawaiʻa o Kina. ʻO nā haneli o nā ʻālohilohi, e like me ke kiko i hana ʻia i hiki i ka pō ke kahe mai ka lewa me nā kiʻi ukali. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Milko Schvartzman, he loea i ka mālama kai, lawaiʻa hewa ʻole, a he lālā o ka Environmental Policy Circle, "Ua piʻi aʻe nā moku Kina i ka helu a me ke kaomi. He pōʻino maoli kēia e hana nei. Aia wale nō ma ka ʻAkelanika ma kāna manaʻo e hopu ʻo ia i 2.000 miliona mau kālā i ka makahiki i ka iʻa, me ka hopena i nā manawa he nui hiki ke hoʻololi ʻole. A ʻo ka ʻokoʻa me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe ka legion nui o nā moku i loaʻa iā lākou.
Hoʻonui i nā wahi
Ka lawaiʻa ʻauwaʻa Pākē
Hana lawaiʻa ma waena o ʻOkakopa 2021 a me ʻOkakopa 2022
Nā hola hana ma nā wahi o 32.000 km²
Puna: globalfishingwatch.org/ABC
Hoʻonui i nā wahi
Ka lawaiʻa ʻauwaʻa Pākē
hana lawaia ma waena
ʻOkakopa 2021 a me ʻOkakopa 2022
Nā hola hana ma nā wahi o 32.000 km²
Puna: globalfishingwatch.org/ABC
(Ke kūlana palapala o nā lawaiʻa i ka manawa maoli ma Global Fishing Watch)
Ma kēia ʻano hana ʻo Kina i kahi geopolitics expansionist ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa e hoʻāʻo ai i ka mana o nā ʻāina a me ka palekana waiwai o nā wahi kūloko. A ʻo ia ma nā wahi waiwai nui e like me Antarctica, nā hui lawaiʻa Kina a me Lūkia, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻahaʻaina nui no kā lākou pūnaewele e hōʻino wale lākou. Ma kēia ala, e hopu ʻia nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe i waena o nā kānāwai i piha i nā laina hina a me ka ikaika ʻole e loaʻa nā hopena pale no ka poʻe lawehala. ʻO nā kai weliweli loa, ʻo ia ke Kai ʻEleʻele, ke Kaiwaenahonua, ka Pākīpika Hikina Hema, a me ka ʻAkelanika Hema komohana.
ʻO nā wai i wehewehe ʻia ma ke komohana ʻāhiu no ka lawaiʻa hewa ʻole, kahi e loaʻa ai nā moku kuleana i waena o kahi hana lawaiʻa ikaika loa o ka honua e like me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e ʻimi i kahi nila i loko o kahi mauʻu. No kēia kumu, ua hoʻopau kēia mau hana lawaiʻa i nā puʻupuʻu āpau i mua o ka piʻi ʻana o ka haunaele ma waena o nā lāhui lawaiʻa haole a me nā mea ola i ʻike ʻia i kā lākou hana.
kūlana poʻo
Ua kuhikuhi ʻo Andrés González, Lutanela Kolonela a me IEEE i kāna hōʻike, "ua manaʻo ʻia nā kumu waiwai ola moana ʻo ia ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka protein ma ka honua, no laila, ʻo ka ʻona a me ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka moana ʻo ia ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka mana o ka meaʻai Kina. ʻO kona mau waʻa lawaiʻa ua lilo i mau mea hou o ke kai lawaiʻa, e komo ana i ka waiwai o ka honua holoʻokoʻa". Ke kono nei ka pilikua ʻAsia i mau miliona kālā i loko o kāna ʻoihana lawaiʻa me nā haʻawina nui no ka poʻe lawaiʻa. A ʻōlelo ʻo Schvartzman, "ʻO ka naʻauao aupuni o Kina e loaʻa mai i ka ʻike satellite i hiki ke pale i ka ʻike ʻana i ka wā e hana ʻia ai ka lawaiʻa hewa ʻole. ʻO kāna mau hoa hana i kēlā lawaiʻa. Ua hōʻike ʻo Peter Thomson, ka ʻelele kūikawā UN, i ke kūlana ma ka ʻōlelo ʻana "e like kēia me ka uku ʻana i nā ʻaihue e hao i ka hale o kahi hoalauna."
Ua wehewehe ʻo González "ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i nā hui nona nā moku a me ka mālama ʻana i nā hana o nā ʻauwaʻa Kina he hana paʻakikī. Ma hope o nā SME i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka lawaiʻa, aia paha nā hui nui. Ma kahi o 183 mau moku i loko o ka ʻauwaʻa lawaiʻa Kina i manaʻo ʻia ua komo i ka lawaiʻa kānāwai ʻole, hōʻike ʻole ʻia a ʻaʻole i hoʻoponopono ʻia. He 10 wale nō ʻoihana nona ka hapalua o kēia mau moku a he mau hui parastatal kekahi. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka lawaiʻa hewa ʻole ke ono o ka hoʻokele waiwai kalaima nui loa, ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, a ke alakaʻi nei ka pilikua ʻulaʻula i kēia papa inoa.
ʻO kēia mau waʻa, e like me Fernando Cortiñas, he polopeka ma IE Business School, i kuhikuhi ai, 'hoʻoweliweli' i nā waʻa liʻiliʻi mai nā ʻāina ma kahi a lākou e hana ai. ʻO ka manaʻo ʻo ia ka manaʻo o nā ʻāpana waiwai kūʻokoʻa o ka ʻāina (EEZs) e hoʻonui i 200 mau mile i loko o ke kai, a ke hana nei nā Kina i ka mile 201, e neʻe ana i nā wai honua a ma kahi laina kānāwai maikaʻi. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka lawaiʻa kokoke loa ua like ia me ka hana ʻana i loko o kahi EEZ, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻike nā ʻano kai e pili ana i nā palena palena, a loaʻa pū kēia me kahi mālama kai koʻikoʻi e like me nā Galapagos. No laila, "e kali ana nā ʻauwaʻa lawaiʻa i ka manawa kūpono a i ʻole e hoʻopau i kāna mau ʻōnaehana hōʻike ʻokoʻa, i lawe ʻia e kēlā me kēia moku e pale aku i ka hui ʻana, a komo i ka EEZ," wehewehe ʻo González.
nā lana nui
Ma 2020, ua hōʻike ka hui ʻEkuadorian ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā moku Kina ma ke kai ma mua o 3.000 mau moku, akā ʻo ka Overseas Development Institute 'think tank' i hōʻike ʻia ma kahi hōʻike 2020 i ka hopena o nā moku ʻoi aku ma mua o 16.000, ka hapa nui o lākou ʻaʻohe hae Kina, e hōʻike ana. e hana ana no na hui Pake. ʻO kekahi o lākou ʻo Pingtan Marine Enterprise, kahi hui i helu ʻia ma ka Nasdaq. "ʻAʻole ia he hui lawaiʻa wale nō: he waiwai maoli nō ia no ke aupuni Kina," wahi a Susi Pudjiastuti, he kuhina lawaiʻa mua o Indonesia. ʻO ka nui o nā mea i hopu ʻia e Kina he papalua ka nui o ka ʻāina ʻelua ma ka pae lawaiʻa honua, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Indonesia, a ʻekolu hoʻi i ko ka Russian Federation.
Ma muli o kēia a me ka ulu ʻana o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa geopolitical ma waena o ke Komohana a me Rūsia a me Kina, ua hoʻoholo ʻo Quad, kahi hui hoʻolālā ʻike ʻole i hana ʻia e ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Australia, Iapana a me India, e hoʻohana i ka ʻenehana ukali e loaʻa kahi ʻōnaehana nānā lawaiʻa. ʻAʻole kānāwai ma nā wahi o ka Moana Pākīpika a i ʻole ka Moana Inia. Ma ʻApelika a i ʻole ʻAmelika Hema, ua hōʻike kēia kūlana i ka hiki i nā ʻāina ke pane aku i ka hao hao. Aia ka paradaiso o ka mea looter ma waena o Argentina a me nā mokupuni ʻo Falkland, kahi wahi i mālama ʻole ʻia. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua kamaʻilio pū nā ʻelele o Argentine e pili ana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke aupuni iā Rusia a me Kina i mea e hoʻololi ai i nā mea aloha. Ma Ghana ke hoʻomalu nei lākou i ka 93% o nā lawaiʻa a ua hoʻolimalima ʻo Iran i ko lākou mau wai.
ʻOiai ʻo ʻEkuador i mua o nā moku Kina e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻenehana Kanada e nānā i kahi o nā mokupuni ʻo Galapagos, a pēlā e pale ai i nā ʻano mea hoʻoweliweli. A ua hōʻike ka CBC ua hāʻawi nā hui e like me Google-backed tracking group Global Fishing Watch i kā lākou ʻenehana i ka ʻāina. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Schvartzman, "ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻauwaʻa Kina nui loa ma ka Pākīpika ma waena o 2017 a me 2018. Aia i kēia manawa he 300 mau waʻa e lawaiʻa ai i ka hee, i kapa ʻia ʻo jiggers. A ua lawaiʻa lākou a puni nā Galapagos. Akā, he mea koʻikoʻi ka hee i ke kaulahao meaʻai kai ma ka Pākīpika Hema a me ka ʻAkelanika Hema. ʻO ka pilikia ma muli o ka nele o ka ʻikena Kina, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ka nui o kā lākou hopu ʻana. ʻO ia hoʻi ke hele nei ma luna o ka ʻaoʻao, a ʻaʻole maopopo iā mākou ke kokoke loa mākou e hāʻule. "
ʻO kekahi wahi hoihoi ʻo Antarctica. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻo Kina a me Rūsia i kahi lawaiʻa krill nui, pono i kumu no ka hānai ʻana i nā iʻa kai o ka ʻāina. Ua hoʻomaka ka Soviet Union i ka lawaiʻa ma ia wahi i ka makahiki 106, a ua nalowale i kēia manawa. Ma muli o ka ulu nui ʻana o ka iʻa, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Kina i ka ʻiʻa iʻa ma o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā ʻano iʻa, ʻo ka pilikia o kēia, ʻo ka hoʻomomona ʻana i ka iʻa i manaʻo ʻia e loaʻa i ka iʻa waiwai nui ka protein, ma laila e komo ai ke krill. A ke alakaʻi nei ia i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana no ka mea e manaʻo ʻia ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hana o 2030 miliona tons aquatic tons e XNUMX, e like me ka FAO.
Ua hōʻike ʻo Reuters e koi ana ʻo Rūsia e hoʻolilo i $ 604 miliona i ka lawaiʻa krill a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā moku lawaiʻa 38. Hōʻike ʻo Schvartzman i ka ʻōlelo ʻo "Russia a me Kina he hui ʻino a me ka hana ʻino e pale ai i ke kumukānāwai o nā wahi i mālama ʻia i ka moana ma Antarctica, ua pāpā nā ʻāina ʻelua i ka ʻaelike." ʻO ka hōʻoiaʻiʻo o kēia hana hui ʻana ʻo ia me ka pale ʻana i nā huahana lawaiʻa Lūkini ma US, ua hoʻouna ʻia ke ala pōkole i Kina, a laila e pau i ka US, pēlā e hoʻokuʻu ai i nā mele lawaiʻa. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka wehe ʻana o nā ala hou i ka Arctic me ka lawaiʻa hou aku no Rūsia.
ʻO kahi pōʻino koʻikoʻi o kēia mau hana no ka moana, ʻo ia ka lawaiʻa i hoʻolei ʻia, ʻo Celia Ojeda, ka luna o nā biodiversity o Greenpeace, i kuhikuhi ʻia "ʻo kā lākou iʻa me ka ʻole o ka lawaiʻa i hoʻolei ʻia i ka moku make a make paha, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe o lākou waiwai kūʻai kiʻekiʻe. . A ʻaʻole hoihoi ka lawe ʻana iā lākou i ke awa ». ʻAʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka lawaiʻa.
hoʻokūkū kūʻai
ʻO Schvartzman, ka mea i hana i nā mākaʻikaʻi me ka prefecture naval o Argentine a ua kau ʻo ia ma luna o nā moku Kina, ʻōlelo ʻo ia ʻaʻole ka hopena o ke kaiapuni wale nō, ʻoiai ua hoʻolei aku kēia mau moku i nā tona o ka ʻōpala. ʻO ka hopena ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka hoʻokūkū kūpono ʻole me nā moku lawaiʻa akamai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kahi kūlana e hālāwai ai. Pēlā nō, ʻo ka poʻe o luna o kēia mau waʻa, koe wale nō ke kapena he Pake, ʻo ke koena ka mea maʻamau no Indonesia, Filipino a ʻApelika paha a noho lākou i loko o kahi noho kauā e komo pū ana me nā kaulahao, ka hana ʻino, a me ke kūlana i hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia no nā makahiki. kēlā mau waʻa lawaiʻa. Me kahi lālā o ka poʻe i nalowale ma waena o 2003 a me 2018, wehewehe ʻo Schvartzman.
Eia kekahi, ʻo nā mea lawe wahie ma laila nā lako e ʻae i nā moku Kina e holo no nā mahina me ka hele ʻole ʻana ma ke awa. A ʻo ka hoʻolilo ʻana i nā iʻa i hopu ʻia i nā moku pahu hau he ala ia e hoʻohuli ai i ka lawaiʻa hewa ʻole i kānāwai. No ka mea ua hui pū ʻia nā hopu ʻelua ma kēia mau waʻa a paʻakikī a paʻakikī paha ke hoʻokaʻawale i ko lākou kumu. ʻOiai ua hoʻohiki ʻo Kina e hoʻonui i nā kaohi i ka lawaiʻa hewa ʻole, aia kahi palapala paʻa ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Ojeda, mai Greenpeace, ua hoʻoholo ʻia kahi hopena no ka hana ʻana i nā paka aupuni, akā ma ke kai kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā wahi palekana. E hoʻololi i nā ʻenehana lawaiʻa i ʻoi aku ka hoʻomau. A me nā kulekele e hahai ana i ka lawaiʻa i hōʻike ʻole ʻia. "ʻO ka hana ʻole ʻana, ʻo ia ka nalowale ʻana o ka biodiversity, ka pilikia, ka hana a me kahi pale kūpono e hakakā ai i ke aniau, ʻo ia ka hana o ke kai e komo i ka CO2, inā mālama maikaʻi ʻia lākou." No Cortiñas "ke pana nei ka Kina iā lākou iho i ka wāwae, i ka wā lōʻihi e pau lākou i ka iʻa e hao ai", a ʻaʻole hiki i ka poʻe i loaʻa i kēia ke kūʻai aku i ka ʻenehana nānā mau.
