Manaʻo ka poʻe Astronomers, ʻaneʻane loaʻa i kēlā me kēia galaxy kahi lua ʻeleʻele nui ma kona kikowaena, kahi ʻāpana o ka lewa ākea ʻaʻohe mea e hāʻule i loko, ʻaʻole ka mālamalama. Ma ka puʻuwai o mākou, ʻo ka Milky Way, aia kekahi. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo Sagittarius A*, no kona wahi i loko o ka hui hōkū Sagittarius. A inā hele nā mea a pau e like me ka hapa nui o nā 'pools' ʻepekema, i loko o kekahi mau hola e ʻike mākou i kāna kiʻi no ka manawa mua ma muli o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o ka Event Horizon Telescope a i ʻole Event Horizon Telescope (EHT no kāna acronym ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania). he hui honua i hana ʻia he ʻelua haneli mau kilo kilo e hōʻike i kā lākou "hopena kipi" ma kēia 'monster' ʻo ia ke kikowaena o kā mākou galaxy.
Aia i 26.000 mau makahiki māmā mai ka Lā, ʻo Sagittarius A* ke kaumaha loa: ua like kona nuipa me ʻehā miliona lā. Ua ʻike ʻia ia i ka hopena o nā makahiki 90 e nā astronomers mai ka Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics ma Garching (Kelemānia) a me ke Kulanui o Kaleponi, ma muli o ka mana ikaika e hana ai i nā hōkū kokoke i ka ʻāpana like o ka lewa, e huki ana iā lākou i ka wikiwiki giddy . Ua loaʻa i ka German Reinhard Genzel a me ka ʻAmelika ʻo Andrea Ghez ka makana Nobel ma Physics ma 2020 no kēia ʻike.
A hiki i kēia manawa, ʻo ke ʻano o nā kino e pili ana iā Sagittarius A * ʻo ia wale nō ke ala e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i kona alo. Ua hoʻolālā pololei nā pūʻulu ʻelua a Genzel a me Ghez i ka orbit o hoʻokahi hōkū, ʻo S2, ka mea i loaʻa i ka mamao pōʻaiapuni loa iā Sagittarius A* i Mei 2018 – emi iho ma mua o 20.000 biliona kilomita (120 manawa ka mamao ma waena o ka Lā a me ka Honua). Ua ʻike ka pūʻulu alakaʻi ʻo Genzel ua hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka mālamalama i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka hōkū kokoke i ka lua ʻeleʻele nui loa i nā nalu ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi, kahi hopena i kapa ʻia ʻo ka gravity shifting, e hōʻoia ana no ka manawa mua i ka relativity maʻamau o Einstein kokoke i kahi lua ʻeleʻele supermassive. Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2020, hoʻolaha ka hui ua ʻike lākou i ka hula S2 a puni ka lua ʻeleʻele supermassive, e hōʻike ana i ke ʻano o kona orbit i ke ʻano o kahi rosette, kahi hopena i kapa ʻia ʻo Schwarzschild precession i wānana ʻia e Einstein.
Ua ana pū ka poʻe kilo i ka wikiwiki o nā hōkū ʻehā a puni ka lua ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o nā hōkū e hōʻike ana ʻo ka nui ma ke kikowaena o ka galaxy i haku ʻia me ka mea Sagittarius A*, waiho ʻia kahi lumi liʻiliʻi no nā hōkū, nā lua ʻeleʻele ʻē aʻe, ke kinoea interstellar a me ka lepo, a i ʻole nā mea ʻeleʻele.
hanana pōʻai
ʻO ka mea maʻamau, noho mālie ka lua ʻeleʻele a hoʻopuka i nā piliona manawa ʻoi aʻe ka ikaika ma mua o nā lua ʻeleʻele nunui ma nā galaxies ʻē aʻe. I ka lā Fepeluali i hala, ua hoʻopuka kahi hui ʻepekema i alakaʻi ʻia e Ilje Cho, kahi mea noiʻi ma ka Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia (IAA-CSIC), i kahi pepa i hōʻike ai lākou i ka ʻano o ka intrinsic structure o Sagittarius A * aneane puni. No ka hoʻopau ʻana, ua hoʻohana nā ʻepekema i ka ʻenehana VLBI, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā helu kelepona lekiō i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka honua, i hana ʻia kahi telescope virtual mai ka mamao ma waena o nā telescopes.
