Ma ka liʻiliʻi o nā haneli o nā ʻano mammalian i ʻike ʻole ʻia ma mua e peʻe nei i ka ʻike maka a puni ka honua, ua hoʻopau nā mea noiʻi o Ohio State University i kahi noiʻi hou i paʻi ʻia ma ka puke pai Nā hana o ka National Academy of Science (PNAS). Ua ʻike nā mea kākau ʻo ka hapa nui o kēia mau mammal huna he kino liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka nui o lākou he ʻōpeʻapeʻa, ʻiole, ʻolo, a me nā mole.
Wahi a nā mea kākau, huikau a hūnā ʻia kēia mau momi i ka ʻike maka ʻia ma kahi ʻāpana no ka mea aia nā keiki liʻiliʻi a ke mayor i laila e like me nā holoholona kamaʻāina i ʻike ʻole ʻia e ka poʻe olaola he ʻano ʻano ʻokoʻa.
"ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o nā ʻokoʻa liʻiliʻi a maʻalahi i ka nānā ʻana i ka wā e nānā ana ʻoe i kahi holoholona liʻiliʻi he 10 grams ke kaumaha ma mua o kou nānā ʻana i kekahi mea e like me ka nui o ke kanaka," wahi a Bryan Carstens, ke kaukaʻi o ka evolution, ecology and organismal. biology ma ke Kulanui o Ohio State (USA).
"ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻi aku he ʻano ʻano like ʻole lākou ke ʻole ʻoe e hana i ka genetic analysis."
Ua hoʻohana ka hui i kahi supercomputer a me nā ʻenehana aʻo mīkini no ka nānā ʻana i nā miliona o nā kaʻina gene i loaʻa i ka lehulehu mai 4.310 mau ʻano mammalian, a me nā ʻikepili e pili ana i nā holoholona ola, ka honua, ka mōʻaukala ola, a me nā ʻike pili ʻē aʻe.
Hāʻawi kēia iā lākou e kūkulu i kahi hiʻohiʻona wānana e ʻike ai i ka ʻauhau mammalian i loaʻa paha nā ʻano huna. "Ma muli o kā mākou loiloi, ʻike ʻia kahi manaʻo conservative aia he mau haneli o nā ʻano mammal a puni ka honua i ʻike ʻole ʻia," wahi a Carstens. I kona manaʻo, ʻaʻole e kāhāhā ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea olaola. Loaʻa i nā mea noiʻi hoʻokahi ka wehewehe kikoʻī ma waena o 1 a me 10% o nā ʻano o ka Honua. "ʻO ka mea a mākou i hana ai he mea hou ka wānana i kahi e loaʻa ai kēia mau ʻano hou," hoʻomau ʻo ia.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena he ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻano mea ʻike ʻole ʻia i nā ʻohana holoholona kino liʻiliʻi, e like me nā ʻōpeʻa a me nā ʻiole.
Ua wānana pū nā mea noiʻi e ʻike ʻia nā ʻano huna i nā ʻano i ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pae ʻāina me ka ʻoi aku o ka ʻokoʻa o ka mahana a me ka ua.
ʻAʻole hoʻokahi, akā ʻelima
Loaʻa paha ka nui o nā ʻano i loko o nā wao ua nui, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha no ka mea ma laila ka nui o nā ʻano mammal. Akā e like me ka noho ʻana o nā ʻano mea ʻike ʻole ʻia ma kahi i noho ʻia e nā kānaka e like me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ua ʻike ʻo Carstens' lab i kekahi o lākou. No ka laʻana, i ka makahiki 2018 ua paʻi mākou i kahi ʻatikala e hōʻike ana e ʻike ʻia kahi peʻapeʻa liʻiliʻi ma waena o ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a ʻo 5 mau ʻano ʻano like ʻole.
Ua hōʻike pū kēia haʻawina i ke kumu nui e pono ai ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻano mea hou. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa hou i ʻike ʻia he ʻano haiki loa kona home, ma kahi o ka Great Basin ma Nevada, e koʻikoʻi loa ana kona pale.
“He mea nui kēlā ʻike no ka poʻe e hana nei i ka hana mālama. ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou ke pale i kahi ʻano ʻano inā ʻaʻole mākou i ʻike i ke ola. Ke inoa mākou i kekahi mea ma ke ʻano he ʻano, he mea nui ia ma nā ʻano kānāwai a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, "i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Carstens.
Ma hope o nā hopena o kēia noiʻi, ua manaʻo ka mea noiʻi ua ʻike ʻia he 80% o nā ʻano mammal o ka honua. "ʻO ka mea weliweli, ua wehewehe maikaʻi ʻia nā mammals i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā pipi a i ʻole nāanu a i ʻole nā ʻano holoholona ʻē aʻe," wahi āna. "Ua ʻike nui mākou e pili ana i nā mammals ma mua o nā holoholona he nui no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui a kokoke i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ke kanaka, kahi e hoihoi ai iā mākou," wahi āna.
