Wani bincike, wanda wata ƙungiyar kimiyya daga Jami'ar Rey Juan Carlos da National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN-CSIC) suka gudanar, sun gwada gwaji ko tsuntsaye suna da ikon daidaita launin su don dacewa da yanayin muhalli. "Musamman, mun gwada ko sparrows na gida, Passer domesticus, canza launin su lokacin da suka fuskanci yanayi mai zafi. Don yin wannan, mun fallasa tsuntsayen zuwa wurare biyu tare da yanayin zafi daban-daban (rigakafi da bushewa) watanni shida kafin lokacin bazara kuma, da zarar gashin fuka-fukan ya yi laushi, mun auna launin launi a cikin gashin fuka-fukan da aka haɓaka, ”in ji Isabel López Rull. Mai bincike na URJC kuma marubucin binciken.
Nazarin canje-canje a cikin ilimin halittar jiki, ilimin halittar jiki da halayyar halittu a matsayin aiki na yanayin zafi da yanayin yanayin yanayin su yana da mahimmanci yayin da ake fassara tsarin halittu na yanzu azaman nazarin yiwuwar daidaitawa ga canjin yanayi. Duk da haka, duk da dacewa da waɗannan binciken, akwai ƙananan bincike game da bambance-bambancen launi don mayar da martani ga yanayi a cikin dabbobin da ke cikin endothermic, wato, waɗanda ke da ikon daidaita yanayin jiki ta hanyar metabolism, kamar tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu shayarwa.
Sakamakon wannan bincike, wanda aka buga a mujallar kimiyya ta Scientific Reports, ya nuna cewa suna da ikon canza launin su don mayar da martani ga canjin yanayi. “Wadanda ke cikin jigon jiyya sun yi duhu fiye da na busassun magani. Sakamakonmu ya ba da shaida ta farko da ba ta da tabbas cewa iyawar tsuntsaye don daidaita launinsu na iya zama yiwuwar daidaitawa ga yanayin yanayi a cikin dabbobin da ba a iya gani ba, ”in ji mai binciken MNCN Juan Antonio Fargallo.
Dokokin Gloger
Tsarin yanayin muhalli na gargajiya wanda ke haɗa launin dabbobin endothermic zuwa yanayi shine mulkin Gloger, wanda ke hasashen mutane masu duhu (waɗanda ke da ƙarin launi a gashin fuka-fukan su ko Jawo) a cikin yankuna masu dumi, masu ɗanɗano. A wannan yanayin, mahimmin mahimmanci don fahimtar tsarin wannan ka'idar shine mai yiwuwa ko endotherms suna da ikon canza launi don mayar da martani ga zafin jiki da zafi. Kamar yadda Isabel López Rull ya yi bayani: "Idan dabbar da ke cikin huhu tana da ikon canza launinta da zafi yana inganta duhunta, kamar yadda tsarin mulkin Gloger ya dauka, tsuntsayen da ke zaune a cikin yanayi mai danshi na iya zama duhu fiye da tsuntsaye." ".
Dangane da wannan hasashe, gwaje-gwajen da aka yi da hannu sun nuna cewa launin ruwan fure don amsa zafi ya yi daidai da hasashen mulkin Gloger.
Don aiwatar da waɗannan tabbaci, tsawon lokacin gwajin gwajin ya zama watanni shida don rufe lokacin gyare-gyaren gashin gashin tsuntsu - wanda a cikin sparrows ya faru tsakanin Yuli da Satumba - kuma don tabbatar da cewa a ƙarshen jiyya duk tsuntsaye sun haɓaka. sabon plumage “Bayan watanni shida da fara jinyar, mun auna launin ruwan furen a sassa daban-daban na jiki ta hanyar amfani da spectrophotometer da hotuna na dijital. A ƙarshen gwajin, an saki tsuntsayen a wurin da aka kama su", in ji mai binciken URJC.
Wannan aikin ya kasance wani ɓangare na aikin bincike "Bambancin yanayi a cikin launi na melanic: hanyar gwaji ga hanyoyin da ke ƙarƙashin mulkin Gloger", babban mai bincike shine Isabel López Rull.
