The reactivation da gwamnatin da ra'ayin na 'shirya yarjejeniyar' a matsayin fifiko don hana inflationary episode lalacewa ta hanyar tashin farashin makamashi, da kuma tsananta da yaki a Ukraine, daga kai ga wani inflationary karkace da take kaiwa zuwa ga Tattalin arzikin da ke kusa da koma bayan tattalin arziki ya kuma sake farfado da farmakin da ake zargin an yi masa na wuce gona da iri kan ribar kamfanoni. Lamarin dai ya sake shiga cikin jawabin da gwamnati ta yi, dangane da rashin tasirin matakan da gwamnati ta dauka na dakile tashin farashin kayayyaki, wanda a wasu lokutan ake danganta shi ta hanyar da aka nuna, wani lokaci kuma a bayyane, ga tsayin daka da kamfanoni ke yi na rage ribar da suke samu. har ma ya ba da reel ga ma'aunin da Hukumar Zartaswa ta yi niyya ta zama ƙungiyar zamantakewa don rabin na biyu na shekara: ƙirƙirar harajin hankali kan ribar da kamfanonin makamashi suka samu.
Gwamnati ta ɗauka cewa kamfanoni a cikin sashin makamashi sun haɓaka ribar da suke samu a Spain a bayan hauhawar farashin hanyoyin samar da makamashi har ma daga wasu sassa na Shugaban Zartarwa Sánchez yana ƙarfafa su zama masu jajircewa kuma sun haɗa da wannan buhun kasafin kuɗi. kari ga bankuna ko kuma ga iyakance ga ribar da kamfanoni ke rarrabawa. An dasa matakan a fili ba tare da tantancewar farko ba dangane da bayanai, a wani bangare saboda, sabanin abin da ke faruwa tare da albashi, bayanan game da ribar kamfani "rauni ne kuma ba daidai ba ne", kamar yadda babban darektan Cibiyar ya yarda. na Nazarin Tattalin Arziki. , Gregorio Izquierdo.
Ɗaya daga cikin majiyoyin da ya nuna a matsayin mafi aminci ga sanin wannan bayanin shine Babban Balance Sheet na Babban Bankin Spain, wanda a kowace shekara yana danna ra'ayin daruruwan kamfanoni masu girma dabam da bayanan sassan don ɗaukar hoto da aka sabunta. halin da suke ciki na kudi. Sabbin bayanan da cibiyar ta samu daga wannan tushe, wanda Bankin Spain ya gabatar a wannan makon a wani taron sirri da aka yi a zauren Spain, ya haifar da kyakkyawan sakamako. Na farko shi ne, kamar yadda yake a cikin albashi, ’yan kasuwa gabaɗaya sun lura da ƙasa da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, wato, suna ɗaukar tasiri a ma'auninsu na hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da kuma cewa layukan gabaɗaya suna da ma'auni mai ma'ana a yau fiye da yadda ake samu. suna da shekara guda da ta wuce.
Sai dai bayanin da Bankin Spain ya tattara na cewa karin bayani. Misali, kamfanonin da suka samu riba mai yawa kafin tashin farashin kayayyaki, su ne suka fi rage yawan rarar da suke samu a cikin shekarar da ta gabata, inda suka samu raguwar kashi 6%. Cewa an kuma rage ragi a kamfanonin da suka fi fuskantar gasar kasashen waje, wato kamfanonin fitar da kayayyaki, da ma wadanda suka fi yin tasiri a farashin kayayyakin da suke hakowa sakamakon karin farashin makamashi.
Wannan bincike na farko da bankin na Spain ya yi bisa bayanan da wasu kamfanoni 900 suka bayar ya kuma bayyana cewa, kamfanonin da suka kara yawan ribar da suke samu idan aka kwatanta da yadda aka yi a shekarar da ta gabata, sun fi wadanda ke da dimbin basussuka. kuna da ƙarin matsaloli don rufe asarar kuɗin ku tare da ƙarin fa'idodi, wato, kuna da mafi ƙarancin matsayi na kuɗi kuma kuna buƙatar inganta shi ko dai don ba da tabbacin rayuwar ku ko don sauƙaƙe damar samun kuɗi. A ina kuma tazarar kasuwanci ta karu a cikin watanni goma sha biyu da suka gabata? To, a cikin kamfanonin da ke da ƙimar ƙirƙira ayyukan yi.
"Maganar da kamfanoni ke harba ra'ayoyinsu ba su amsa ga gaskiyar riba ba ta amsa ga gaskiyar," in ji babban darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Tattalin Arziki, dakin gwaje-gwaje na ra'ayoyin CEOE. "Abin da bayanin da ake samu ya ce shine kasuwancin kasuwanci yana girma a cikin kamfanonin da ke da kudaden kuɗi mafi dacewa ko nauyin nauyin aiki." Har ila yau, Izquierdo ya jaddada cewa karuwar riba a cikin kamfanoni masu yawan kuɗin kuɗi yana gurbata hoto, tun da waɗannan suna rage yawan ribarsu. "Halin da tattalin arzikin wadannan kamfanoni ke ciki ya fi yadda ribar ribarsu ta nuna."
Tarihin da wadannan bayanai suka kunsa ya sha bamban da wanda gwamnati ko kungiyoyin kwadago suka bayar da rahoton da suka fara gangamin neman karin albashin da ya biya diyya ga asarar karfin sayayya da ma’aikata suka tara a halin yanzu da hauhawar farashin kaya bisa ga tazarar. kamfanoni sun yarda da shi. Daya daga cikin hujjojin da suke kawowa shine, idan hauhawar farashin kaya ya kai kashi 10% kuma tallafin albashi na yarjejeniyar ya kai kusan kashi 2,5%, to komai na daga kamfanonin ne.
"Ba za mu iya mantawa da cewa muna da masana'antar kasuwanci da ta kunshi kanana da matsakaitan kamfanoni, muna da ribar da ba ta da yawa sosai, sannan kuma akwai alamar martabar sassan da ke sa lamarin ya bambanta da yawa daga wannan fanni zuwa wani." , ya nuna babban manazarta na majalisar Spain, Raúl Mínguez. Bayanin nasa kuma yana goyan bayan bayanan, waɗanda rahoton SAFE ya bayar game da kuɗin kasuwanci da Babban Bankin Turai da Hukumar Tarayyar Turai suka shirya daga dubban kamfanoni a duk faɗin Turai, kuma wanda ya bayyana cewa tsakanin Oktoba 2021 da Maris 2022, wato, a cikin tsayin haɓakar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, adadin SMEs waɗanda suka rage girman su shine maki 27 sama da waɗanda suka ƙaru.
A cikin wannan yanayin ne gwamnati ke son shiga tsakani, wanda a halin yanzu da alama ta yanke shawarar takaita ayyukanta ne kawai ga makamashi da kuma gina sabon haraji kan ribar da ta ke samu. Ba ku da sauran zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa ban da taksi. Ana iya iyakance albashin masu zaman kansu ta hanyar yarjejeniyoyin gama gari, albashi da sauran kudaden shiga na jama'a kamar su fansho ta hanyar dokar gwamnati, amma iyakance ribar kamfanoni abu ne mai sauki. Raúl Mínguez, wanda ya yi kashedin game da hadarin da ke tattare da kara cajin haraji ga kamfanoni, ya ce "Babu wani abu da zai yiwu, amma akwai duk ka'idojin kai, wanda ke samarwa kuma ya fi son kai fiye da samar da wasu buri." a cikin yanayin hauhawar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da raguwar ayyukan tattalin arziki.
Gwamnati da wakilan jama'a sun yanke shawarar barin tattaunawar a kan yarjejeniyar samun kudin shiga na watan Satumba, amma idan masana sun amince da abu daya, shi ne cewa duk wata yarjejeniya ta hada da dukkan wakilai: albashi, ribar kasuwanci da riba. kudaden shiga na jama'a, gami da fansho
