Ukuboniswa phambi komkhumbi i-Estai ngemva kokukhululwaUManuel P. Villatoro@VillatoroManuKubuyekeziwe: 17/02/2022 08:22h
“Sifuna ukwazi ukuthi kungani besabisa ngezikhali. Thina singabadobi." Cishe phakathi kwamabili ngobusuku buka-March 9, 1995, kwaqala ingxabano yamazwe ngamazwe abambalwa abakhumbulayo: lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-Halibut War. Lalina eNyakatho ye-Atlantic, okuyisandulela esidabukisayo sokushuba kwesimo esizogqashuka, lapho umsindo wesibhamu unqamula umoya eNewfoundland. Izinhlamvu ziphuma emkhunjini we-'Cape Roger', waseCanada ngaphezu kokugoqa, kanti okuhlosiwe kwakuwumkhumbi wokudoba i-'Estai' osuka e-Vigo. Bekungokokuqala ngqa ukuthi izwe lihlasele okunye eminyakeni engamashumi amane.
Ukuqhunyiswa kwaleso sibhamu somshini kwaqeda amahora ambalwa okukhuphuka nokwehla kanye nezingxoxo phakathi kwemikhumbi yomibili i-vertex evamile: ukudotshwa kwe-halibut, isilwane esifana nesoli.
Abanye - abaseCanada - babedinga ukuthi abaseGalicia bahambe kude nalezo zilwandle; abanye - abaseSpain - babambelele ekutheni bakhululekile ukudoba emanzini aphesheya uma befisa. Konke kuphele njengoba bekufanele: ukuboshwa komkhumbi iVigo yi-Coast Guard. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, kwaqala ukuphiwa nokuthatha okwaholela ekumenyezelweni kwempi engathatha usuku oluncane futhi eyayizodonsela iYurophu empini enkulu.
izingcindezi zokuqala
Kodwa impi ayizange igqame ngosuku olulodwa nje olusekelwe emagameni aqhoshayo nezinhlamba zolwandle oluphakeme. Empeleni, lokhu kudoba i-redfish kunciphise kakhulu endaweni. "Ingxabano yanyamalala emkhakheni wezobuchwephesha ngokugqugquzelwa kwevoti ngaphakathi kweNorth Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (NAFO) lapho i-EU yaphoqeleka ukuthi yehlise inani layo lamanje lama-75% okubanjwa kwe-Greenland halibut kuleso sifunda ku-12,59% kuphela ” , liqinisekise leli phephandaba.
Ukucweba kwekhekhe bekuyizitatimende zikahulumeni waseCanada lapho beqinisekise khona ukuthi "kuzothathwa izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukubhekwa ngokweqile kwabantu bakwamanye amazwe ogwini olusempumalanga" kuzophela. Njengokungathi usongo olumboziwe lwalungenele kakade, ngoMeyi 12 'Ukuvikelwa Kwezindawo Zokudoba Ogwini' kwashintshwa, ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwebutho lezempi kunoma ubani ofinyelela emanzini akhona kwakugunyaziwe. Ezinyangeni kamuva, uNgqongqoshe Wezokudoba Nezilwandle waseCanada, u-Brian Tobin, wahlushwa kakhulu izinga lokushisa, ngokusho kwe-ABC, lapho "ekhuluma ngokuguqulwa kwemithetho yokudoba ukuze izinikeze ilungelo lamanje ngaphandle kwamamayela wayo angama-200."
+ imininingwane
Futhi kulezo zinsika imikhumbi yokudoba yaseGalician yafika eNewfoundland ngo-March 1995. Kungashiwo ukuthi izitsha zazikhokhelwa 'ama-estai' ngemva kwezixwayiso nezinsongo ezingenakubalwa ezivela iziphathimandla zendawo zasogwini. "I-Canada izolo ivumile ukugibela futhi yathathwa emkhunjini waseSpain owawudoba i-Greenland halibut," kubika i-ABC ngomhlaka-10 kuleyo nyanga. Uhulumeni waseSpain ubize lokho kucasuka ngokuthi "isenzo sobugebengu", kuyilapho abameleli be-European Union bakubiza ngokuthi "isenzo esingekho emthethweni ngaphandle kokuziphatha okuvamile koMbuso ophethe". UTobin akazange esabe futhi waphendula ngokuthi ukuzingela kuzonwetshwa kunoma yimuphi umkhumbi wokudoba owephula imithetho emisha.
U-Huelga uthe izithombe zokuthunjwa kwe-'Estai' zishaqise iSpain. Ukubona amatilosi avela eVigo efika ethekwini futhi abingelelwa ngokujabula abantu bendawo kwakuwukuziqhenya okuncane kwesizwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukaputeni womkhumbi, u-Enrique Dávila, ukuqinisekisile ngocingo ukuthi abasebenzi basesimeni esihle: "Ngizolile, sonke siphila kahle futhi basiphatha kahle." Wachaza nokuthi, lapho isikebhe sokudoba sigibela, "babengamakhilomitha okungenani angu-300 ukusuka ogwini lwaseCanada." Okusho ukuthi: emanzini ngamazwe. "Sinqume ukubavumela ukuthi basihlasele ukuze sisindise ubuqotho bethu bomzimba", siphelelisiwe.
Abazange balibale ukukhululwa ngemva kokukhokha uhlobo oluthile lwesihlengo se-peseta eyizigidi ezingu-50, kodwa imbewu yokungqubuzana yayisivele itshaliwe. Ukusabela kuyanda eSpain, futhi akekho owayephishekela ukuzola. UManuel Fraga, umongameli weGalician Executive, uthe ukubheka "lokho kuthathwe njengodlame kuzo zonke izinze eSpain." Futhi okufanayo kwenziwa yiKhansela Lezokudoba, uJuan Caamaño, owamangalela iCanada ngokwenza "isenzo sempi ngokumelene nezwe elizimele". Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wagcizelela ukuthi i-European Union kufanele ibeke unswinyo "ezweni laseNyakatho Melika ngaphezu kwezindaba zokudoba."
Impi yosuku olulodwa
Uhulumeni, oholwa nguSocialist Felipe González, akazange antshwenye futhi uphendule ngokuthumela umkhumbi, i-'Vigía', e-Terranova ukuze uvikele indawo yokudlela yabadobi. Kodwa nalokho akuzange kuyiqede imimoya. Kunalokho, kwabenza bashisa nakakhulu. "Bobabili abanikazi bemikhumbi kanye nokaputeni bamafriji aseSpain bakugxekile 'ukuhlukunyezwa' imikhumbi ehlushwa yizingxenye zeCanadian Navy nezindiza zobuzwe obufanayo," kubhala i-ABC ngoMashi 21, ngemuva nje kwalokho amasosha aseSpain. umkhumbi uzofika endaweni.
Kuzo zonke izinyanga ezalandela, iCanada yaqhubeka nomkhankaso wayo wokuhlukumeza imikhumbi yokudoba yaseSpain. Kungakapheli izinsuku ezinhlanu i-'Vigía 'ifikile, bahlasela izikebhe zokudoba i-'Verdel', 'Mayi IV', 'Ana Gandón' kanye 'noJosé Antonio Nores' ngamanono amanzi. UTobin wakuvumela lokho kuhlasela futhi wagcizelela ukuthi, lapho isikhathi sifika, babengeke bangabaze ukusebenzisa amandla. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iSpain yavumela imikhumbi ukuthi iqhubeke nokudoba futhi yalahla izenzo zesitha sayo esisha. I-European Union ibhalisele ukucasuka Kwesikhulu sika-Felipe González, kodwa ayizange ibeke unswinyo lwezomnotho. Kwakubonakala sengathi yonke into imile.
+ imininingwane
Labo abaphethe imikhumbi yokudoba neziqandisi bakwenza kwacaca emazwini aleli phephandaba: “Ingcindezi abasifaka kuyo iyimpi engokwengqondo yangempela; izikebhe ezine zokuqapha zaseCanada zingaphansi kwamamitha angamashumi amathathu ukusuka ezikebheni zethu, ezinezibani ezinkulu ezikhanyayo ezisikhazimulayo futhi ezisivimbela ekusebenzeni». U-Eugenio Tigras, ukaputeni we-'Pescamaro I', wayecace nakakhulu futhi ecacile futhi ecacile ukuthi waphoqeleka ukuba alwe namasosha e-Invincible Armada ahlupheka ukuhamba ngomkhumbi ukuze aphoqelele abaseCanada ukuba behle. Kodwa-ke, isimemezelo sabo bonke sasilula: "Akekho ozosenza siyeke ukudoba ezindaweni zokudoba emanzini e-NAFO".
Ngo-April 14, kwafinyelelwa esicongweni. Cishe ngehora lesithupha ntambama, uHulumeni waseCanada wanquma ukuthi ukuhlasela okokugcina kwesikebhe sokudoba kwakuzokwenza iSpain ihoxe nakanjani eNewfoundland. Ngemuva komhlangano osheshayo, ongqongqoshe banqume ukuthi ithimba lamasosha lalizosuka echwebeni laseHalifax likhiphe umyalelo wokuthi liyohlasela. Indlela efihliwe yokumemezela impi.
+ imininingwane
Ngokwamazwi e-CISDE ('Ikhampasi Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yezokuphepha Nokuvikela'), isisetshenziswa benziwe izikebhe zokugada ze-'Cape Roger', 'Cygnus' kanye ne-'Chebucto'; umkhumbi wonogada osogwini 'JE Bernier'; umkhumbi ophihliza iqhwa 'Sir John Franklin'; i-frigate 'HMCS Gatineau' kanye ne-'HMCS Nipigon' -enye yazo inendiza engujekamanzi egibeleni-; inombolo engaziwa yemikhumbi-ngwenya namabutho asemoyeni. Ngokusobala, bekunezingxoxo zokuthumela ama-fighters. Phambi kwabo ngaleso sikhathi bekunezikebhe ezimbili ezigadayo ezibekwe endaweni.
Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, uPaul Dubois, ungqongqoshe wezangaphandle wezwe, wabiza inxusa laseSpain e-Ottawa futhi wamazisa ngalezi zindiza. Ethukile, wathintana nomongameli ngokwakhe, uFelipe González. Konke kuthengwe ngamaminithi. Bese, ukwamukela izimo nokuletha amathani angu-40.000 we-halibut. Khomba futhi uqedele ukungqubuzana okwathatha usuku olulodwa.
