El Ukulawula Okuthulile Kuyindlela lapho umthetho ucabanga ukuthi ezimweni ezithile ukungabi bikho kwesinqumo soPhiko lapho kunezicelo ezithile noma izinsizakusebenza eziphakanyiswe yilokho okuphethe kudala umphumela ongaba mubi noma ube muhle. Lokho wukuthi, ezindabeni zombango wezokuphatha, ukushiywa kwezimpendulo yiziphathimandla zombuso ezicelweni ezilethwe yile nkampani, kwaziwa ngokuthi yi-Administrative Silence, ngokuya nge-Law 1437 ka-2011 okuvumayo noma okungalungile.
Lapho usebenza ngokuthula ekuphatheni, kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi le nqubo yenzeka ngaphakathi kwesigaba sezinqubo zokuphatha ezilawulwayo nezihlukaniswa ngokuya ngemibandela izinqubo ukuvunyelwa okuzenzakalelayo noma of ukuhlolwa kwangaphambili yibhizinisi. Ngakho-ke, lokhu inqubo yokuhlola yangaphambilini kuyisihloko, uma kwenzeka kungabikho isimemezelo esifike ngesikhathi, ezinhlotsheni ezimbili zokuxazululwa, eyodwa kuye ukuthula okuqondile nenye eya ku- ukuthula okungalungile. (Ngokwe-Art. 83 yoMthetho 1437 ka-2011).
Lokhu kuhlolwa kwangaphambilini kufanele kwenziwe ngezinyathelo ezithile eziwukufundiswa, ukuqinisa, ubufakazi futhi ekugcineni, ukumenyezelwa kwebhizinisi, lapho, isicelo sokwengamela sizomiswa ngenkathi inqubo ixazululwa.
Ngokuthula kokuphatha, inqubo ingaqedwa. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kuhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili: ukuthula okuqondile futhi i ukuthula okungalungile, ngokusho kwendatshana engenhla.
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Ukuthula Okuhle.
Ukuthula okuhle kokuphatha kunikezwa ngokuzenzekelayo yi-Public Administration ngentando eqondile yomthetho. Imiphumela ivela ngqo ezinqubweni zokuphatha, lapho ivunywa ngokuzenzakalela ngokwemigomo eyayicelwe ngayo ekuqaleni. Kunezidingo ezimbili eziyinhloko lapho kwenziwa khona ukuhlolwa okuzenzakalelayo kokuthula okuhle kokuphatha, okuyilezi:
- Ukuthi isikhathi esisungulwe ngumthetho sesedlule.
- Ukuthi ibhizinisi alisidlulisanga isimemezelo kumphathi lapho lithole ithuba.
Ukuze kwenziwe inqubo enhle yokuphatha, imigomo yalesi sinqumo kufanele ibalwe kusukela ngosuku okwethulwa ngalo isicelo noma isikhalazo, kepha kungenzeka futhi ukuthi isenzo esihle singasuswa ekuqondisweni okuqondile, lokhu yingxenye iziphathimandla ezibamemezele noma abaphathi bazo abasezingeni eliphezulu, ngokwesikhundla seqembu, njengoba kunikezwe ku-athikili 93 yoMthetho 1437 ka-2011, lapho, ngaleli cala lenqubo enhle yokuphatha, kungukuthi:
- Lapho kuphikiswa uMthethosisekelo Wezepolitiki noma uMthetho.
- Lapho ingavumelani nomphakathi noma intshisekelo yomphakathi noma izanywa ngayo.
- Lapho kwenzeka lokhu kulimala okungafanele kumuntu.
Yini inqubo yokuphatha yokuqhubeka nokuthula okuhle?
Ukunxenxa inqubo yokuthula yokuphatha, ngokusho kwendatshana 85 yoMthetho 1437 ka-2011, umuntu othola ngaphansi kwezimo zomthetho inzuzo yokuthula, lezi zidingo ezilandelayo kumele zenziwe:
- Irekhodi noma ikhophi njengoba kushiwo endatshaneni 15 yoMthetho ofanayo 1437.
- I-afidavithi ecacisa ukuthi awukaziswanga ngesinqumo esikhathini esinqunywe ngumthetho.
Kuzona zozimbili lezi zenzo, itayitela lomphakathi namakhophi angempela wohlelo olufanayo akhiqiza imiphumela efanayo yezomthetho esinqumweni esivumayo mayelana nesicelo esenziwa ekuqaleni. Futhi-ke, kungumsebenzi wabo bonke abantu njengezinhlangano zomphakathi, ukuqaphela ngemibandela esemthethweni.
Yikuphi ukucabanga kwemvelaphi yokuthula okuPhezulu okuPhethe?
Kunemibono emine lapho inqubo ingaphansi kokuthula okuhle, yilezi:
- Lezo zicelo ezinokwazisa okugunyaza ukusetshenziswa kwamalungelo asele ekhona.
- Izinsizakusebenza okuhloswe ngazo ukubuza ukungavunyelwa kwesicelo esithile, esimweni lapho umuntu ekhethe ukufaka isicelo sokuthula sokuphatha okungalungile.
- Kuzinqubo lapho umphumela wesinqumo sokugcina ungeke wedluliswe ngqo ekuphathweni ngaphandle kwalowo ofake isicelo, ngokunciphisa, ukulimaza noma ukuthinta izintshisekelo ezisemthethweni noma amalungelo.
- Zonke lezo zinqubo ngokucelwa iqembu elingaphansi kokuthula okukhethekile kokuphatha, ngaphandle kwesicelo se-ex gratia nezinqubo zokubonisana ezilawulwa ngumthethonqubo othile.
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Ukuthula Okungafanele Kwezokuphatha.
Lokhu kuthula okungekuhle kwezokuphatha kusekelwe kwilungelo lokuzikhethela kuleli cala elisekela umuntu ongazisebenzeli ngokuzenzekelayo. Ngokwe-athikili 83 yoMthetho 1437 ka-2011, lapho ichaza khona ukuthi ukuthula okungahambi kahle kwezokuphatha kuhlinzeka ngokuthi uma isicelo sesifakiwe, uma kudlule izinyanga ezintathu (3) ngaphandle kokwaziswa ngesinqumo esisombululayo, kuzoqondakala ukuthi impendulo inegethivu.
Uma icala lethuliwe, ukuthi umthetho ukhombisa isikhathi esingeqile ezinyangeni ezintathu (3) ezishiwo ngenhla ukuze sikwazi ukuxazulula isicelo ngaphandle kokuthatha isinqumo, ukuthula kwezokuphatha kuzokwenzeka ngemuva kwenyanga eyodwa (1) okungukuthi kubalwa kusukela usuku okwakufanele ukuthi kwenziwe ngalo isinqumo. Futhi, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi uma kwenzeka ukuthula kungaphathwa kahle, lesi senzo asikhiqizi ukukhululwa ekuzibophezeleni phambi kweziphathimandla, futhi asiwunikezi isibopho umsebenzi wokunquma ngesicelo sokuqala, kuphela esimweni lapho iThe umuntu onentshisekelo usebenzise amakhambi aphikisana neqiniso elisolwayo noma, ukuthi yize eye endaweni ephethe udaba oluyimpikiswano, ukuphathwa kwe-oda kwazisiwe.
Ukwenza inqubo, umlawuli unezinketho ezimbili:
- Lindela abaphathi bakahulumeni ukuthi bazibize.
- Yenza isinqumo sokuphonsela inselelo ukungasebenzi kokulawula.
Ngale ndlela, uma kwenzeka ukuthi inkampani ithathe isinqumo sokuphonsela inselelo, ingakwenza lokho ngesimo esiphakeme sokuphatha noma, uma kunjalo, ngaphambi koMandla Wezomthetho ngenqubo yokuphikisana nokuphatha njengoba kushiwo ngenhla.
Ukuthula okungekuhle futhi kunomthelela wokugunyaza ukuphathwa kokufakwa kwezikhalazo zokuphatha kanye nezenzo zomthetho ezifanele, okusho ukuthi leli nani lingaphinde libe nemiphumela ekuphathweni futhi, ngakho-ke, lizoba nomsebenzi wokuxazulula, ngaphansi kwesibopho esifanele. Kodwa-ke, lo msebenzi uyagcinwa kuze kwaziswe ukuthi udaba okukhulunywa ngalo selulethwe esiphathweni sezomthetho noma, ngenxa yalokho, inkampani isebenzise izinsizakusebenza ezihambisanayo zokuphatha.
Yini imibono yokuvela kokuthula okungalungile kokuphatha?
Amacala okudabuka angaphansi kokuthula okungalungile azonikezwa ngokuya ngokulandelayo:
- Esimweni lapho isicelo sigxila futhi sibhekane nezindaba ezithinta umphakathi.
- Lapho kuphikiswana ngeminye imisebenzi yangaphambilini yokuphatha, ngaphandle kwezinsizakusebenza.
- Endabeni yezinqubo ezintathu futhi nazo zonke lezo ezakha isibopho sokuzinikeza noma ukuziphatha kuhulumeni.
- Lezo zinqubo ezihambelana nokubhaliswa.
- Onke lawo macala, lapho ngokomthetho ocacile, kusebenza indlela ethule yokuphatha.
Yini inkathi yesikhathi yokwenza inqubo yokuhlola okuzenzakalelayo noma ukuhlola ngaphambi kokuthula kokuphatha?
Ngokuvamile, inqubo yangaphambilini yokuhlola kufanele yenziwe esikhathini esingeqile ezinsukwini zebhizinisi ezingama-30, ngaphandle kwalapho izinqubo ezintsha zisungulwa ngumthetho noma isinqumo somthetho esidinga isikhathi esikhulu kunaleso esisungulwe ngaphezulu. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi isikhathi esisungulwe kule nqubo siphothulwe futhi kungakhishwa senzo, ukuthula kwezokuphatha kuthathwa kalula.
Yini okuhlukile ekuthuleni kwezokuphatha?
Ngokuphathelene nokuhlukile kuthule lokuphatha, amacala alandelayo angakhonjwa:
- Lezo zinqubo zokulamula, zokulamula nezokubuyisana.
- Amacala aqedwe ngesivumelwano noma ngesivumelwano.
Buyini ubudlelwano nabaphathi kulezi zimo obethulwe ngokuthula kokulawula?
Empeleni, ngemuva kwesikhathi esifanayo, isibopho sokuphatha sokuxazulula silahlekile, ngoba inqubo isiphelile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwenziwa isenzo sokuphatha, kulokhu esivumelana nokuphathwa, kokucatshangwa noma okucashile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isenzo esizolandelwa sinenhloso yesinqumo esiqeda inqubo efanele ngakho-ke, futhi ekugcineni, sigcina amandla okungabi nalutho ex officio.
