Uluntu lwaseMadrid luvunyiwe uMthetho 1/2022, we-10 kaFebruwari, ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukhetho olukhululekileyo lweziko lemfundo elichazwe kwinqaku lama-27 loMgaqo-siseko waseSpain, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimfuno zoluntu kunye nophuhliso oludibeneyo lwabafundi kunye, ngokukodwa, kwabo baneemfuno zemfundo ezikhethekileyo.
Ilungelo lemfundo namathuba alinganayo
Umthetho unikezela ngesihloko sawo sokuQala kwizibonelelo zendalo ngokubanzi. Njengoko kuchaziwe njengenjongo yoMthetho ukuqinisekisa nokuqinisekisa imfundo esemgangathweni kwiimeko zamathuba alinganayo kwilungelo lemfundo, iqinisekisa ukuhlonelwa kwamalungelo omgaqo-siseko kunye nenkululeko kunye nokuba ukusetyenziswa kwenkululeko yokuzikhethela isikolo. Ikwachaza nokuba yintoni na, ngeenjongo zommiselo, yamkelwa njengelungelo lemfundo kunye namathuba alinganayo, inkululeko yokuzikhethela iziko lemfundo, ingqalelo kubafundi abaneemfuno zemfundo ezizodwa kunye nendlela yokufundisa ebandakanya ngakumbi.
Ngokuphathelele aba bafundi abaneemfuno zemfundo ezizodwa, bathathele ingqalelo ukufunda kumaziko emfundo aqhelekileyo, kwiiyunithi zemfundo ezizodwa kumaziko aqhelekileyo, kumaziko emfundo eyodwa okanye kwimodality edityanisiweyo njengeyona ndlela yemfundo ebandakanya bonke abafundi, kuthathelwa ingqalelo imeko yomfundi ngamnye kunye neyona nto ibalaseleyo. umdla womntwana, ukuze kuphunyezwe uphuhliso olunokwenzeka lwezakhono zomfundi kunye nokubandakanywa kwabo kuluntu.
Lo mgaqo uya kuqinisekisa imfundo esimahla enyanzelekileyo, ngokungqinelana nemigaqo yeLOE 2/2006 kwaye uya kukhuthaza inkqubela yasimahla kwizigaba zemfundo enyanzelekileyo.
Imigaqo ngokubanzi
Kukwabandakanya imigaqo eqhelekileyo esekelwe phezu kwayo isicatshulwa, esahlulwe sangamacandelo amabini, elinye libandakanya abo babhekisela kwinkululeko yokuzikhethela iziko, kunye nelinye elihlobene nemigaqo ekhusela ingqalelo yabafundi abaneemfuno ezizodwa zemfundo.
Kwicandelo lokuqala lamacandelo abonisa ilungelo lemfundo, amathuba alinganayo, ilungelo lokufumana imfundo ngeSpanish, ubuninzi bezemfundo, ukugqwesa kwezemfundo, ukuzinikela kweentsapho kunye nolwazi oluselubala.
Imigaqo enxulumene nokuqwalaselwa kwabafundi abaneemfuno ezizodwa zemfundo isekelwe ngokukodwa, kwicala labo, kwezo zesiqhelo, ukubandakanywa, ukungacaluli, kunye nokulingana okusebenzayo ekufikeleleni kunye nokusisigxina kwinkqubo yemfundo.
Ukufundisa kwabantu besini esinye
Umbhalo ubonisa ukuba, ngaphandle kokungahoyi amalungiselelo esibonelelo esongezelelweyo 25, icandelo 1, le-LOE 2/2006, kumagama alo anikezwe yi-Organic Law 3/2020, kaDisemba 29 (ebizwa ngokuba yiCelaá Law), akukho lucalucalulo. ukwamkelwa kwabafundi okanye umbutho wemfundo eyahlulwe ngokwesini, ukuze imfundo abayinikezelayo iphuhlise ngokuhambelana nemigaqo yenqaku lesi-2 leSivumelwano sokulwa nocalucalulo kwinkalo yemfundo, evunyiweyo yiNkomfa Jikelele ye-UNESCO. Disemba 14, 1960, kwinqaku lesi-2 le-LOE 2/2006 ekhankanywe ngasentla nakwinqaku lama-24 loMthetho we-Organic 3/2007, we-22 kaMatshi, malunga nokulingana okusebenzayo kwabasetyhini kunye namadoda.
inkululeko yokuzikhethela iziko
Umthetho ulawula ilungelo lemfundo kunye nenkululeko yokukhetha isikolo, eqinisekisa ilungelo lokufumana imfundo esisiseko yamahhala kunye nenkululeko enokwenzeka yokukhetha iziko kwintsimi yoLuntu lwaseMadrid.
Ilungu lowiso-mthetho lommandla wakhetha ukuseka ulawulo ukuze kusetyenziswe inkululeko yokuzikhethela yeziko exhaswa ngemali karhulumente ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo, ezithathwa njengeyanelisayo ngokupheleleyo, efunyenwe ukufakelwa kwintsimi yoLuntu kwindawo yemfundo, apho ibandakanye ukwenziwa lula kwenkqubo yesikolo ngokuphelisa ukucandwa kwemihlaba.
iintlanganiso zemfundo
Isicatshulwa sikwalawula ukuba nokwenzeka kokwenziwa ngempumelelo ilungelo kumathuba alinganayo okufikelela kwimfundo esisiseko yasimahla kunye nenkululeko yemfundo ngokwamkelwa kolawulo lwekonsathi ngamaziko abucala. Ibonelela ukuba ubukho beendawo ezaneleyo buya kuqinisekiswa kuzo zonke iimfundiso ezivakaliswe simahla, kucingelwa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kwiNdawo yaseMadrid kunokwenzeka ukubiza iithenda zoluntu zokwakha kunye nolawulo lwamaziko adibeneyo oluntu kuphela. ubonelelo.
Umthetho uqinisekisa imfundo yasimahla enyanzelekileyo efundiswa kumaziko abucala axhaswa ngemali karhulumente.
Abafundi abaneemfuno zemfundo ezizodwa
Isihloko II, esiphathelele kubafundi abaneemfuno zemfundo ezizodwa, singqinelana nezahluko ezithandathu. Eyokuqala imisela ukuba ukufundiswa kwabafundi abaneemfuno ezizodwa kuya kuba, ngokubanzi, kumaziko aqhelekileyo, kwaye kuphela xa iimfuno zabafundi zingenako ukufezekiswa ngokwaneleyo kumaziko akhankanyiweyo apho kuya kusonjululwa kumaziko emfundo eyodwa, kumaziko athile emfundo. kumaziko aqhelekileyo okanye kwindlela yemfundo edibeneyo.
Ukwalawula nomgangatho wovandlakanyo nonyuselo lwabafundi abaneemfuno zemfundo ezizodwa, kuquka imiba efana nokuchongwa kwangethuba, uvandlakanyo lokuqala, ulwazi lwengqondo yokufundisa, ulawulo lobhaliso lwesikolo kunye nokunyuselwa kwabafundi.
Umthetho uhambelana nezenzo ezinokuthi, ngokumalunga naba bafundi, kufuneka zithathwe ngolawulo lwemfundo yoLuntu lwaseMadrid kunye namaziko emfundo. Phakathi kwezokuqala, kukuqinisekisa imfundo eyaneleyo yabafundi abaneemfuno zemfundo ezizodwa, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukubonelela ngeendawo zesikolo ngemali exhaswa ngemali karhulumente nokubonelela ngamaziko emfundo axhaswa ngemali karhulumente ngezibonelelo eziyimfuneko zokubonelela ngemfundo elinganayo nesemgangathweni.
Izibonelelo, izicwangciso zoqeqesho kunye nokukhuthazwa kwezinto ezintsha zemfundo kumaziko emfundo abhalisa abafundi abaneemfuno zemfundo ezizodwa nazo zibandakanyiwe kwisicatshulwa, esichaza izinto eziphathekayo kunye nabasebenzi athe amaziko kufuneka abe nawo.
Uthatho-nxaxheba lweentsapho lukwaxhomekeke kummiselo. Isekelwe kumgaqo wokwenza umzamo ekwabelwana ngawo kwaye iya kwenzeka ngentsebenziswano kwizigqibo ezichaphazela ukufunda kwaba bafundi. Ilungelo lokwazi nokwaziswa ngokuqulethwe yikharityhulam neenkqubo zemfundo yokufundisa-learning liyavunywa, kwakunye nokuqulethweyo neenkqubo zemisebenzi yokuncedisana, yasemva kweeyure zesikolo kunye neenkonzo zokuncedisana eziya kufundiswa.
Okokugqibela, umgangatho ulawula imiba enxulumene nolungelelwaniso, uqhelaniso kunye novavanyo. Ulungelelwaniso luya kwenziwa phakathi kwabasebenzi abasebenza kwiziko lemfundo elinye, kumaziko emfundo ahlukeneyo, okanye kunye neengcali ezivela kumaqumrhu, imibutho kunye nemibutho engenzi nzuzo ekhonza abafundi abaneemfuno zemfundo ezizodwa.
Ilungiselelo lesithathu elongezelelweyo loMthetho libonelela ukuba umxholo walo uya kusebenza kumaziko ethu abucala axhaswa ngemali karhulumente, ngaphandle kokuba awungqubani nemigaqo yeSihlokwana I soMthetho we-Organic 8/1985, we-3 kaJulayi, olawula iLungelo Imfundo, kunye neemfuno zeSahluko III seSihlokwana IV neSahluko II seSiqendu V se-LOE 2/2006.
ukungena ngamandla
Umthetho 1/2022, we-10 kaFebruwari, waqala ukusebenza ngoFebruwari 16, 2022, ngosuku emva kokupapashwa kwiGazethi esemthethweni yoLuntu lwaseMadrid.
