U-Esperanza Aguirre: Inenekazi elikwinkonzo yezopolitiko

Igama lakhe elipheleleyo ngu-Esperanza Aguirre Gil de Biedma, wazalwa ngoJanuwari 3, 1952, kwisixeko saseMadrid, eSpain. Ungumfazi oqala esemncinci kakhulu ukuba anikwe ikamva elihle, le nceda ngaphandle kwidolophu yakhe kwaye bakhokele kwindlela yenyaniso.

Lo mfazi waziwa ngokubanzi ikhondo lezopolitiko Kananjalo, ngenxa yeempawu zakhe zokunxibelelana kunye neempawu zakhe ezibonakalayo nezintle ezinje ngamehlo amdaka ngombala, ulusu olumhlophe, iinwele ezimhlophe kunye nokuphakama kwakhe kwe-1.60cm.

Ngoobani abazali bakho?

Abazali bakhe nguJosé Luis Aguirre Borrell kunye noPiedad Gil de Biedma, abantu base ukubaluleka okukhulu kwezopolitiko zesizwe esele zithathe umhlala-phantsi. Ngokunjalo, babexabiseke kakhulu ku-Esperanza, kuba ngaphandle koncedo lwabo nenkxaso ngewayengazange afumane isimilo sokuba enze umsebenzi wakhe wobupolitika.

I-Aguirre ivela kusapho olubaluleke kakhulu kwi uluntu oluphezulu Madrilenian kwaye kungenxa yesi sizathu yabhaptizwa njenge-Esperanza Fuencisla yiNtombi Enyulu yaseFuencisla umxhasi ongcwele waseSegovia nangenxa yentsingiselo yayo engonakaliswanga necocekileyo.

Yintoni i-Esperanza yaseSpain?

Ndiyathemba, bekunjalo umlawuli imfundo kunye nenkcubeko phakathi ko-1996 no-1999, ngokunjalo umongameli weNdlu yeeNgwevu Kuluntu lwaseMadrid phakathi kuka-2003 no-2012, izikhundla ekuze kube namhlanje akukho mntu uzenzileyo njengaye.

Ngale ndlela, bekunjalo umongameli ngumbutho odumileyo wonxibelelwano waseMadrid kwiminyaka ye-2004 kunye ne-2016 kwaye baphumelela kumthetho wolwazi nakwezokhenketho lukarhulumente.

Kwangelo xesha, waba ngomnye wabafazi bokuqala ukudlala enye yeyokuqala Ubongameli beNdlu yeeNgwevu Ukanti, uphumelele elinye lamagqwetha avotelwe kakhulu, kodwa akonelanga ukuba ngusodolophu kodwa abe sisithethi seqela likamasipala elithandwayo kwiholo yedolophu.

Ngubani usapho lwakho?

U-Esperanza Aguirre uvela kusapho olubaluleke kakhulu, athe ebomini bakhe wadlala indima inkxaso kunye nokwamkelwa phambi kobuntu bakhe, okwenza indlela ingabi nzima kwaye izele kukukhuthaza kunye nothando.

Ezinye zezi zalamane zibhalwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: U-Esperanza ngumtshana wesibini kaJaime Gil de Biedma kunye nomzala wesibini umfoti UBárbara Allende kunye noGil de Biedma. Utatomkhulu notatomkhulu wakhe yayinguJosé Luis Aguirre Martos, a usomashishini Ukusuka kwimanyano yamandla kazwelonke kunye no-Esperanza Borrell kunye noGarcía-Lastra, inkosikazi yakhe.

Es kuqala kunye nomzimba kaFernando Pulg de la Bellacasa kunye noAguirre kunye nenkosikazi yakhe nabantwana.

Zithini iinjongo zakho zomfundi?

Eli nenekazi ligqibe zonke izifundo zalo zaseprayimari nezasesekondari eColegios de la Asunción naseBritish Institute yaseMadrid, lafumana Isalathiso sezakhono eziphezulu kwisifundo ngasinye awasifundayo, ngaloo ndlela emnika ubuchule obuhambelana nempumelelo nganye kunye namanqaku axabisekileyo.

Emva kwexesha, kwi-1974 waqala izifundo eziphambili kwiYunivesithi yaseCompútense yaseMadrid umsebenzi wezomthetho Kungekudala emva kokuba engaphakathi kwiziko wayehlala entloko kwinkonzo yentengiso yokhenketho lwabafundi, apho ahlala khona de kwangowe-1979.

Ubuye wahlala esemncinci kwi Iklabhu yenkululeko yaseMadrid kunye neqela lokukhusela amalungelo abafundi eyunivesithi.

Athini amanqanaba akho okuqala kwezopolitiko?

Emva kokuphumelela, u-Esperanza waye wafikelela umgaqo-nkqubo kamasipala kunye neqela lezopolitiko "Umdibaniso oDumileyo", oya kuthi ekuhambeni kwexesha adityaniswe kwiqela le "Liberal Union".

NgoDisemba ngo-1984, iAguirre yaqala ukubamba izikhundla ezahlukeneyo ezinje nge ulawulo lwesizwe nonobhala webhunga lezopolitiko.

Kodwa, ngo-1987 walishiya iqela le-liberal wajoyina i "Popular Alliance", apho ukuqeshwa kwakhe okokuqala kwaba njengenye yezo Abaphathi bokuqala Usodolophu onyuliweyo kwaye kuphela kwesithethi seqela likamasipala leqela elidumileyo laseSpain.

Athini amanyathelo akho alandelayo?

NgoFebruwari 14, 2016, uEsperanza Aguirre Ndithoba kwisikhundla sakho njengo Mongameli wengingqi weqela elidumileyo, eshiya uMnu. Francisco Granados ekuqeshweni.

Ngokufanayo, ngo-Epreli 24, 2017, warhoxa njengo- UCeba weBhunga lesiXeko saseMadrid emva kokuvalelwa kwesandla sakhe sasekunene, uMnu Ignacio González González.

Ngaba wakhe waba ngumongameli?

U-Esperanza Aguirre wayengomnye wabafazi ababalaseleyo kwezopolitiko ukuba bakhethwe ukwenza i umongameli weNdlu yeeNgwevu yoluntu oluzimeleyo lwaseMadrid kwaye ungomnye wamanenekazi wesibini ukuba baphumelele kobuongameli.

Kwakhona, ngo-2004 uKumkanikazi uElizabeth II ngokwakhe wase-United Kingdom, wamnika iwonga lokuba ngu umphathi wamanenekazi bobukumkani baseBritani baseSpain, obenguMongameli kwakhona nentloko yeli gunya.

Ngubani iqabane lakho?

U-Esperanza Aguirre wenza isivumelwano umtshato kunye noFernando Ramírez de Haro noPérez de Guzmán ngoSeptemba 1974. Kwaye ngenxa yesiqhamo somanyano lwabo, zimbini ezintle Oonyana obizwa ngokuba nguFernando Ramírez de Haro y Aguirre, owazalelwa eMadrid ngo-Agasti 28, 1976 watshata noCarolina de Oriol noMiranda.

Kwaye u-vlvaro Ramírez de Haro y Aguirre, naye wazalelwa eMadrid ngo-Epreli 4, 1980, ngubani ndatshata kunye no-Astrid Thams kunye noLabayen kwaye baba nonyana ngoku ongu-Esperanza.

Zeziphi iingxaki okhe wazifumana ukuzo?

Kwilizwe lezopolitiko, iingxaki azinakuqwalaselwa, ke kwimeko ka-Aguirre izihlandlo ezininzi wayekuso iso lwenkanyamba eneendaba ezahlukeneyo malunga yokulwa, ubuqhetseba kunye nokuphazamiseka ngaphakathi emsebenzini kwaye buqu.

Uqala ngolu hlobo ke uhambo lokulwa iingxaki kunye nezimvo ngaphandle komxholo.

Enye yemicimbi yokuqala yomlinganiswa ayifanelekanga yavela ngo-2004, xa uAguirre wayejamelene novoti kasodolophu waseMadrid, u-Manuel Cobo kwivoti yokuba ngumongameli we-Popular Party yaseMadrid.

Le voti ikhokelele kwimpumelelo engenakuthintelwa ku-Aguirre ngokuchasene neqela lakhe, nto leyo eyenze ukuba asabele ngokubanjwa kwamajoni amabini e-PP aze ke enze i ukulingwa ngokuchasene netyala "BONO". Nangona kunjalo, onke amatyala ayexolelwa njengoko babengenabo ubungqina obupheleleyo bokuqhubekeka kwetyala.

Ngexesha elithile kamva, ukubuza kuvela phambi komntu ngumlawuli kunye nomsasazi weendaba zeTelemadrid, ngubani ungquzulwano kumongameli ngendlela engaginyisi mathe kudliwanondlebe naye kwinkqubo yakhe, etyhola "ukugxuphuleka kwezopolitiko emsebenzini wakhe." Ngeli xesha uAguirre wabhengeza i-knight njengomntu owayephethe umntu wakhe ngeempikiswano zotshaba.

Le nto yenza umlawuli ndiyanikezela kwaye iinkqubo ezithile zikamabonakude ezivelise olu dliwanondlebe kufuneka zihlolwe, kuba ibingafanelekanga okanye ingalunganga kumfanekiso wakhe, nto leyo ivelise izikhalazo ezithile kuba ebezama ukusebenzisa izinto ngenyaniso yomntu ngamnye kwaba bapolitiki kwaye azicime ngonaphakade.

Wayebandakanyeka kuphando kunye nezityholo malunga nesiphithiphithi se u bukhosi Kutyholwa ukuba kwenziwa ngabasebenzi bezokhuseleko baseMadrid kumalungu orhulumente omnye, aba ibingusekela-sodolophu waseMadrid, uManuel Cobo nowayesakuba ngumongameli nowayesakuba nguceba weengingqi, u-Alfredo Prada.

Olu phando beluchotshelwe sisihloko esithi "ukuxhaphazwa kwemali yezopolitiko" kuba kukodwa, ukulandela umntu akuthethi ulwaphulo mthetho ". Nangona kunjalo, malunga neli tyala khange kubekho tyala kuba akukho mntu unokuqinisekisa ukuba ngaba iindlela zikarhulumente zisetyenziselwe ukwenza oku kulandelayo.

Kodwa, ngonyaka ka-2011, ityala lavulwa kwakhona ukusukela ngoku babegqalwa njengobungqina obaneleyo bokwazi ulwaphulo-mthetho olwenziweyo.

Njengokuba oko kwakungonelanga, ikwantywiliselwe kwi Ityala leGurtelEsi sisonyeliso esiquka iqela elithandwayo koomasipala baseMajada Honda, Arganda del Rey, Pozuelo de Alarcón naseBoadilla del Monte de Ser unetyala Ukunikezela amawaka eekhontrakthi kwizigidi zeerandi kuthungelwano lukaFrancisco Correa kunye neenkampani zakhe ukuze kutshintshwe iikhomishini zomthetho.

Kodwa, bayazibuza, ingaba iAguirre inantoni yakwenza nalapha? Ewe wayeyiyo umncedisi Ngu-Alberto López ovela kwibhunga lesixeko saseMadrid, inyani edibanisa ngqo neenkqubo zolwaphulo-mthetho.

Kwangolo hlobo lunye, utyholwa ngokwenza oko shishini dolophu phantsi kwegama lomgaqo-nkqubo, apho wathengisa khona umhlaba kunye nezindlu ngesicwangciso sokudlulisa iarhente yokuthengisa izindlu nomhlaba njengentsimi hayi njengeziko labucala losapho, ngaloo ndlela efumana izigidi zeerandi ezinxulumene neeakhawunti kunye nezibonelelo zakhe.

Okokugqibela, ngo-Agasti 2019 ijaji yenkundla kazwelonke yagqiba nge-2 kaSeptemba ukubekwa ityala kuka-Esperanza Aguirre, kwisishwankathelo esikhulu secala lePunic ngu ulwaphulo-mthetho ukuxhaswa ngemali ngokungekho mthethweni, ukuphambukiswa kwemali yoluntu, iimvumelwano ezingekho mthethweni zikawonke-wonke, izohlwayo ezingacinywanga kunye nobungqina obubhaliweyo, egxininisa ngokulandelelana kwakhe indima ebalulekileyo kunye neyona nto ibalulekileyo, ekucingelwa ukuba uAguirre wayenayo kwimali engekho mthethweni yemikhankaso yonyulo ye-PP. Oku akukabikho mzekelo, kodwa kulindeleke ukuba kancinci umthetho uyisombulule le ngxaki.

Ubhengeza nini ukushiya kwakho?

Ngo-2020 yena ubhengeza umhlala phantsi ukusuka kwinqanaba lezopolitiko. Wayebhengeze ukuba isidingo sakhe kukusondela kusapho lwakhe kwaye emva kokubhengezwa kokurhoxa kwakhe, ibhunga laseburhulumenteni lokuqala labanjwa ngaphandle kwengxaki ngulowo wangena ezihlangwini zakhe wethutyana, owamnika imbasa yoluntu lwaseMadrid.

Zithini iincwadi zakho?

Ithemba belisoloko lifuna ukuzoba Yonke into awayephila kwaye wayibona ngexesha lokuhlala kwakhe ngurhulumente, awayeyenza ngothotho lweencwadi zokubhalwa kwakhe ezichazwe apha ngezantsi.

Eyokuqala kwezi "yayingenazo izakhiwo, lilungelo elimanyeneyo nelinebhongo lembali yalo elinokubuya lilawule iSpain", isicatshulwa esijongana hlalutyo yemeko yangoku yezopolitiko kwilizwe laseBasque ukusuka kumava phantse iminyaka engama-40 yobomi bezopolitiko kwindawo ephambili yomntu.

Okulandelayo, kukho "andivaleli" apho avakalise khona eyakhe amava ezopolitiko kunye nokubonakaliswa kwiminyaka engama-30 ebaluleke kakhulu ebomini bakhe.

Emva koko wabhala "Prohibido Prohibir" kunye noPedro Schwartz, apho athabathe khona isikhalo semvukelo kubantu abancinci baseFrance abakhupha amatye abomvu kwikomkhulu lakudala lobumbano lwaseFrance ukuphakamisa nolawulo lwabo. Yima ngokuchasene norhulumente ongenabuntu.

Kwaye ekugqibeleni, iingoma zakhe ezimbini zokugqibela "iingcinga zenkululeko ekupheleni kwenkulungwane" kunye "neentetho zenkululeko" cinga kwakhona Ngabalinganiswa abanjengoReagan, Thatcher, Martin Luther King Burke okanye John Paul II.

Ngawaphi amabhaso owaphumeleleyo?

Ngexesha lokuhlala kwakhe yena uphumelele izihlandlo ezininzi ngomsebenzi wakhe nokuhlangula iphondo, ii-limes ziya kuboniswa kungekudala.

Ngomhla kaJanuwari 22, 1999 se ndinxiba "Umnqamlezo oMkhulu woMyalelo kaCarlos III" kwaye ngo-Epreli 23, 2004 i "Grand Cross yoMyalelo kaIsabel la Católica".

Ngokufanayo, kulo nyaka uphelileyo uphumelele "Umnqamlezo oMkhulu we-Order of Civil Merit kunye neka-Alfonso X Isilumko."

Kwakhona iindondo njenge "Imbasa enkulu yeGolide yoLuntu lwaseMadrid" kabini ngokulandelelana. Kumazwe aphesheya, wafumana "i-Lady Grand Cross ye-Order ye-Sun yase-Peru" nge-8 kaJuni ka-2004 kunye ne "Lady Commander of the Order of the Briteni of Britain" ngoFebruwari kwangalo nyaka.

Kwaye kwangaxeshanye, kunye nokunye ukwahlula, wafikelela isihloko of "Ugqirha Honoris Causa" yiAlfonso X El Sabio University ngo-Epreli 16, 2013.

Ungadibana njani noAguirre?

UAna Soria ungomnye wabalinganiswa abadumileyo kuluntu lwaseSpain lwango-2021, ekungayi kuba nzima ukumfumana. Kungenxa yokuba nomphakathi Ngokuncamathisela igama lakhe, uya kuyifumana iakhawunti yakhe esemthethweni kwimithombo yeendaba ezinje nge-Twitter, i-Facebook kunye ne-Instagram, apho anabalandeli abangaphezulu kwekhulu lamawaka abasasazwa licandelo ngalinye.

Ngokufanayo, Apha uza kufumana iifoto, iividiyo, iireels, kunye namabali malunga nenenekazi elidala, kunye neelebheli, kunye nohambo lwakhe lokujikeleza ilizwe, kunye nabazukulwana bakhe kunye nosapho. Ngokukwanjalo, uya kuba nakho ukubhala kunye nokulebula izinto ozifunayo, ukuba nje inembeko okanye ibhekisa emsebenzini wabo.