LANDELA
Iqonga liza kuba kumazantsi mpuma e-Wyoming, e-United States, kwindawo apho kuye kwafunyanwa intaphane yee-craters, zonke zenziwe malunga ne-280 yezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo. Kwinqaku lakutshanje elipapashwe kwi-'Geological Society of America Bulletin' (i-GSA Bulletin) iqela labaphandi baseJamani kunye nabaseMntla Melika, elikhokelwa nguThomas Kenkmann, ovela kwiYunivesithi yaseJamani yaseFreiburg, bacacise ukuba ezi crater, phakathi kwe-10 kunye ne-70 yeemitha ububanzi, iyakudaleka emva kwempembelelo ye meteorite ikhulu leemayile kude, ukuphehlelela inani elikhulu lamatye kwiindawo, ezibuye emva kokuwa emhlabeni kwi-cascade. Xa a
ilitye lendawo lingqubana neplanethi okanye inyanga, imathiriyeli ekhutshiweyo kumphezulu yenza icrater. Iibhloko ezinkulu zaloo mathiriyeli zinokwenza eyazo 'imingxuma' emhlabeni.
"Iindlela -uchaza u-KenKmann- ubonisa umthombo omnye kunye nendlela ama-craters ayenziwe ngayo ngeebhloko ezikhutshiweyo kwi-crater enkulu. Imingxuma yesibini ejikeleze imingxuma emikhulu iyaziwa kwezinye iiplanethi kunye nenyanga, kodwa ayizange ifumaneke emhlabeni. " Ngaphandle kokulibaziseka, iTshintsho yase China 4 mission yafunda ummandla okwicala elikude leNyanga apho le nto yabonwa malunga ne 'source craters' ezine: Finsen, Von Kármán L, Von Kármán L' kunye ne Antoniadi.
U-Kerkmann kunye neqela lakhe sele bechonge ii-secondary crater ezingama-31 e-Wyoming ezingashiyi ndawo mathandabuzo, kodwa baye bafumana ezinye ezingamashumi amathandathu abangekakwazi ukuzinxulumanisa ne-crater enkulu.
Ibali laqala ngo-2018, xa uKenkmann kunye noogxa bakhe baphanda uthotho lwemingxuma ejikeleze iDouglas, Wyoming. Ngelo xesha, sasicinga ukuba zonke zenziwe ngamaqhekeza ahlukeneyo esithuba seplani efanayo esaqhekezwe emoyeni. Kodwa kamva wafumanisa iqela lamaqela amaninzi eecrater ezikwiminyaka enye, ezithe saa kulo mmandla.
Ngokophononongo, amatye enza i-crater yesibini kufuneka abe phakathi kwe-4 kunye ne-8 yeemitha ububanzi, kwaye awele emhlabeni ngesantya esiphakathi kwe-2.520 kunye ne-3.600 km / h. Ukongezwa kweetrajectories zeempembelelo ngaphezulu kwemithombo yokubeka icebisa ukuba icrater yoqobo, engafunyanwanga inabela embindini wendlela ukuya kumda we-Wyoming-Nebraska kumntla weCheyenne.
Ngokweqela, loo crater mhlawumbi yayiphakathi kwama-50 kunye nama-65 eekhilomitha ububanzi, kwaye yenziwa yimpembelelo phakathi kwe-4 kunye ne-5,4 yeekhilomitha ububanzi. Ngokwabaphandi, icrater engundoqo mhlawumbi yangcwatywa kumgama oziikhilomitha ezimbalwa ukusuka kwintlenga eqokeleleneyo emva kwexesha lempembelelo. Isixa esilinganayo sentlenga, nangona kunjalo, siya kukhukulisa kwaye siveze icrater yesibini xa, emva kwexesha elide, iSierra Rocosa iphakanyisiwe.
Nangona kunjalo, uKenkmann ukholelwa ukuba le crater ingundoqo inokufunyanwa ngokufunda umhlaba wemagnethi kunye nomxhuzulane wengingqi xa kukho izinto ezingaqhelekanga ezibonisa ubukho bayo.
