Ilizwe laseSpeyin liyatsha. Ukususela ngo-Okthobha odlulileyo 1 - xa unyaka we-hydrological waqala - kude kube izolo kune imvula yesithathu ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo kwiSpeyin esele yomile. Izazi ngemozulu aziyiboni imvula kwixesha eliphakathi. Kukho ibhloko ye-anticyclonic engabonakali ngathi iya kutshintsha, kwaye le meko iye yasimangalisa ngokunqabileyo nayiphi na indawo yokugcina amanzi. Amadama akwi-44.7 pesenti yomthamo wawo, ngaphantsi kakhulu koko ebenokuba kuko ngeli xesha, xa edla ngokufikelela kuma-60 ekhulwini. Ngenxa yoko, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kulo nyaka isiqingatha samandla ombane sele sivelisiwe kunexesha elifanayo lonyaka.
yangaphambili
Abokuqala ukuvakalisa isilumkiso ibe ngabantu basemaphandleni: abalimi, ababona izityalo zabo zisengozini, nabafuyi, ingakumbi abo babanzi, abangenakutya kwihlathi elomileyo. Icandelo lokutya kwezolimo libe negalelo le-2020% ye-GDP ngowama-9,7. Kodwa ukunqongophala kwamanzi, ukuba kuyaqhubeka, kuya kuchaphazela namanye amacandelo emveliso ayimfuneko, afana nokhenketho, ulwakhiwo, ishishini kunye nemveliso yombane. Amanzi akwisiseko senkqubo yemveliso kwaye ukunqongophala kwawo kunokubeka ukuchacha koqoqosho emva kobhubhane emngciphekweni.
Indawo yokugcina amanzi e-El Buerguillo, emfanekisweni, ibekwe kufuphi needolophu zase-El Tiemblo kunye ne-Cebreros-Jaime García.
Ukomisa kuyinto eqhelekileyo eSpain, kodwa ngeli xesha ilizwe lixinene kakhulu ngenxa ye-Covid, imeko yezoqoqosho kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso ngequbuliso. Oku kuqhawuka kwamanzi kwabangela ukuba kubekho ukruthakruthwano lwezobupolitika kwaza kwakhokelela kungquzulwano phakathi kwemimandla.
amadama
Ukujongana nembalela yomjikelo, iSpain iye yakha amadama kunye namadama agcina amanzi ngamaxesha emvula ukuze asetyenziswe kamva ngamaxesha okunqongophala. AmaRoma sele ebhenele kobu buchule xa ngenkulungwane yoku-1.200 BC akha iproserpina yokugcina amanzi eBadajoz, eyona indala eSpain. Ngoku kukho amadama namadama angaphezu kwe-650. Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha-malunga nama-40-zakhiwa ngexesha likaFranco, kodwa kwiminyaka engama-300 yolawulo lwedemokhrasi kuye kwamiselwa phantse ama-85. Yaye kusakhiwa amatsha, njengaleyo iseMularroya (eZaragoza) okanye eseSan Pedro. Manrique (Soria) ), nangona uRhulumente kaPedro Sánchez uye wacinezela amachibi angama-27-eyayiqikelelwe ngaphambili-kwizicwangciso ezintsha ze-hydrological, eziza kuxoxwa ngehlobo elizayo. Kukwakho neemeko ezingaqondakaliyo, njengedama laseVillagatón (eLeón), elakhiwe kangangeminyaka engama-XNUMX nelingekasetyenziswa. Phofu ayikabi nanto.
Ukunqongophala kwemvula kuchaphazela uninzi lwe-Iberia Peninsula. Kuphela iNavarra, iLizwe laseBasque, iCantabria, iAragón, iLa Rioja kunye ne-Asturias zigcinwa. Eyona nto imbi kakhulu yiMurcia, Andalusia, Extremadura kunye neCastilla-La Mancha. Kwakhona eCatalonia imbalela iyaqala ukuba nexhala. Kukho oomasipala abangama-22 baseCatalan abaye babandezeleka kwizithintelo ukususela ngo-Okthobha odlulileyo kwaye banomkhuba wokwandisa imveliso yezityalo ze-desalination ukusuka kwi-20 ukuya kwi-85 yeepesenti ukumisa ukwehla koovimba. Ekubeni ziveliswe ukuqokelela iirekhodi, kwi-1914, akuzange kubekho unyaka owomileyo e-Barcelona ngo-2021, kwaye ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ngo-2022 umkhwa awukatshintshi. Kodwa eyona meko yothusayo ihlala iphakathi. Kwabanye oomasipala be-Extremaduran kukho izithintelo zamanzi kwaye akuvumelekanga ukuhlamba iimoto, ukujonga iigadi okanye izitrato ezigungxulwayo.
Imililo yamahlathi ibhalisiwe kwiindawo ezininzi zepeninsula, ezichaphazela ukomisa okukhulu komhlaba, kwaye iCastilla y León ikuthintele ukutshiswa kweendiza kule mihla.
“Inxalenye enkulu yesivuno sokutya okuziinkozo iza kutshabalala. Neenkomo azinakutya kuba intaba yomile. Sikhathazeke kakhulu ngokusebenza kwazo zombini iifama zolimo kunye nemfuyo”, ulumkisa uJuan Pedro Miravete, umlimi waseAlmería.
UJuan Pedro Miravete, umfama waseAlmeria ulumkisa ngelithi: “Inxalenye enkulu yesivuno sesiriyeli siza kulahleka. “Kwaye iinkomo azikwazi kuzondla ngenxa yokuba intaba yomile ngokoqobo,” wongezelela ngelithi. “Sixhalabile kakhulu ngokusebenza kweefama zezolimo nemfuyo. Sele kuqengqeleke iiveki ezininzi ngoku kungekho nethontsi lamanzi liwileyo,” utsho uAndrés Góngora, unobhala woMnxibelelanisi wamaFama kunye neeRanchers zaseAlmería. Le nkxalabo ifanayo idlulela kwi-Extremadura, ngokutsho kukaNatalia García-Camacho, umongameli woMbutho woBuchule bamaFama kunye neeRanchers zikaDon Benito kunye neComarca, wazisa i-ABC. “Icandelo lichukumiseke kakhulu. Kwanangaphambi kobhubhane, saqhanqalaza kuba singafumani maxabiso afanelekileyo eemveliso zethu. Sifuna iimveliso zethu zihlawule iindleko zethu kwaye sikwazi ukuphila ngomsebenzi wethu. " Kodwa, ukususela ngoko, imeko iye yaba nzima kakhulu: "Ixabiso lezichumisi, iimveliso ze-phytosanitary, ukutya kwezilwanyana, idizili, izinyithi zezixhobo ziye zaphakama ... Kwaye, ngoku, yongezwa kuyo yonke le nto ukungaqiniseki ngenxa yesomiso", yena. wacacisa. Kuzo zonke ezi zizathu, "ngokukhawuleza ukuba iThebhile yeMbalela ihlanganiswe ukwenzela ukuba imithetho ekhethekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwemithombo yamanzi yokunkcenkceshela kunye nokunkcenkceshela ikhona."
Uqikelelo ngaphandle kotshintshiselwano
Nangona izazi ngemozulu zilumke kakhulu kuqikelelo lwexesha elide, azilindelanga ukuba imeko itshintshe. UJosé Miguel Viñas, isazi ngemozulu kwiMeteored uthi: “Izinto ezilindelekileyo azilungile. "Ukwenza uqikelelo lwexesha elide, iiveki okanye iinyanga, sinezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunezo ziqikelelo eziqhelekileyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezizayo," utshilo. "Kwixesha elide, iimodeli kunye neenkcukacha zamanani zisetyenziselwa ukuqikelela indlela yokuziphatha. Kwaye yintoni imizekelo yeendlela ezisitshela yona kukuba le ndlela yemozulu efanayo, kunye nokulawula okucacileyo koxinzelelo oluphezulu, kuya kuhlala kuFebruwari. Ukuquka, uqikelelo lwamaxesha onyaka luphawula isiqalo esifanayo sentwasahlobo”.
Oko akuthethi ukuba akusayi kuze kune nanini na, kuba ngokutsho kweViñas, “olu hlobo luphawula ukuqheleka okuthile kummandla weMeditera nakwisiqingatha esisempuma sikasingasiqithi. Kodwa ayiloxesha lemvula kakhulu apho. Into ebonakala icacile yeyokuba nokuba kukho isiqendwana semvula, uguquko ebesilubona ukususela ekuqaleni konyaka awusayi kuqhawuka.
“Undoqo ziimvula zasentlakohlaza”
Uxanduva lokungabikho kwemvula yi-Azores anticyclone. "I-anticyclone elawula kuphela kwindawo entsha, i-Azores, ngamanye amaxesha iyomeleza, njengoko kwenzekayo ngoku, kwaye ihlala ingashukumi kwindawo eneziko elinokuthi lihambe phakathi kwentla ye-peninsula, iFransi, i-British Isles okanye i-netherlands. . Ngelixa lilapho, zonke izaqhwithi ezenza iAtlantiki ziya emantla (eScandinavia) okanye emazantsi (kwiZiqithi zaseCanary)”. Isihluthulelo semvula yasentwasahlobo, uyachaza, "kuba ngo-Matshi kwaye, ngaphezu kwayo yonke into, ngo-Aprili noMeyi, kuya kufuneka kubekho imvula, kodwa kuya kufuneka ukuba sibone ukuba i-bloco inika indlela okanye ukuba sinomile. intwasahlobo."
