P2P inorevei?
P2P zvinoreva Peer to Peer, kureva kubva kuenzana kuenda kuenzana. Imhando yekubatanidza inogadza network yekutaurirana pakati pezvishandiso zvakasiyana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vashandisi verudzi urwu rwechimiro vanogona kugovera ruzivo uye mafaera nenzira yebidirectional pasina kuve nechero rudzi rwemurevereri pakati pavo.
Izvi ndizvo zvese zvinyorwa zveP2P:
Mavambo uye shanduko yeP2P yekubatanidza
Mabviro ekubatana kweP2P kwakatangira ku80s, apo makomputa akatanga kushandiswa kune mamwe mashandisiro ega ega pane kuve akabatanidzwa kune mamwe maturusi.
Kare, makomputa aienderana nechikamu chepakati, icho chine zvese zvinodiwa pakushanda kwekombuta, kuitira kuti komputa imwe neimwe yaifanira kubatana kune iyi unit kuti ishande.
Kuonekwa kwe sneakernet
Izvozvi, kuburikidza nekufambira mberi kwaireva kuti zvikwata zvakazviwana zvichiwedzera kuzvimiririra uye kuzvimiririra apo pfungwa yekutanga ine chekuita neP2P yekubatanidza yakatanga: sneakernet.
Iyo sneakernet ichave izwi rinoshandiswa kuratidza kuendeswa kweyemagetsi ruzivo svikiro kuti ishandise yakazvimirira nzira yemuviri kumakombuta, senge compact disc kana floppy disks. Yakanga iri dzidziso yakapusa kukwanisa kuendesa ruzivo kubva kune imwe komputa kuenda kune imwe.
First networking groups
Gare gare, yatove muma90s, Windows neMicrosoft zvakatanga kugadzira tsigiro yekugonesa network workgroups. Muchiitiko ichi, kuendesa faira kunogona kuitwa nekushandisa sevha.
Ichi ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekusimuka kweP2P network: kubviswa kwevanopindirana kuitira kuti makomputa akawanda akwanise kuenzanisa data nekukurumidza uye pasina intermediary protocol.
P2P tsvuku inoshanda sei?
P2P network inoshanda seinotevera:
- Vashandisi ma node
- Makomputa vatengi uye maseva panguva imwe chete
Vaviri ava vatori vechikamu muP2P network vanobvumira chero kufambisa kwefaira kuve kwakanyanya agile pakati pevashandisi ivavo kana node dziri panetiweki imwechete. Kutsvaga mafaera kunokurumidza uye anogona kuoneka ipapo ipapo.
Iyo mukana wekusava nevamiriri inoita kuti zvikwanise kukwidziridza bandwidth yevashandisi vese vanobatanidzwa, nekudaro kudzivirira kunonoka kweseva.
Mhando dzeP2P Networks
Iko kune chaizvo akajairika P2P network, ayo anosiyana kubva kune mumwe nemumwe zvichienderana nehuwandu hwepakati peiyo yakafanana.
Centralized P2P network
Zvikamu zvaro zvinogovana zvirimo nekuisa indexing server. Iyo sevha inoita senge chinongedzo pakati peaya ma node ari chikamu chetiweki, iyi iri iyo nzvimbo inochengeterwa kero dzeiyo node dzinochengeta izvo zvakagovaniswa.
Izvo zvisingabatsiri mukushandiswa kwemhando iyi yetiweki ndeyokuti kusazivikanwa kwevashandisi kuchave kwakaoma, pamwe chete nekukundikana kunobva ku centralization.
Decentralized P2P network
Iyi mhando yetiweki haina sevha, asi pane imwe neimwe yemanodhi inobatanidzwa inoita sevha yayo uye inozadzisa basa rimwe chete. Zvizhinji zvezvirongwa zvinoshandisa rudzi urwu rwetiweki ndezvekuti zvakanyanya kusimba.
Nekudaro, kushandiswa kwebandwidth kwakawedzera zvakanyanya, izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukuremedza.
Hybrid P2P network
Iyi mhando yetiweki inoratidzirwa nekuve decentralized asi yakarongeka. Ivo vanoita kuburikidza nesevhisi yepakati inobata iyo Broadband pamwe nezviri mukati uye zvikumbiro zvekuwana ruzivo rwakachengetwa. Iyo node inokwanisa kuwana iyo yakabatiswa zvinhu, pasina kuchengetedza ruzivo rwakabatana nevashandisi.
Manodhi ane basa rekuchengetedza ruzivo. Ndiyo mhando yetiweki inonyanya kushandiswa neiyo torrent download system.
Hunhu hunhu hweP2P network
- Kusimba: kana paine hunhu hwakakosha, ndiko kusimba kweP2P network sekudaro, nekusaenderana nevanopindirana, inovabvumira kuti vawedzere kusimba kana kukanganisa kukaitika panguva yekutsinhana kwedata kunzvimbo dzakasiyana.
- Decentralization: mazhinji eaya ma network anoita nenzira yakasarudzika, kureva, pasina kutsamira pane chero server. Manodhi ese anozadzisa basa rakafanana, iro revhavha, uye nekudaro hapana kana imwe yadzo inoonekwa seyakakosha kumisa mafaera ekuchinjana maitiro, kuderedza kutadza kunokwanisa.
- Scalability: P2P network yakapararira, inosvika miriyoni vashandisi yakagoverwa pasirese. Kubudirira kwemanetiweki aya, chaizvo, kuri muchokwadi chekuti iyo yakakura nhamba yemanodhi akabatana kunetiweki, iyo inokurumidza uye inoshanda zvakanyanya iyo P2P network ichashanda. Zvakawanda zvekuti kushandiswa kwayo kwakapararira kune vese vashandisi vega uye makambani.
- Kusazivikanwa: chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosheswa nevashandisi ndechekuti, mune mazhinji emanetiweki aya, kusazivikanwa kweavo vanobatanidzwa mukuchengetedza uye kutamisa mafaera.
- Chengetedzo: kunyangwe chiri chinangwa chichiri kuvandudza, P2P network iri kuramba ichiwedzera kushanda kana zvasvika pakutsvaga node dzinogona kunge dzine mafaera akashata uye angave ari bviro yehutachiona.
- Kugovana mutengo pakati pevashandisi: zviwanikwa zverudzi urwu rwetiweki zvinogona kugoverwa pakati pevashandisi vanotora chikamu mazviri. Inosanganisira mafaera, bandwidth, maitiro kana kuchengetedza zvinhu
P2P inoshandisa network
Tichifunga kuti zano rekuti P2P network anonyanya kushandiswa senzira yekubvumidza zvirimo kudhawunirodha yapararira, ine kumwe kushandiswa:
- Kugoverwa kweSoftware: mamwe masisitimu anoshanda, akadai seLinux, anoshandisa iyi mhando yetiweki kugovera nekuti mafaera makuru achawedzerwa. Nekudaro, kune mamwe akawanda masisitimu anoshandisa iyi mhando yetiweki, mazhinji acho emahara software
- Makambani makuru: iyo yakakurumbira yekutaurirana software Skype inoshandisa iyi mhando yemanetiweki kugadzirisa uye kugonesa mafoni pakati pevashandisi. Mamwe makambani akadai seNetflix kana Spotify anogona kushandisa P2P network kuvandudza kutenderera kwezviri mukati mavo
Uri kushandisa tsvuku P2P?
Kushandiswa kweP2P network hakusunungurwe kubva mukukakavadzana sezvo kakawanda kunonzi kusatenderwa kwemutemo kwakabvunzwa.Chokwadi ndechekuti kushanda kwerudzi urwu rwetiweki, sekudaro, hakusi kungogovana mafaera, kutumira data pakati pevashandisi veinternet vakasiyana.
Iko kushandiswa kunopiwa kune network inogona kuve dambudziko, ndeyekuti panguva dzese kushandiswa kwavo kunobvumira kugovera kwemukati kuri pasi pekodzero.
Nekune rimwe divi, zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa kuti kunyangwe paine chokwadi chekuti akawanda uye akawanda ekuchengetedza maprotocol ari kuitwa kudzivirira kugovana zvakashata zvemukati, chokwadi ndechekuti vashandisi vachiri kuratidzirwa kurudzi urwu rwekurwisa.
Kutarisana nerudzi urwu rwenjodzi, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa zvishandiso zvaro zvinoongorora zvirimo mumafaira usati warodha. Kushandiswa kweVPN network kunokurudzirwa zvakare, iyo ine basa rekuvanza IP yemushandisi, kuchengetedza kusazivikanwa kwavo nguva dzese.
Mhedziso
P2P network yakavandudza zvakanyanya nzira yekugovera mafaera echero saizi uye fomati, sezvo mukuwedzera kune kukurumidza uye nekuita zvakanyanya, ivo havaratidze chero kukundikana. Munguva iyo ruzivo rwakawanda uye rwakawanda rwuri kuenzaniswa, kugona kudhawunirodha mavhoriyamu makuru munguva pfupi pfupi ndiyo kiyi yekubudirira.
Kana paine kushandiswa kwakanaka kwese zvinonyanya kunakidza zvakanakira kune ese ari maviri makambani nevashandisi, ivo vangangoramba vari chikamu chekufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi hutsva.
