TORA
Haisi nzira yemaruva, kunyange kana vachifunga kudaro. Tiri kutaura nezvevadiki vekuSpain, vanorota kuve vagadziri vezvemukati kana 'vanokurudzira'. Kureva kuti, vanoteedza chiroto icho vashoma vanokwanisa kupfekedza muviri nekuti vanowana idyllic yepamhepo nyika isiri iyo yazvinotaridzika.
Zvinoenderana nedata rekutsvagisa 'Pedza, gadzira, tamba. Mhedziso yekuzorora kwedhijitari yevechidiki', yakaitwa naReina Sofía Center pamusoro peKuyaruka uye Vechidiki yeFAD Youth Foundation pakati pe1.200 vanhu vari pakati pemakore gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe, 15 mu29 vechidiki inoratidza kuti vari kuzvipira mukusikwa kwe zvemukati zveunyanzvi uye angangoita 1 muvatatu angada kuve 'pesvedzero', zvikamu zvakakwira zvakanyanya pakati pemapoka emakore gumi nemashanu kusvika gumi nemapfumbamwe.
Sober vechidiki vese vanoshingairira kutevera vanhu vanogadzira zvemukati online, kunyanya kuburikidza ne Instagram (86,7%). Kwavari, kugadzirwa kwedhijitari chiitiko chemazuva ese: 8 kubva pagumi gadzira zvirimo online. Wese munhu ane maonero akanaka ehunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvirimo, achisimbisa kuti inzira yakanaka yekugadzira zvirimo zvakazvipira kune zvinokonzeresa magariro kana kuzivisa (10%), kuti ine ramangwana rakanaka (60,7%) inobvumira hunyanzvi kuburitswa. nerusununguko rwakawanda kudarika munhau dzechinyakare (59,7%). Panewo chikamu chikuru chevechidiki vanoona kuti ibasa rinokosheswa nevanhu (56,2%) uye rinonetsa kugara naro (50,3%).
Sekureva kwemushumo, vechidiki vanofunga kuti kuzvipira mukugadzira zvemukati "kwakaomarara nekuda kwemakwikwi makuru echikamu." Kunyange zvakadaro, 7.8% vakaedza kurarama kubva mairi mugore rapfuura uye vakakanda mapfumo pasi. "Kutaura zvazviri -inoratidza chidzidzo-, pakati pa2020 na2021 vechidiki vakazviedza uye vakazvisiya vanga vachinetsekana, kubva pa1,8% kusvika 7,8% mugore rimwe chete". Kune nyanzvi, nhamba idzi dzinopa ruzivo nezve »kushushikana uye kumanikidzwa uko avo vanotadza kubudirira vanoiswa pasi, kupofumadzwa chete nezvavanodya, vasingazive, kusvika pamwero mukuru, kukwikwidza kwechikamu uye kuomerwa kwekuwana zvimwe. iyo inovimbisa kubudirira kwehupfumi kwekuzvipira". Usakanganwe kuti vagadziri vemukati vanodyara nguva yakawanda nesimba: hazvisi izvo zvaunoona pachiratidziri.
Kuna Eurídice Cabañes, Muzivi weTekinoroji kuArs Mitambo, akapinda kuratidzwa kwechinyorwa ichi China, vechidiki vanofanirwa kujeka nezvechimwe chinhu: "Chidzidzo ichi chinotaura nezve dhijitari yekuzorora. Asi kana tichitaura pamusoro pevechiri kuyaruka vanoda kuzvipira pakugadzira zvinyorwa, hatisisiri kutaura nezvekuzorora, tiri kutaura nezvebasa. Kupa zvemukati ibasa. Chinokosha ndechekuti: Unoda kubhadharwa pabasa iroro here?«.
Chirevo chinoratidza kuti "iwindo diki remukana uye rinotsamira pane zvakawanda zvekunze zvinhu zvekuti zvinogona kutungamira mukuvhiringidzika pakati peruzhinji rweavo vanoedza asi vasingabudirire."
Mitambo yemavhidhiyo uye kusiyana kwevarume
Kushandisa zvirimo kubva ku "vafurira" handicho chete chinhu chinoumba dhijitari yevadiki vekuSpain, vanopedza maawa manomwe pazuva vachidya, kugadzira uye kutamba, kungave kuteerera podcast, kutarisa akateedzana nemamuvhi paanoda kana kutamba mitambo yemavhidhiyo online. . Rarama wakanyudzwa mune yakawanda uye yakasiyana tekinoroji ecosystem inopa akasiyana uye akasiyana sarudzo.
Mitambo yemavhidhiyo yakazvisimbisa sechikamu chakakosha chevaraidzo yevechidiki. Vanosvika 9 kubva mugumi vechidiki vatambi (10%) uye 86,8% vanotamba zuva nezuva. Pamusoro pezvo, ruzhinji (37,4%) runodya imwe mhando ye "yemitambo" zvemukati (wongororo, mitambo yemitambo, kutenderera, nezvimwewo).
Zvakadaro, chirevo chinoratidza kuti mitambo yemavhidhiyo inoita seiri chikamu chevarume: pakati pevarume vechidiki, 95,4% inotamba mitambo yemavhidhiyo, nepo pakati pevakadzi, iyo muzana i78,4%.
Kazhinji, kune maonero akanaka emitambo yemavhidhiyo pakati pevechidiki, asi kubvumirana hakusi kwese uye kune maonero asina kunaka pakati pevasikana uye maonero akanaka pakati pevakomana: zvepabonde mumitambo yemavhidhiyo uye hunhu hwepfungwa hunoparadzira. . Muchokwadi, 47,9% yavo inofunga kuti mitambo yakagadzirirwa vakomana uye 54,1% kuti vane zvebonde.
Kune rimwe divi, maonero akanaka ekukosha kwedzidzo yemitambo yemavhidhiyo anobuda pachena: 52% vanoti kutamba kunobatsira kukudziridza hunyanzvi hwemunhu nehunyanzvi uye kudzidza zvinhu. Muchokwadi, 41,3% vanofunga kuti mitambo yemavhidhiyo yave chishandiso chekudzidza mukirasi.
Sezvinhu zvisina kunaka, muenzaniso wekutaurirana unonyanya kutsoropodzwa: 47,9% yevechidiki vanoramba microtransactions mukati memitambo, zvinoreva kuti 44,8% vanofunga kuti mitambo inogona kuunza kupindwa muropa.
Kusvika
Iyi ecosystem yevaraidzo yevechidiki inogoneka nekuda kwekuwanikwa kwenzira dzayo. Ehe, vanopfuura makumi manomwe muzana evadiki vane makore ari pakati pe70 ne15 vane kanenge mana akasiyana midziyo yavanopinda nayo muvaraidzo yedhijitari: smartphone, laptop, smart TV, game console, tablet, nezvimwe. Uye ruzhinji (29%) vanozvishandisa kuita zvekutandara mazuva ese.
Mune mamwe mazwi, vechidiki vakabatanidza tekinoroji muhupenyu hwavo hwezuva nezuva kwete chete kutaurirana kana kuwana ruzivo - iyo yakanyanya kupararira kushandiswa-, asiwo kunakidzwa, vese vari voga uye muboka.
Mitambo yenguva dzose yekutandara yavanoita ine chekuita nemimhanzi; audiovisual zvemukati (mavhidhiyo, mafirimu, akatevedzana, nezvimwewo); uye masocial network, kunyanya Instagram (19-29 makore) uye TikTok (15-18 makore).
Asi kunze kwenguva, vanoisawo mari. Kunyanya kubva pavana vechidiki vane kunyoresa kune imwe mhando yeyakabhadharwa audiovisual content, saka hafu inoenzanisa kunyoreswa nevamwe vanhu (54%). 23,8% vane kunyoreswa kwakabhadharwa kune zvirimo kubva kuvagadziri, 21,7% vanobhadhara kunyoreswa kwemitambo yemavhidhiyo yepamhepo uye 17,8% kunyorera kumapuratifomu emitambo yemavhidhiyo akabhadharwa.
Njodzi dzemafaro edhijitari
Muchidimbu, chirevo chinotaura nezve njodzi yevaraidzo yevechidiki yedhijitari. Yokutanga ndeyekusaenzana, sezvo pakati pevechidiki vane zvigaro zvisingafadzi zvehupfumi hwemagariro kune vechidiki vashoma vanofarira varaidzo yedhijitari zuva nezuva: 62,3% kana ichienzaniswa ne89%.
Asi chinonyanya kunetsa kushaikwa kweruzivo rwekushandisa pakunyorera kune zvakabhadharwa zvemukati, mipiro uye mamicrotransaction akaonekwa pakati pemapoka evechidiki anotambura. Kubva pamaonero epfungwa, vanonongedza zvimwe zviitiko zvekudheerera, kushungurudzwa uye kutyorwa kwekuvanzika, zvese mune zvekugadzira zvemukati maitiro uye mumitambo yemavhidhiyo yepamhepo. Zviitiko zvisina kunaka zvinowanzoitika pakati pevasikana, vangangovanza kuzivikanwa kwavo pamhepo, uye kunyange vakomana vanotonyanya kutukwa vachitamba online.
Chimwe chinhu chokufunga nezvacho kunyanyoshandisa, kana kuti kumanikidzira, uko vamwe vechiduku vanonongedzera mumhinduro dzavo uye zvikurukuru pakati paavo vanoperevedza zvikuru zvokunyama.
Nezve zviri mukati, vechidiki vanonongedza kunyanyisa kuita bonde kwezvinotaurwa senjodzi huru dzeiyi nhandaro yedhijitari: mumwe muvatatu anofunga kuti ane bonde zvakanyanya uye mumwe muvashanu akarodha (kana akafunga) zvinonyadzisira kana zvebonde kune network kuti uwane vateveri kana mabhenefiti ehupfumi. Muitiro uyu unozivikanwa zvikuru pakati pevechiduku vane kushaya zvinhu zvakawanda.
Kunze kwezvo, vanoratidza kumwe kurasikirwa kweukama hwepedyo. Vakadzi vanonzwa vakasununguka pamhepo uye vanowanzo dzivirira kuzviisa pasi pezvinhu zvepamhepo kudzivirira zvakavanzika zvavo kana kubva mukushungurudzwa. Ndivo vakavharisa vanhu zvakanyanya nekuda kwekushungurudzwa.
