Mavuto ndi zidziwitso, ndi malo omwe katundu ali, "supervening" insolvencies... Kupereka chigamulo chomwe chigamulo chake ndi udindo wolipira chimakhala nthawi zambiri chinthu chosatheka. Mochuluka kotero kuti kafukufuku wa Sigma Awiri kwa General Council of Attorneys adatsimikiza kuti chiganizo chimodzi chokha mwa zinayi chimaperekedwa panthawi yake komanso moyenera. Enawo atatu amazichita mochedwa kapena osachita, ndi zomwe zikutanthauza kwa iwo omwe amakhulupirira kuti apeza chilungamo ndikukumana ndi ulamuliro wadongosolo lochedwa kwambiri komanso losagwira ntchito.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti kuperekedwa kwa ziganizo kumadutsa gawo lililonse kuti likhale ndi zotsatira
odzaza ndi chuma, chifukwa chifukwa cha kumenyedwa uku - pamene sizingatheke - ulendo wachipembedzo wopita kusonkhanitsa, pafupifupi ma euro biliyoni (10.742.892.000) ndi olumala. Pakuphedwa kwa 25 peresenti ya milanduyo, ma euro 3.657 miliyoni okha ndi omwe adapezedwa.
Zokhudza zachuma pakuchedwa - ABC
Ziwerengero zomwe zimathandizira kafukufukuyu, pomwe pafupifupi ma euro 10.000 pa chigamulo chomwe chikuyembekezeka chawerengedwa, zimatsogolera otsutsa kuti apemphe kuti anzawo aku Europe agwirizane, kuti aloledwe kukhala ndi gawo lotsogola pagawo lachigamulo. . Ku Spain, Khotilo limatenga nawo mbali pa njirayi (komwe ndikofunikira kupempha kuti kupha, chidwi, chiwongola dzanja), yemwe ndi woweruza wa makonzedwe a chilungamo, amene akupereka lamulo kugwirizana pa miyeso yomwe yapemphedwa. Tanthauzo la ziwerengero zonse zalamulo izi komanso kuti loya akuyenera kupempha chilichonse mwa njirazi zimapangitsa kuti njira yopha anthu ikhale yolepheretsa, imachedwa ndipo nthawi yophedwa imawirikiza kawiri kapena katatu. Mwachitsanzo, Spain idayamba 2019 ndi zilango 1.915.742 zomwe zikudikirira kuphedwa ndipo chaka chonsecho ena 484.329 adawonjezedwa, malinga ndi zomwe bungwe la General Council of Judiciary linanena. Paziganizo zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa kuti zitsatidwe, 60 peresenti ndi zigamulo za kuphedwa kwa ndalama, zomwe Civil Code imatchula iwo omwe akuganiza za malipiro.
Oyimira milandu - oimira kasitomala pamaso pa makhothi - amakhulupirira kuti kulowerera kwawo mwachindunji pakukakamiza kumathandizira kufulumizitsa njirazo. Osati pachabe amaimira zofuna za munthu payekha. Palibe amene ali ndi chidwi choposa kasitomala wake chifukwa malipiro omwe amafunidwa ndi chilango chopepuka amachitidwa komanso kuti amapita kutali kuti adziwe njira yobisalira ndalama kapena zidule zina pofuna kupewa kutsatiridwa ndi chigamulocho.
Maloya omwe amapeza kuti makasitomala awo ndi olakwa amazolowera kuwona zovuta zapamtima kuti apereke chigamulocho bwino pazinthu zomwe zimawoneka ngati zazing'ono ngati kusintha maadiresi - koma zomwe zimabwezeretsa kuphedwako poyambira - kapena kwa labyrinth yomwe imayang'anira malowo. za katundu wa mdani.
M'mphepete mwa Europe
Chowonadi ndi chakuti pazifukwa zina, Spain ili pansi pa Ulaya ponena za kuphedwa kwa chigamulo, monga momwe deta ya Sigma Dos ikuwonetsera, yomwe yaphunzira khalidwe la mayiko khumi a ku Ulaya omwe ali ndi ziwerengero zofanana ndi za loya waku Spain. Izi ndi Luxembourg, Netherlands, France, Belgium, Scotland, Greece, Lithuania, Hungary, Estonia, Portugal. Mwazonse, loya ali ndi ntchito zazikulu kuti agwirizane ndi chigamulocho, chomwe chimaphatikizapo kuchitapo kanthu monga chidziwitso kwa omwe ali ndi ngongole, kuwunika ndi kusankha njira zomwe zikuyenera kutsatiridwa kuti zitsimikizire kusonkhanitsa ngongole kapena kusonkhanitsa zinthu monga ma embargoes kapena ma auctions. .
Ku Spain, nthawi yoperekera chigamulo, kutanthauza kuti, nthawi yomwe imadutsa kuchokera pamene idaperekedwa mpaka kukwaniritsidwa, imakhala pakati pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndi chaka chimodzi. Ndi Greece yokha yomwe ili kumbuyo kwathu, ndi njira yomwe ingatenge miyezi 15. Muzochitika zina zonse, nthawi imakhala yochepa. Ku Hungary, mwachitsanzo, nthawi yolipira kwambiri ndi masiku 8. N'chimodzimodzinso ku Estonia ndi Lithuania. Ku Scotland, France ndi Luxembourg kuphedwa kumakhala pakati pa miyezi iwiri ndi isanu ndi umodzi, zomwe zili choncho m'maiko omaliza a mayikowa.
Kuthekera kwakukulu kapena kocheperako popereka ziganizo kumadalira kwambiri njira za digito zomwe zilipo kuti kutsata kumafika pamapeto opambana mu nthawi yaifupi kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunika kudziwa kuti mayiko anayi oyambirira omwe ali ndi nthawi yochepa kwambiri (ie, Hungary, Estonia, Lithuania ndi Belgium) ndi omwe ali ndi kukhazikitsa kwakukulu kwa telematic ndi digito.
Spain imatayanso mu kusanja uku chifukwa pamene m'dziko lathu wozenga mlandu angathe kupeza zolemba (deta pa amene anaphedwa, katundu wamangawa ...), anzawo European akhoza kulankhula ndi mabanki, kuwadziwitsa kulanda katundu (Belgium, the Netherlands, Hungary kapena Estonia) kapenanso kuchita malonda amagetsi (Netherlands, Hungary, Lithuania, Estonia kapena Portugal, dziko lomwe oweruza ake ali ndi chida chomwe chimawalola kuti azitha kutsata njira zonse zokakamira).
Estonia ndi Belgium, ali patsogolo
Zotsatira zilipo. Potengera kuchita bwino kapena kuchita bwino popereka chigamulochi, Estonia ndi Belgium ndi mayiko omwe apeza zotsatira zabwino kwambiri popereka chigamulocho, ndipo atha kupereka zigamulo zokwana 85 peresenti; otsatirawa, okhala ndi ziwerengero pafupifupi 60 peresenti, ali ndi France, Netherlands, Luxembourg ndi Lithuania. Pambuyo pa Hungary, ndi 35 peresenti, ndipo Spain ndi 25 peresenti. Greece imatseka masanjidwewo, ndi 10 peresenti ya ziganizo zomwe aphedwa.
Phunziroli lomwe linaperekedwa sabata ino kwa pulezidenti wa Attorney General wa ku Spain, Juan Carlos Estévez, akuwonetseratu kayendetsedwe ka chuma komwe kadzapezeke ngati dongosolo la Spain likuyenda bwino kuposa kubwezeretsa mayiko a ku Ulaya. Pongoyerekezera mmene dziko limene linkayendera dziko lathu la Hungary lija, akanapeza ndalama zokwana mayuro miliyoni imodzi popereka chilango, miliyoni XNUMX ndi theka ngati chipambano chathu chopeza ndalama chinali chofanana ndi cha Estonia.
