Imvi ili m'mafashoni, koma si onse omwe amakonda kuwonetsa ndipo ambiri amalota njira yothetsera vutoli zomwe sizikutanthauza kuti azipaka utoto nthawi ndi nthawi. Kafukufuku watsopano, wofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala ya 'Nature', waulula mwatsatanetsatane ndondomeko ya kutsuka tsitsi. Kupezeka mu mbewa zomwe, kuchokera ku chitsimikiziro mwa anthu, malaya a pakhomo ali ndi mankhwala omwe angathe kubwezera tsitsi ku mtundu wodziwika wachilengedwe.
Malingana ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wapadera, maselo ena amatha kusuntha pakati pa zipinda za kukula muzitsulo za tsitsi, koma amangosiya kuyenda ndi kutaya mphamvu zawo zakukhwima ndi kusunga mtundu wa tsitsi pamene anthu amakalamba.
Motsogoleredwa ndi ofufuza a ku yunivesite ya New York Grossman School of Medicine, ntchito yatsopanoyi inayang'ana pa mtundu wa maselo a khungu mu mbewa, zomwe zimapezekanso pakhungu la anthu, otchedwa melanocyte stem cell, kapena McSCs. Ndinu amene mumayang'anira kukonzanso ma melanocyte anu, chifukwa mumakhazikika pakupanga melanin ndipo ndizofunikira pamtundu wa khungu lanu.
Kafukufuku watsopanoyu adawonetsa kuti ma McSCs amatha kuumbika modabwitsa, kutanthauza kuti pakakula tsitsi, ma cell oterowo amasuntha uku ndi uku pa axis yakukhwima pomwe amayenda pakati pa zigawo za follicle ya tsitsi lomwe likukula, komwe amakumana ndi magawo osiyanasiyana a protein.
M'mawu omveka, gulu lofufuza lidapeza kuti McSC idasintha pakati pa gawo lake loyambira kwambiri komanso gawo lomaliza la kukhwima kwake, gawo la kukulitsa mayendedwe komanso kudalira komwe kuli.
Tsitsi likamakalamba, limathothoka, kenako limakula mobwerezabwereza, kuchuluka kwa McSC kumakhala 'kukakamira' mu cell cell compartment yotchedwa hair follicle bulge. Kumeneko iwo adzakhala, osakhwima ku chikhalidwe cha mayendedwe komanso osabwereranso kumalo oyambirira mu chipinda cha majeremusi, kupatsa mapuloteni a WNT omwe akanakankhira kuti apangidwenso m'maselo a pigment.
"Phunziro lathu limawonjezera kumvetsetsa kwathu momwe maselo a melanocyte amagwirira ntchito kukongoletsa tsitsi. Njira zomwe zapezedwa kumene zimakulitsa kuthekera kwakuti njira yomweyi ya melanocyte stem cell ingakhalepo mwa anthu. Ngati ndi choncho, zikupereka njira yochepetsera kapena kuletsa kukalamba kwa tsitsi la munthu pothandizira maselo okakamira kusuntha pakati pa zipinda zomwe zikukula tsitsi, "adatero wofufuza wamkulu wa kafukufukuyu, Qi Sun, mnzake wa postdoctoral ku NYU Langone Health.
Ofufuzawo amanena kuti pulasitiki ya McSC sichipezeka m'maselo ena, monga omwe amapanga tsitsi la tsitsi lokha, lomwe limadziwika kuti limasintha njira imodzi yokha pamodzi ndi nthawi yokhazikika pamene ikukula. Izi zimathandiza kufotokoza mwa zina chifukwa chake tsitsi likhoza kupitiriza kukula ngakhale mtundu wake utalephera, akuwonjezera Sun.
Ntchito zam'mbuyomu zomwe gulu lofufuza la NYU lidawonetsa kuti kusaina kwa WNT kunali kofunikira kulimbikitsa ma McSCs kuti akhwime ndi kupanga pigment.
M'mayesero aposachedwa a mbewa omwe tsitsi lawo linali lokalamba chifukwa cha epilation ndikukakamizika kukuliranso, kuchuluka kwa ma follicles atsitsi okhala ndi McSCs omwe adakhala mu ma follicle pons adakwera kuchoka pa 15% asanatulutsidwe mpaka pafupifupi theka atakalamba mokakamizidwa. Maselo amenewa sangathenso kusinthika kapena kukhwima kukhala ma melanocyte otulutsa pigment. Iwo anasiya khalidwe lawo lobadwanso mwatsopano chifukwa analibenso chizindikiro cha WNT chochuluka, motero kuthekera kwawo kotulutsa mtundu wa pigment m’zitsa zatsitsi zatsopano, zimene zinapitirizabe kukula, zinalephereka.
Mosiyana ndi izi, McSC yomwe idapitilirabe kusuntha pakati pa follicle bulge ndi nyongolosi yatsitsi idasungabe mphamvu yake yosinthika, kukhwima kukhala ma melanocyte, ndikupanga pigment munthawi yonse yophunzira yazaka ziwiri.
"Ndikutayika kwa chameleon m'maselo a melanocyte omwe angayambitse kukalamba ndi kutayika kwa tsitsi. Zomwe anapezazi zikusonyeza kuti melanocyte stem cell motility ndi kusiyanitsa kosinthika ndizofunika kwambiri kuti tsitsi likhale lathanzi, lakuda, "anatero wofufuza wamkulu wa kafukufuku Mayumi Ito, Ronald O. Perelman Pulofesa wa Dermatology ndi Dipatimenti ya Cell Biology ku NYU Langone Health.
Gululi lili ndi mapulani ofufuza njira zobwezeretsera kusuntha kwa ma McSCs kapena mwachiwonekere kuwabwezeretsa kuchipinda chawo cha majeremusi, komwe angapangire pigment.
