Kodi tsiku lobwereketsa ngongole limatanthauza chiyani?
Tsiku lakukhwima ndi tsiku lomwe ndalama zoyambilira za promissory note, bill of exchange, bondi yovomera, kapena chida china chilichonse changongole. Patsiku lino, lomwe nthawi zambiri limasindikizidwa pa chiphaso cha chida chomwe chikufunsidwa, wamkulu wa ndalamazo amabwezeredwa kwa wobwereketsa, pomwe chiwongola dzanja chomwe chimalipidwa nthawi zonse pa moyo wa mgwirizanowo chimatha. Tsiku lakukhwima limatanthauzanso tsiku lomaliza (tsiku lomaliza) lomwe ngongole iyenera kubwezeredwa mokwanira.
Tsiku lotha ntchito limatanthawuza moyo wa chitetezo, kudziwitsa osunga ndalama pamene adzalandira malipiro awo. Chifukwa chake, ngongole yazaka 30 imakhala ndi tsiku lakukhwima patatha zaka makumi atatu kuchokera pomwe idatulutsidwa ndipo satifiketi yazaka 2 (CD) ili ndi tsiku lakukhwima patatha miyezi makumi awiri ndi inayi italengedwa.
Tsiku lakukhwima limaperekanso malire a nthawi yomwe osunga ndalama azilandira chiwongola dzanja. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti zida zina zangongole, monga zotetezedwa zokhazikika, zitha kukhala "zoyitanidwa", pomwe wopereka ngongoleyo amakhala ndi ufulu wobwezera wamkulu nthawi iliyonse. Chifukwa chake, otsatsa ayenera kudziwa, asanagule chitetezo chilichonse chokhazikika, ngati ma bond akhoza kuwomboledwa kapena ayi.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngongole ikabwera?
Kukhwima kumatanthawuza tsiku lomwe wobwereketsa kapena wobwereketsa wangongole kapena udindo ayenera kubweza wamkulu ndi chiwongola dzanja kwa mwiniwake kapena wobwereketsa. Tsiku la kukhwima limasonyeza moyo wothandiza wa chitetezo, kudziwitsa woperekayo pamene mkulu ndi chiwongoladzanja ziyenera kubwezeredwa.
Tsiku lokhwima likadutsa ndipo chiwongoladzanja ndi chiwongoladzanja zibwezeredwa, zomwe woperekayo amachita zimatha. Palibe malipiro owonjezera omwe amafunikira pambuyo pa tsiku lomaliza. Zomwe zimatchedwanso tsiku la chiwombolo, kukhwima kumatha kuyambira chaka chimodzi mpaka 30, kutengera zosowa zachuma za woperekayo.
Zida zangongole, monga ma promissory notes, mabilu osinthanitsa, ndi ma bond olandila, nthawi zambiri zimagawidwa malinga ndi masiku ake okhwima. Ma bond omwe ali ndi nthawi yakukhwima ya chaka chimodzi kapena kuchepera amadziwika ngati ma bond akanthawi kochepa, pomwe omwe ali ndi nthawi yakukhwima yopitilira chaka chimodzi amatengedwa ngati nthawi yayitali.
Kwa ma bond ambiri, tsiku lenileni lakukhwima limawonetsedwa pa satifiketi ya bondi. Ngakhale kuti kukhwima nthawi zonse kumatanthauza tsiku lenileni lobwezera, pali zosiyana ndi lamuloli. Mwachitsanzo, makampani ena amapereka ma bond omwe ali "ovomerezeka." Bondi yokhoza kuyimbidwa imalola woperekayo kuyiwombola nthawi iliyonse tsiku lakukhwima lotchulidwa lisanafike.
Malipiro Angongole Ochedwa
Kuchepetsa kwachulukidwe kumathandizira chuma pakuchepetsa chiwongola dzanja chanthawi yayitali (kupangitsa kuti mabizinesi ndi ngongole zanyumba zikhale zotsika mtengo) ndikuwonetsa cholinga cha Fed chopitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zandalama kuti zithandizire chuma. Fed imapita ku QE pamene chiwongoladzanja chanthawi yochepa chikugwera pafupi ndi ziro ndipo chuma chikufunikabe thandizo.
Pogula ngongole za boma la US ndi chitetezo chobweza ngongole, Fed imachepetsa kupezeka kwa ma bond pamsika wamba. Osunga ndalama wamba omwe akufuna kukhala ndi zotetezedwa izi azikweza mitengo yazinthu zomwe zatsala, ndikuchepetsa zokolola zawo. Izi zimatchedwa "portfolio balance" effect. Njirayi ndiyofunikira makamaka pamene Federal Reserve ikugula zotetezedwa zanthawi yayitali panthawi yamavuto. Ngakhale mitengo ikatsika mpaka ziro, mitengo yanthawi yayitali imakhalabe yotsika kwambiri, zomwe zimapatsa mwayi wogula kuti alimbikitse chuma.
Zokolola zochepa za Treasury ndi chizindikiro cha chiwongoladzanja cha mabungwe ena apadera, monga ma bond amakampani ndi ngongole zanyumba. Ndi mitengo yotsika, mabanja amatha kutenga ngongole zagalimoto kapena zanyumba, ndipo mabizinesi amatha kuyika ndalama pazida ndi kulemba antchito. Chiwongola dzanja chotsika chimalumikizidwanso ndi mitengo yokwera, kuchulukitsa chuma m'nyumba ndi kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama.
Calculator Yoyenera Kubweza Ngongole
Nthawi ya ngongole ndi kutalika kwa mgwirizano wa ngongole ndi chiwongoladzanja (mwachitsanzo, ngongole ya zaka 25 ikhoza kukhala ndi zaka zisanu). Komabe, ngongole yonseyo siyilipidwa kwenikweni kumapeto kwa nthawiyo. Mungafunike kukonzanso kapena kukambirananso zangongole yanu kuti muwonjezere nthawi yatsopano ndikupitiliza kulipira.
Andrew ndi Marc akufuna kubwereketsa $150.000. Wobanki wawo akuwonetsa zaka zisanu ndi chiwongola dzanja cha 5,25 peresenti. Izi zikutanthauza kuti azipereka malipiro a principal kuphatikiza chiwongola dzanja kwa zaka zisanu. Koma ndalama zokwana madola 150.000 sizidzabwezedwa zonse kumapeto kwa nthawiyi. Zaka zisanu zikadzatha, adzafunikanso kubwereketsa ngongoleyo kwa nthawi yatsopano pa chiwongoladzanja chomwe chidzakhalapo panthawiyo. Adzakhala omasuka kufunafuna mwayi wabwinoko kuchokera kwa obwereketsa ena, koma ngati asankha ina, adzayenera kulipira ngongoleyo ndi wobwereketsa wapanoyo kudzera mu mgwirizano ndi watsopanoyo.
Nthawi ya mgwirizano imayika mgwirizano wanu kwa nthawi. Malipiro a ngongole kuyambira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka zaka zisanu ndi ofala, ngakhale kuti zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri kapena khumi nthawi zambiri zimapezeka. Mawuwa amangotanthauza kuti, kumapeto kwa nthawiyo, mudzayenera kukambirana za nthawi yatsopano yobwereketsa kutengera momwe mulili komanso ndalama panthawiyo. Nthawi zambiri, wobwereketsayo adzadzipereka kuti akonzenso pansi pa msika wamakono kapena wabwinoko. Komabe, ndi mwayi wokambirana ndi bungwe lanu lazachuma kapena kuwona ngati mungapeze mwayi wabwino pamsika.
