Lachinayi, Marichi 2, Organic Law 1/2023, ya February 28, kapena yomwe imadziwika kuti kusintha kwa Lamulo Lochotsa Mimba, yayamba kugwira ntchito, yomwe ikubweretsa zosintha zingapo ku Organic Law 2/2010, ya 3 Marichi pazakugonana ndi uchembere ndi kusokoneza modzifunira kwa mimba ndi kuyandikira, kupereka zipangizo ndi anthu okwanira kuti atsimikizire kuti ali ndi ufulu m'dera lonselo molingana.
Momwemonso, imayang'ana maphunziro okhudzana ndi kugonana m'magawo onse a maphunziro, imapitilira kuvumbula mfundo zenizeni za amayi olumala, imakana ntchito zapadera, imazindikira momveka bwino momwe zinthu zilili komanso kulumala kwakanthawi kwakanthawi chifukwa chazovuta zomwe zimachitika pamsika wantchito mu Meyi womwewo. mkaziyo ndi nkhani ya yachiwiri yolepheretsa kusamba kapena yachiwiri dysmenorrhea kugwirizana ndi pathologies ena, komanso chifukwa cha kusokoneza mimba, kaya mwaufulu kapena ayi, pamene kulandira chithandizo chaumoyo ku Public Health Service ndipo sangathe kugwira ntchito, ndi kuti. za mimba ya amayi kuyambira tsiku loyamba la sabata la makumi atatu ndi zisanu ndi zinayi, mankhwala oyendetsera msambo aulere amakhazikitsidwa m'malo ophunzirira, ndende ndi malo ochezera anthu, kafukufuku ndi malonda a njira zolerera za amuna zimabzalidwa, makampeni adzalimbikitsidwa ndikulimbitsa nthawi zopewera. ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana, omwe atha kutsatiridwa ndi njira zophunzitsira, zatsopano zikuphatikizidwa paufulu wochotsa mimba mwaufulu ndi kukana kulowa usilikali chifukwa cha chikumbumtima, ndi mitundu ya nkhanza yomwe ilipo pa nkhani ya kugonana ndi kubereka kwa amayi. .
ufulu wogonana ndi ubereki
Kuti musinthe zolemba zokhudzana ndi zomwe zili mulingo, matanthauzidwe, mfundo zotsogola ndi kuchuluka kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito, lembalo limayambitsa zosintha zingapo pamutu I, II, III ndi IV wamutu I, womwe umatchedwa "Institutional". udindo pazaumoyo, kugonana ndi ufulu wakubereka”.
Pankhani ya mutu Woyamba, wotchedwa "Institutional udindo pazaumoyo, kugonana ndi ufulu wobereka", zinthu ndi zitsimikizo za zochita za akuluakulu a boma zikukulitsidwa ndi njira zatsopano zokhudzana ndi thanzi lopachikidwa pa msambo, pakati pa zomwe zili zoyenera. kuzindikira kuvomereza mwalamulo za kuthekera kwa kulumala kwakanthawi komwe kumachokera ku kulemala kwachiwiri komwe kumakhudzana ndi matenda monga endometriosis, fibroids, matenda otupa m'chiuno, adenomyosis, polyps endometrial, polycystic ovaries, kapena kuvutika kwa magazi Kusamba kwamtundu uliwonse, komwe kungaphatikizepo zizindikiro. monga dyspareunia, dysuria, kusabereka, kapena kulemera kuposa kutuluka magazi, pakati pa ena.
Momwemonso, kukhalapo pakugawidwa kwaulere kwa mankhwala oyendetsera msambo m'malo ophunzirira pamikhalidwe yomwe imapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunikira, m'malo ochitira chithandizo chamagulu azimayi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chochotsedwa, komanso m'malo ndi malo ena omwe anthu amalandidwa ufulu. . Kusonkhanitsa kwa mankhwala oletsa kusamba kudzalemekeza kusankha kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
Mutu Wachiwiri, womwe tsopano umatchedwa "Miyeso pa nkhani ya kugonana ndi ubereki", umazindikira mautumiki ndi ufulu wotsimikiziridwa ndi ntchito zapagulu, kusiyanitsa pakati pa kugonana ndi ubereki wabwino. Pamapeto pake, kuwongolera zochitika zapadera zachilema kwakanthawi kwa amayi omwe amachotsa mimba, mwakufuna kwawo kapena ayi, malinga ndi zomwe zakhazikitsidwa m'mawu osinthidwa a General Social Security Law, ovomerezedwa ndi Royal Legislative Decree 8/2015, ya October 30, komanso lamulo la vuto lapadera lachilema chosakhalitsa kwa amayi apakati kuyambira tsiku loyamba la sabata la makumi atatu ndi zisanu ndi zinayi za mimba.
Momwemonso, mabungwe aboma akuyenera kutsimikizira mwayi wopeza njira zolerera, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito njira zolerera nthawi zonse komanso mwachangu, zotsimikizika komanso zosinthika, ndi chidwi chapadera pazabwino monga kuwonetsa mapindu owonjezera azachipatala ku njira zina zomwe zilipo, zomwe zikuwonetsa chitetezo. , ndi njira zolerera za amuna, kotero kuti mphamvu zawo ndi chitetezo zimathandizidwa ndi umboni wotsimikizika wasayansi. Momwemonso, lingalirani mokwanira za kukhalapo kwa njira zolerera zadzidzidzi zomwe zimatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kwabwino kwa ntchitoyo potengera pempho la ofesi ya pharmacy iliyonse.
Ndi kusinthidwa kwa mutu wachitatu, womwe tsopano umatchedwa "Miyeso pazamaphunziro ndi chidziwitso chokhudza maufulu ogonana ndi ubereki", maphunziro okhudzana ndi kugonana ndi ubereki mu maphunziro ndi kuthandizira gulu la maphunziro, ndikuwonjezera mfundo ziwiri zomwe zimaphatikizapo kupewa nkhanza zogonana m'munda, maphunziro a msambo, maphunziro osakhazikika, zachitetezo cha mabungwe komanso kampeni yodziwitsa zambiri komanso maphunziro amalire a sayansi yazamalamulo, sayansi yamaphunziro ndi sayansi ya chikhalidwe cha anthu.
Pomaliza, Mutu IV, "Miyeso pazamaphunziro ndi kudziwitsa anthu za ufulu wakugonana ndi ubereki", wachoka pakunena za njira yaumoyo ndi uchembele ndi kugonana mpaka kunena momveka bwino za momwe malamulo amagwiritsidwira ntchito moyenera. , choyamba chomwe chimanenedwa njira, kulongosola kwake kumayendetsedwa kwambiri.
Kuchotsa mwaufulu mimba
Mutu II umasintha zofunikira zomwe zimafunikira kuti pakhale kusokoneza mwakufuna kwa mimba kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti zithandizozo zitha kuchitika kuchipatala cha anthu kapena kumalo ovomerezeka ovomerezeka.
Monga zachilendo, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti amayi akhoza kutenga mimba mwaufulu ali ndi zaka 16, popanda chilolezo cha oimira awo azamalamulo, komanso mwayi wovomerezeka wa amayi, omwe angathe kutenga mimba mwaufulu m'masabata khumi ndi anayi oyambirira a mimba. pempho la mayi wapakati, kuchotsa zofunikira za chidziwitso choyambirira cha ufulu, zopindulitsa ndi chithandizo cha anthu kuti athandize amayi oyembekezera komanso kuti nthawi yowonetsera masiku atatu yatha.
M'lingaliro lomweli, ponena za chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi kusokoneza mwaufulu kwa mimba, zimanenedwa kuti amayi amangolandira zowonjezera zowonjezera, monga zomwe zimachokera ku mapindu a uchembere, ngati zingafunike, ndipo osati monga chofunikira kuti apeze chithandizo chamankhwala. utumiki.
Pankhani ya chitsimikiziro cha mwayi wopeza chithandizo, atalengeza kuti ogwiritsa ntchito National Health System ayenera kupeza kuchotsa mimba mwaufulu pansi pazifukwa zofanana, zatsimikiziridwa kuti maulamuliro azaumoyo omwe sangathe kupereka ndondomekoyi m'madera ake, akutchula ogwiritsa ntchito. ku likulu kapena ntchito yololedwa kuchita izi, m'malo abwino kwambiri okhala pafupi ndi nyumba yawo, kutsimikizira kupezeka ndi mtundu wa kulowererapo komanso chitetezo cha ogwiritsa ntchito.
Momwemonso, njira zimawonjezeredwa kuti zitsimikizire zambiri zautumiki komanso kutsimikizira ntchito zachipatala, ndikuzindikira momveka bwino kuti ali ndi ufulu wokana kulowa usilikali chifukwa cha chikumbumtima cha ogwira ntchito yazaumoyo, ngati chigamulo cha munthu aliyense payekhapayekha wokhudzidwa mwachindunji ndi kusokoneza kwaufulu. mimba, amene ayenera kuwonetseredwa pasadakhale ndi kulemba, kulamulira ex novo kaundula wa okana usilikali chifukwa cha chikumbumtima, amene adzakhala zolinga za mchitidwe wachindunji wa kupereka mwaufulu kuchotsa mimba onse m'munda wa thanzi la anthu monga zachinsinsi.
Chitetezo ndi chitsimikizo cha zotayika pakugonana ndi ubereki
Lamuloli likuwonjezera Mutu Wachitatu ku Lamulo, lotchedwa "Chitetezo ndi chitsimikizo cha ufulu wogonana ndi ubereki".
Mitu yake yoyamba imayang'anira kuchuluka kwa udindo wa mabungwe oyang'anira boma pankhaniyi, kulimbikitsa kampeni yodziwitsa zambiri ndi zochita za ufulu wa amayi pakugonana ndi kubereka komanso kuthandizira mabungwe apadera a anthu.
Mutu wachiwiri ukukamba za chitetezo ndi chitsimikizo cha zothandizira zogonana ndi zoberekera m'munda wa amayi ndi amayi, kuphatikizapo kuphunzitsa ogwira ntchito zachipatala ndi zachikazi komanso kupereka kuti Njira ya Umoyo Wogonana ndi Ubereki imaphatikizapo gawo la kupewa, kuzindikira ndi kubereka. kulowererapo kofunikira kuti mutsimikizire zofooka za kugonana ndi ubereki mu gawo la gynecological and obstetric field.
Ndipo m'mutu wake wachitatu, njira zopewera ndi kuyankha zasonkhanitsidwa motsutsana ndi mitundu ya nkhanza kwa amayi pankhani ya kugonana ndi ubereki, kuyembekezera zochita zoletsa kuchotsa mimba mokakamizidwa ndi kulera mokakamizidwa ndi kulera komanso kupewa kutenga pakati ndi surrogacy. molingana ndi Lamulo la 14/2006, la Meyi 26, pa njira zothandizira kubereka kwa anthu, mgwirizano womwe mimba imavomerezedwa, popanda mtengo kapena popanda mtengo, mopanda ndalama za Mayi amene wakana uchembere m'malo mwa wochita mgwirizano kapena wachitatu. phwando. M'lingaliro lomweli, maulamuliro aboma adavomerezedwa molingana ndi ndime 6 ya Lamulo 34/1988, la Novembara 11, General Advertising, kuwonetsa maweruzo omwe amaperekedwa pakulengeza zalamulo zotsatsa zomwe zimalimbikitsa machitidwe azamalonda pakuwongolera ndikulowa m'malo mwa kupambana kale.
Mwachidule, molingana ndi makonzedwe opereka njira zolerera kwaulere, ndalama zochokera ku thumba la boma la njira zolerera za mahomoni, kuphatikiza njira zosinthira zomwe zakhala zikuchitika kwakanthawi, kugawa kwaulere kwa njira zakulera mwadzidzidzi m'zipatala kudzasinthidwa. komanso m'mabungwe apadera osamalira anthu oganiza bwino ali ndi ufulu wotetezedwa ndi deta ya ogwira ntchito yazaumoyo olembetsedwa m'kaundula wa anthu okana usilikali chifukwa cha chikumbumtima.
