'Oké mmiri ozuzo zuru oke' nke akụrụngwa, nwetara site na mweghachi nke akụ na ụba mgbe ọrịa ọjọọ ahụ gasịrị, mere ka ụlọ ọrụ ahụ maa jijiji ma mee ka ọ rụọ ọrụ n'okpuru mmetụta ya: n'ihi egwu na-agwụcha ngwa ngwa, ụlọ ọrụ kpebiri ịba ụba nke gị. iwu, na-agbasawanye mkpọmkpọ akụ zuru ụwa ọnụ, ma bulie ọnụ ahịa nke, na ụfọdụ ihe, rute ọkwa a na-enwetụbeghị ụdị ya. Otu ihe metụtakwara mbubata na mbupụ na-erute elu oge niile na 2021, mana nke na-eyi egwu ibelata ire mba ofesi site na ụlọ ọrụ Spanish n'afọ a.
N'ime ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na-etinye aka na mbupụ, enwere nkwenye nke mmetụta. N'ihi ihe isi ike nke ịnweta
na ihe ndị dị mkpa, usoro nke ị nweta oke ego na semester ikpeazụ nwere ike iduga n'ịzụ ahịa n'ime ọnwa mbụ nke 2022", onye isi ụlọ ọrụ nke Association of Internationalized Industrial Companies, AMEC, Joan Tristany kọwara.
Otu òkè nke ga-eto nke ọma na ego nke ire mba ọzọ na 2022, site na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, ha kwenyekwara na ọnụ ahịa akụrụngwa ga-abawanye ka ego mbupụ ga-abawanye ruo 7,9%, dị ka akụkọ azụmaahịa mba ofesi bipụtara ụnyaahụ site na Ministry of Industry. , Azụmahịa na njem nlegharị anya. Mmụba ọnụ ahịa nke bụbu otu n'ime ndị na-akpali akpali na ndekọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ire ụlọ ala ọzọ, nke na 2021 bilitere nwere ngụkọta mbubata nde euro 316.000, dịka ngalaba nke Reyes Maroto na-achị si kwuo. Ihe dị iche bụ ihe a ma ama: ebe uru nke mbupụ na-abawanye site na 21,2% karịa afọ gara aga, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke azụmahịa nwere ọganihu na-enweghị isi, na-eguzo na 12,4%. N'okwu niile, AMEC na-ewere na data ahụ na-aga n'ihu na-adị mma n'ime oge "ebe ụlọ ọrụ na-enwe nsogbu n'inweta akụrụngwa, ụkọ ihe na-arụ ọrụ nke ngwa agha."
evolushọn nke
Spanish mbupụ
Isi mmalite: Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Tourism/ABC
evolushọn nke
Spanish mbupụ
Isi mmalite: Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Tourism/ABC
N'ezie, ngalaba niile kwalitere ego ha nwetara na ahịa mba ofesi na 2021 ma e jiri ya tụnyere afọ gara aga. Ndị nke ọrụ ha na 2020 belatara site na mmachi nke akụ na ụba pụtara, nke mechara nwetaghachi nke ọma na okpomoku ụwa: mbupụ dị ka ngwaahịa ike (70.0%), akụrụngwa (37%) na ndị na-abụghị - kemịkalụ ọkara arụpụtara (1%). Nakwa ngwaahịa kemịkalụ (34,3%), ezubere maka ire ọgwụ; ndị na-azụ ahịa na-arụpụta (32,3%) n'ihi mmụba nke ịre ahịa ịkwa akwa, ma ọ bụ ngwa ahịa na-adịgide adịgide (22,1%) n'ihi nlọghachi na ọchịchọ nke ngwá ụlọ. N'aka nke ọzọ, mbupụ sitere na ngalaba ụgbọ ala nwere mmụba nwere uche karịa (19,4%) n'ihi mfu nke microchips.
N'ihi ebe ịre ahịa, na 2021 na-abawanye site na ịdị arọ ma e jiri ya tụnyere 2020, mbupụ Spanish gara European Union (61,8% nke mkpokọta) na Latin America (4,6%). Site na mba, ọ bara uru ịkọwapụta mmụba azụmahịa nke ụlọ ọrụ Spanish na India (37,1%), Chile (35,4%), Argentina (34,9%), Italy (29,8%), Turkey (28,9%) na Morocco (28,7%). Ọzọkwa na ire ere na United Kingdom toro nke ukwuu n'ime afọ mbụ ka Brexit gasịrị, ọ bụ naanị 9,4%.
mwepu ahia na-abawanye okpukpu abụọ
N'agbanyeghị ezigbo data na mbupụ, nguzozi azụmaahịa (iche dị n'etiti ahịa mba ofesi na mbubata) mechiri 2021 na mperi nke nde euro 26.177,9, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okpukpu abụọ nke edebara aha na 2020, mgbe oke ahụ bụ nde 13.422 na-akwado mbubata.
Na ihe okwu, ịzụrụ ná mba ọzọ gafere 342.000 nde euro afọ gara aga, 24,8% karịa na 2020. Ike. Karịsịa n'ihe banyere mmanụ na gas, Spain bụ 99,9% dabere na mba ndị ọzọ.
Na nke a n'inweta ná mba ọzọ, na-abawanye nke isi suppliers nke Spain pụta ìhè: Germany na China, na a arọ nke 11,2% na 10,2 n'otu n'otu, nke bilitere site 12,1% afọ-na-afọ na nke mbụ ikpe na 18, 8% na nke abụọ. Na mkpokọta EU, ha gbagoro site na 29,9%.
