Ua wānana maikaʻi ʻia kahi naʻauao akamai mai DeepMind, kahi hui Google, i ke ʻano o 200 miliona mau protein, aneane ʻike ʻia e ka ʻepekema. ʻO kēia mau ʻikepili, loaʻa manuahi i nā mea a pau, he mea nui ia no ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka biology o nā mea ola āpau ma ka honua a hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou a i ʻole nā ʻenehana e kūʻē i ka pollution plastic a i ʻole ka pale ʻana i ka lāʻau antibiotic.
ʻO nā protein nā mea kūkulu o ke ola. Hana ʻia me nā kaulahao o nā waikawa amino, e pelu ana i nā ʻano piha, kahi ʻano 3D e hoʻoholo nui i kā lākou hana. ʻO ka ʻike pehea e pelu ai i kahi protein i hiki iā mākou ke hoʻāʻo e hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana a me ke ʻano o kona ʻano, ʻo ia kekahi o nā luʻi nui o ka biology no nā makahiki ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelima.
I ka makahiki i hala, ua kāhāhā ʻo DeepMind i ke kaiāulu ʻepekema ma ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ke code no AlphaFold. Loaʻa nā hale o hoʻokahi miliona mau protein, me nā protein āpau i loko o ke kino kanaka, i kahi waihona i kūkulu ʻia me ka European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), kahi keʻena noiʻi honua.
Ua hoʻololi mau ka ʻike i ka biology a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. I loko o kahi mau minuke a me ka pololei nui, ua hiki i nā mea noiʻi ke loaʻa i ka ʻike pili pono, no ka laʻana, e pili ana i nā protein e pili ana i nā maʻi like ʻole. Ua ʻike ʻia ka hana e ka makasina 'Science' ʻo ia ka noiʻi ʻepekema koʻikoʻi o ka makahiki.
ʻAʻohe palekana a me ka maʻi
ʻO ka hōʻano hou me 200 miliona mau protein, kahi wikiwiki nui mai ka wili mua, e pili ana i nā hale no nā mea kanu, bacteria, holoholona, a me nā mea ola ʻē aʻe he nui, e wehe ana i nā manawa nui no AlphaFold e hana i ka hopena i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e like me ka hoʻomau, ka wahie. , ka palekana o ka meaʻai a me nā maʻi mālama ʻole ʻia, "wahi a British Demis Hassabis, ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu a me Luna Nui o DeepMind, kekahi o nā hui noiʻi ʻike akamai loa o ka honua. Hāʻawi ʻia i kēia makahiki me ke Kamāliʻiwahine o Asturias Award for Scientific and Technical Research, ʻo Hassabis, he keiki prodigy o ka chess a me ka mea hoʻolālā o nā pāʻani kamepiula, manaʻoʻiʻo hiki i nā ʻepekema ke hoʻohana i nā ʻike e hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi i nā maʻi a me ka wikiwiki i ka hana hou i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau. a me ka biology.
Mai kona hoʻomaka ʻana i ka makahiki 2020, ʻoi aku ma mua o 500 mau mea noiʻi mai 000 mau ʻāina i komo iā AlphaFold no ka ʻoi aku o 190 miliona mau hale. Ua hoʻohana lākou iā ia, i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, e ʻike i nā protein e pili ana i ke olakino o nā pi a hoʻokuʻu i kahi kano kūpono e kūʻē i ka maʻi malaria. I Mei, ua hoʻolaha nā mea noiʻi alakaʻi ʻo Oxford University ua hoʻohana lākou i kēia algorithm e kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o kahi protein malaria parasite koʻikoʻi a hōʻoia ʻia e pale paha nā anticoagulants i ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā parasite.
nukelea pores
ʻO kahi hoʻohana kūleʻa ʻē aʻe o AlphaFold i hui pū i ka nuklea pore complex, kekahi o nā puʻupuʻu diabolical loa o ka biology. Aia ka hale i nā haneli o nā ʻāpana protein a mālama i nā mea a pau e komo i loko a i waho o ka nucleus cell. Ua hoʻohana pū ʻia e hoʻopaʻa i nā maʻi e like me ka leishmaniasis a me ka maʻi Chagas, ka mea i hoʻopilikia like ʻole i ka poʻe ma nā wahi ʻilihune o ka honua, a i ʻole ka lepera a me ka schistosomiasis, kahi maʻi maʻi a me ka maʻi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā ilo parasitic. piliona kānaka a puni ka honua.
Mālama ka mea hana i nā mea noiʻi i ka manawa he nui, pono e wānana i nā ʻano o nā protein he hana paʻakikī. "ʻO AlphaFold kahi holomua kūikawā a koʻikoʻi i ka ʻepekema ola e hōʻike ana i ka mana o AI. Ke hoʻoholo nei i ke ʻano 3D o kahi protein i hoʻohana ʻia e lawe i nā mahina a i ʻole mau makahiki, i kēia manawa kekona kekona, "wahi a Eric Topol, ka mea hoʻokumu a me ka luna o ka Scripps Research Institute. Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻo Hassabis i kahi mea maʻalahi e like me ka hana ʻana i kahi hulina Google.
Per Jesús Pérez Gil, Polopeka o Molecular Biology a me Biochemistry ma ke Kulanui Complutense o Madrid, ʻo nā wānana a AlphaFold e hōʻike ana "he loli nui" i kona hiki ke noiʻi. ʻO ka hilinaʻi o ka naʻauao artificial "he mea kupanaha loa i kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia. He mea kupaianaha ka nui o kēia mau hale e like like ke ʻike ʻia i ka hoʻokolohua," ʻae ʻo ia. Hoʻomaopopo ka mea noiʻi he simulation kēia, a pono e hōʻoia ʻia lākou āpau me nā haʻawina hoʻokolohua. ʻAʻole ʻo ka ʻanuʻu aʻe e hoʻomaopopo wale i ke ʻano o nā protein, akā i ka wehe ʻana i ke ʻano o ka loli ʻana i ka wā e launa pū ai kekahi i kekahi a i ʻole me nā mea molekala ʻē aʻe.
"ʻO nā protein ka mea e hana ai i ka hapa nui o nā hana i nā cell a me nā kiko. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana a me ke ʻano o kā lākou hana ʻana i ka wā e launa pū ai kekahi i kekahi a i ʻole nā molekole ʻē aʻe e hiki ai iā mākou ke hoʻomohala i nā pahuhopu therapeutic no nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻimi no nā noi biotechnological a i ʻole nā mea hana ʻoihana i ka ʻoihana meaʻai, nā kaʻina hana a i ʻole ka hoʻomau ʻana o ke kaiapuni ". .
