He aha nā genetic mutations i mea nui no ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa?

Ke ʻike ʻia nā noiʻi hou e pili ana i ka maʻi kanesa, ma kahi o ʻelua mau nīnau maʻamau: Hiki iā mākou ke ho'ōla i ka maʻi kanesa? He aha ka manaʻo o kēia haʻawina no nā poʻe maʻi i loaʻa i ka maʻi kanesa?

Paʻakikī ka pane. Eia naʻe, ke aʻo nei nā kaukani o nā mea noiʻi i kēia fermentation me ka manaʻo e hiki ke loaʻa i kahi pane. No kēia kumu, ʻo ka maʻi kanesa ka paʻakikī biomedical nui e kū nei i nā limahana olakino a me ka ʻepekema.

ʻIke piha i nā maʻi koko o ke kanaka

I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ʻo kekahi o nā holomua nui o ka ʻepekema ʻepekema ʻo ia ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka genome o nā ʻokoʻa like ʻole o ke kanaka. He aha ka manaʻo o kēia? E ʻike i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo genetic e hoʻomohala ʻia ai kahi pūnaʻi tumo.

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina hoʻokaʻina genome hou i hana ʻia ka maʻi maʻi i nā kaukani o nā hoʻololi genetic (i kapa ʻia he pili) i ka nui o nā genes.

Eia naʻe, i mea e hoʻoponopono ai i nā pilikia kūpono e like me ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā lāʻau antitumor, ʻaʻole lawa ka wehewehe ʻana i kēia mau hoʻololi. Pono e ʻike i nā loli i mea nui no ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi a, i ka manawa like, e ʻike i nā hopena i loaʻa iā lākou. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā hōʻike i kēia manawa o ka biomedicine.

Ma nā huaʻōlelo koʻikoʻi, ʻo VAV1 kekahi o nā genes e hoʻololi ʻia i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa like ʻole. ʻO ka mea nui, i loko o kahi ʻōpū o ke koko koko kumu i kapa ʻia ʻo peripheral T-cell lymphoma.

ʻO nā pūnaewele T (ʻo ia hoʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo T lymphocytes) he mau pūnaewele o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale e ʻike a luku i nā cell ʻē aʻe i "pilikia" i ko mākou kino. No ka laʻana, nā maʻi maʻi maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​pūnaewele i hoʻopili ʻia e nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole, e like me ka mea e kumu ai iā Covid-19. Eia nō naʻe, hiki mai ka pilikia i ka wā e ʻeha ai nā T lymphocytes iā lākou iho, e hoʻomāhuahua ʻole ʻia lākou a hoʻoikaika i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā lymphomas.

ʻO ka pilikia o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā lymphocytes T

Ua hoʻohana kekahi hui noiʻi mai ka Salamanca Cancer Research Center i nā makahiki e aʻo ana i ke kuleana o nā protein VAV i ka maʻi kanesa. He ʻohana ia o nā protein a mākou i ʻike ai i kēia manawa ke pāʻani nei i nā kuleana kūpono i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai he nui, e like me ka ʻili a i ʻole ka maʻi kanesa.

Ua hoʻomaopopo kēia mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua iā mākou i ke koʻikoʻi o nā hoʻololi i wehewehe ʻia no ka gene VAV1 hiki ke loaʻa i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lymphomas T-cell peripheral.

Inā lawa ka ho'ā ʻana o VAV1, hana maʻamau nā pūnaewele T. ʻO kēia ke kūlana kūpono. Eia naʻe, inā hewa kēia ho'ālaʻana, hoʻomaka nā pūnaewele e ulu a māhele ma kahi alaʻole. ʻO kēia ka hihia o nā lymphomas T-cell peripheral.

E like me ka mea i wehewehe ʻia ma ka hana i paʻi ʻia e kēia pūʻulu noiʻi i loko o ka puke pai ʻepekema EMBO Journal, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mutations i loaʻa i nā maʻi e alakaʻi i ka hoʻāla ʻole ʻia o ka protein VAV1 i loko o nā pūnaewele maʻi. Ma kēia ala, ʻike mākou he kūpono lākou no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi.

Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike kā mākou ʻikepili ʻaʻole i like ka hopena o nā mutations āpau ma VAV1. Akā, ua hoʻokaʻawale mākou i kēia mau hoʻololi i kekahi mau subtypes e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hopena i loaʻa iā lākou i ka protein. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻike e pili ana kēlā me kēia o kēia mau subtypes me nā ʻano pathological a me nā ʻano lapaʻau i nā maʻi.

Ua hōʻike pū mākou ʻo ka hoʻololi pinepine ʻana o VAV1 e hana like me nā "mea hoʻokele oncogenic". ʻO ia hoʻi, kona hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā ʻōpū me ka ʻole o ka pono e hoʻoponopono me nā hoʻololi genetic ʻē aʻe. Hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻike i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole he mea liʻiliʻi ka hele ʻana o kēia mau mea i hoʻopili ʻia i nā ʻōpū. ʻO lākou ke kuleana nui o ko lākou kumu.

Hiki i nā ʻiole ke hāʻawi i ka pane

Hōʻike ʻia nā lymphomas T-cell peripheral e ko lākou aggressiveness, nele i nā koho therapeutic, a me ka make kiʻekiʻe ʻaʻole i hoʻomaikaʻi nui i nā makahiki i hala. ʻO kēia mau maʻi koko, no laila, he hoʻihoʻi koʻikoʻi i ka pae lapaʻau.

No kēia kumu, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻiole i kēia manawa ma ke ʻano he kumu noiʻi preclinical i manaʻo ʻia he lele nui i ka maikaʻi i ka holomua o ka oncology. ʻO ka hana i haʻi ʻia aʻe nei ua wehewehe i kahi ʻano holoholona e ʻae i ka ʻike e hana ʻia i nā ʻiole ma o ka hōʻike ʻana o nā mutants VAV1 i nā cell T olakino.

Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana genomic a me nā bioinformatic, ua ʻike ʻia ua hana ʻia ka hoʻohālike holoholona i nā lymphoma T-cell i like loa me nā mea i loaʻa i nā maʻi. Hoʻopuka kēia mau lymphomas i ka hapa nui o nā hiʻohiʻona lapaʻau, pathological, a me nā molecular o nā lymphomas o nā maʻi.

Ua hiki ke ʻike i nā wahi nāwaliwali a i ʻole nā ​​kuʻekuʻe wāwae Achilles o kēia mau lymphomas. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea no ka ʻimi ʻana i nā ala like ʻole e hoʻouka a luku i kēia mau maʻi koko. No ka laʻana, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia kēia hoʻolālā lapaʻau i ka pale ʻana i nā ala hoʻāla e pili ana i ka proliferation a i ʻole ke keʻakeʻa ʻana i ka metabolism o nā pūnaewele tumo.

ʻO ka hope, e hōʻike pū ana kēia mau hiʻohiʻona holoholona i kahi ala kūʻokoʻa, mai kēia manawa aku, e hōʻike i ka pono o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano preclinical. He mea pili loa kēia i kēia ʻano ʻokoʻa, no ka paʻakikī i loaʻa a hiki i kēia manawa ke hoʻokaʻawale, aʻo a mālama pono iā lākou.

ʻO kēia ka pilikia nui loa a mākou e kū nei. ʻO kēia mau haʻawina hou e wehe i kahi ala e hahai ai no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Me ka ʻole o kēia ʻike, ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke hoʻokokoke i ka hoʻokō ʻana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau pilikino ma ka pae o ka haukapila ma ke ʻano maʻamau.

ʻAʻole ia he ala maʻalahi a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o kā mākou makemake, akā he palapala ala hoihoi ia e pale ai i ka ulu ʻana o kēia ʻano ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai, ma waena o nā maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe.

ʻO Javier Robles Valero. Mea noiʻi kiʻekiʻe ma ka Center Research Cancer - Kumu o Biochemistry, University of Salamanca.

Ua paʻi mua ʻia kēia ʻatikala ma The Conversation.

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