I ke kakahiaka nui o Feberuari 10, 1983, a me ka hau, ua hiki mai kekahi ola hou i ka halema'i makuahine o ka Halemai Virgen de la Salud ma ke kulanakauhale o Toledo, a laila me 58.000 kanaka, he huina mamao mai ka 86.906 ma 2023. ʻO kēlā Residence, he ʻehā mau makahiki ma hope mai, he moku holo kaʻa kaʻawale e kali ana i kona ʻoki ʻana ma waena o ke kaiāulu kaumaha o Palomarejos. Mai Nowemapa 2020, ke hele nei nā poʻe maʻi a me nā hoa i kahi kikowaena o ka haukapila hohonu loa ma ke kaiāulu ikaika o Polígono (Santa María de Benquerencia) me 23.000 mau kamaʻāina, he helu he hapalua, i ka makahiki 1982, i ka manawa i hoʻokipa ai ka lā i nā tausani o nā kānaka. e Loaa i ka Pope, he hanana i ike ole ia ma ka moolelo o Toledo.
I nā makahiki kanawalu, e ulu ana ke kūlanakauhale mai ka hoʻomohala kumukānāwai e hānau ai i ka Community of Castilla-La Mancha. I Kepakemapa 1982, ma ka hale Lorenzana ma Toledo, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi ʻAha Kūkākūkā, ma ka lā 31 o Mei, 1983, ma hope o ke koho balota mua, ua hāʻawi ʻia ke ala i ka Cortes hou ma San Pedro Mártir, kahi monastery Dominican kahiko. Ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ke kino kānāwai i hana ʻia i ka hale kākela o San Servando, e neʻe ana, i ka makahiki 1987, i ka hale pule mua o Gilitos, i kona lā hale paʻahao a me ke keʻena nui o ka Kiaʻi Kivila a me ke keʻena ahi. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka Pelekikena ma ka Hale Aliʻi ʻo Fuensalida, kahi hale hōʻikeʻike mai ka makahiki 1969 a me ke keʻena nui o ka Council of University Rectors. He kānāwai hope loa o 1983 i hoʻokumu ʻia ma Toledo ka "noho o nā Cortes a me ke Aupuni o ka ʻāina."
ʻO ka diaspora kamaʻāina
Ua koi ʻia kēlā kaʻina hana e ʻimi i nā wahi i loko a i waho o nā paia no ka hoʻokele hoʻokuʻu ʻia. Ma ka wahi mōʻaukala, i ka makahiki 1985, ua noho ʻia ka Desierto Hospital del Nuncio e ka Ministry of Economy and Finance. I loko o nā palena o ka Jewish Quarter ka mea i hana wiwo ʻole no ka Mahiai (1989) a me ka hale hoʻohui ʻia o ka Colegio de Doncellas e hale i nā lawelawe ʻē aʻe ma 1994. -, noho ka loneliness i nā alanui. ʻO ka nele o nā hana wikiwiki e hoʻokumu i nā kamaʻāina ʻo ia ka pani ʻana o nā kula, ka nalowale ʻana o ke kālepa kokoke, ka puka ʻana mai o nā hale hoʻokipa nani a me nā hale kūʻai souvenir.
I ka makahiki 1996, he ʻumi makahiki ma hope o ka haʻi ʻia ʻana o Toledo i ke kūlanakauhale hoʻoilina honua, ua nalowale ka nucleus pā i ka iwakālua pakeneka o kona heluna. Ma waho o nā pā, ʻo ka nele o ka ʻāina aupuni a me ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka noi no nā hale i hoʻonui i nā kumukūʻai, ʻoi loa ma Santa Teresa a me Buenavista. ʻO nā keʻena pilikanaka (no nā ʻohana 826) a me nā moraki hiki ke loaʻa i ka Polígono a i ʻole a puni nā kūlanakauhale kokoke i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nele i nā lawelawe a me ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i Toledo. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau kahe i kēlā me kēia lā i ka mākaʻikaʻi, e lawelawe ana i nā alanui, nā ʻāpana a me nā esplanades me nā wahi kaʻa kaʻa. No ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kēia pilikia a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hele ʻana o ka poʻe hele wāwae i ke kikowaena, ma 2000 a me 2014, ua hoʻohui ʻia nā mea hoʻokiʻekiʻe mechanical hope iā Paseo de Recaredo a me Huerta de San Pablo, kahi mea i kuhikuhi ʻia e B. Winkler i kahi mobility plan (1990). ). I ka makahiki 2005, ua hoʻokuʻu ke kaʻaahi "Alta Velocidad" i ke kaʻaahi "Alta Velocidad", kahi hōʻailona lōʻihi i kali ʻia o ka wā hou no kēlā me kēia kūlanakauhale i hōʻea ai ʻo Madrid i ka hapalua hola. Eia nō naʻe, ke kali nei ka pilina me Extremadura, kahi pahuhopu i hōʻike mua ʻia i ka wā i ʻike ai ʻo Toledo i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kaʻaahi ma 1857.
ʻO ka Tagus a me nā hoʻololi ʻē aʻe
Ma kahi pae ʻē aʻe, ma kahi o 1983, ua pau ʻo Zocodover, kāna ʻoihana kalepa a me ka leʻaleʻa. Ua loaʻa i ka panakō ka makana i ka pōʻino o nā cafe. I ka makahiki 1992 ua pani ʻia ka Cine Imperio i ka manawa like i hōʻike ʻia ai nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni hou ma kahi kokoke i ka Plaza de Toros. I ka makahiki 1984, hānau hou mākou me ka lanakila nui i ka Carnival and the Burial of the Sardine, nā ʻahaʻaina i pāpā ʻia mai ka wā Postwar. Ma Merchán, mai 1990, ʻo ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana o ka promenade waena i pale aku iā ia mai ka hoʻokipa ʻana i nā mea hoihoi o Corpus Christi a me ka Fair. Ua neʻe aku nā lio liʻiliʻi a me nā carousels i Peraleda kahi i hoʻokō ʻole ʻia ai kahi kikowaena nani a me ka leʻaleʻa. Mai ka pau ʻana o nā makahiki he kanahiku, ua hana ʻia ke ola pō ma nā hale kiʻi o ka Miradero, i kēlā me kēia manawa i ʻoi aku ka deteriorated. ʻO kona pani ʻana, i ka makahiki 2002, ua hāʻawi ʻia i kahi kaʻa kaʻa i hoʻoponopono hou ʻia a me kahi auditorium (2012) e hoʻokō i ka hana kahua o ka Rojas Theatre, i hoʻoponopono hou ʻia ma 1989. Ua hoʻoikaika ʻia ke kulanui a me nā kikowaena moʻomeheu, kēlā me kēia, nā puni o San Pedro Mártir ( 1985) a me ka Alcázar, mahalo i ka Hale Waihona Puke o Castilla-La Mancha (i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka makahiki 1998) a me ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Koa (2010).
ʻO ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka Tagus, ka mea i hoʻohui i nā pūʻali kālai'āina a me ka lehulehu i ka Transition, ua hoʻomau i ka paipai ʻana i nā kūʻē i ke kūlana o kona wai ʻeleʻele i lei ʻia me ka huʻa. I ka makahiki 1994, ua waiho ʻia kahi hoʻolālā no ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa, nā panakō me ko lākou mau wai kahiko, nā ala kūlohelohe a me nā lako no ka lawaiʻa a me ka leʻaleʻa. I ka wā i hoʻōki ai ke kūlanakauhale i ka huli ʻana i ke kua i ka muliwai, ʻo ka nele o ka mālama pono i alakaʻi ʻia i kona pōʻino a me nā ʻano hou o ka manaʻo ʻole. No ka muliwai, ke koi mau nei ke kama'āina ma Toledo a me Talavera i ke kākoʻo ʻana i kahi Tagus e ola nei, ka mea hoʻokō o nā kumu mōʻaukala a me ke kumu waiwai.
I Nowemapa i ka makahiki 1986, i ka Bicentennial Arms Factory, he pahū i loko o kahi hale hana hoʻouka i make ai kekahi limahana, kahi hanana i hoʻopūhoihoi i ke kūlanakauhale. He ʻumi mau makahiki ma hope o ka pōʻino, ua pani ʻia ka hui hoʻokele ʻo Santa Bárbara (INI), e like me ia ma nā hale hana ʻē aʻe, waiho ʻia kahi ʻōpala i ka hoʻomanaʻo o Toledo. ʻO ka hopena ʻē aʻe o Toledo, i ka Industrial Estate, ua hoʻopau ʻia i ka makahiki 2006 e ka hui Standard (ma hope o Alcatel a me Sanmina), kahi hale hana i hele mai e hoʻolimalima i nā limahana 1.700. Me nā hui poina ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka hua o ke kaiāulu hānau o Santa María de Benquerencia, i kēia lā ka manaʻolana o nā hoʻokō e hiki mai ana no Toledo.
I ʻApelila 1998, ua hāʻawi ka ʻaha kūkā o ke kūlanakauhale, ma mua o ka Ministry of Defense, i ka hale hana lima i ke Kulanui o Castilla-La Mancha. Ma ka ʻāina i koe, i ka makahiki 2004, ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā hale 1.300, ua hoʻopau ʻia ʻelua makahiki ma hope mai ka nānā ʻana i ka hana archaeological a me nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa nui. Ma 2023, ma ka Vega Baja a me ka Peraleda, hoʻolaha ʻia nā hana no ka leʻaleʻa lehulehu o kekahi mau wahi archaeological, i kēia manawa i hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia, mālama i ka ʻāina a me nā waiwai hoʻoilina. Eia naʻe, ʻo ko mākou mau ʻāina i mālama ʻia i nā hoʻolālā waiwai i hoʻāla ʻia i ke kūʻē ʻana o nā paepae a me nā kānaka i nā hale hou i loko o nā mahi kanu kaulana ʻo Tagus.
Ua ʻike ka nui o mākou i nā loli āpau i hana ʻia i loko o ʻehā mau makahiki. ʻO Tito Livio's urbs bunch (XNUMXst century) aia i ka XNUMXst century he mea ʻoiaʻiʻo nui a hoʻopuehu ʻia nona ka wā e hiki mai ana e hui pū ʻia me nā pahuhopu kaiapili hoʻomau e hana maoli i kūlanakauhale.
NO KA MEA KAKAU
RAFAEL O KA CERRO MALAGON
